PC_06-07-00_Meeting_MinutesMEETING MINUTES
OF THE
• FREDERICK COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION
Held in the Board Room of the Frederick County Administration Building at 107 North Kent Street in
Winchester, Virginia on June 7, 2000.
PRESENT: Charles S. DeHaven, Jr., Chairman/Stonewall District; John R. Marker, Vice-Chairman, Back
Creek District; George L. Unger, Back Creek District; John H. Light, Stonewall District; Richard C. Ours,
Opequon District; George J. Kriz, Gainesboro District; S. Blaine Wilson, Shawnee District; W. Wayne Miller,
Gainesboro District; Robert A. Morris, Shawnee District; Roger L. Thomas, Opequon District; Gene E. Fisher,
Citizen at Large; Sidney A. Reyes, Board Liaison; and Jay Cook, Legal Counsel.
ABSENT: Vincent DiBenedetto, Winchester City Liaison
STAFF PRESENT: Kris C. Tierney, Planning Director; Michael T. Ruddy, Zoning Administrator;
Amy M. Lohr, Planner II; Mark R. Cheran, Planner 1; and Renee' S. Arlotta, Clerk.
CALL TO ORDER
• Chairman DeHaven called the meeting to order at 7:00 p.m.
APPROVAL OF MINUTES - APRIL 19. 2000 & MAY 3. 2000
Upon motion made by Mr. Marker and seconded by Mr. Kriz, the minute's of April 19, 2000
were unanimously approved as presented.
Upon motion made by Mr. Marker and seconded by Mr. Kriz, the minutes of May 3, 2000
were unanimously approved as presented.
COMMITTEE REPORTS
Development Review & Regulations Subcommittee (DRRS) - 05 /17/00 Mtg.
Commissioner Roger L. Thomas, subcommittee chairman, reported that die DRRS held a work
•
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes or June 7, 2000 Page 51(
-2-
session to discuss the proposed amendments to the R5 ordinance. He said that the result of that discussion will
• be presented during the discussion of Item #10 on this evening's agenda.
Comprehensive Plans & Programs Subcommittee (CPPS) - 05/08/00 & 05/24/00 Mtgs.
Commissioner Robert M. Morris, subcommittee member, reported that on May 8, the CPPS
continued with their work on the Comprehensive Policy Plan and on May 24, a work session was held with the
Board of Supervisors. He said that public informational meetings have been scheduled for June 26, 2000 and
July 10, 2000 at the Stonewall Elementary School cafeteria.
Winchester City Planning Commission (WPCJ - 06/06/00 Work Session
Commissioner Richard C. Ours, liaison to the WPC, stated that as a result of the WPC's work
session yesterday, they are ready to pass on to Council the rezoning that would affect the Robinson Elementary
School.
• AMENDMENT TO AGENDA
Chairman DcHaven requested that the agenda be amended to add a subdivision, that was
received late by the staff. He suggested that it be added between Items #8 and 49. The Planning Commission
concurred with the amendment.
PUBLIC HEARING
Conditional Use Permit #18 -00 of Merrill K. Hausentluck to operate a Cottage Occupation for
Woodworking/ Auctioneering. This property is located at 669 Salem Church Road and is identified with
P.I.N.s 85 -A -120 and 85- A -120A in the Opequon Magisterial District.
Action - Recommended Approval with Conditions
Ms. Amy M. Lohr, Planner II, read the background information and review agency comments.
Ms. Lohr stated that the staff has concerns regarding the need for adequate parking, sanitary facilities, and safe
ingress and egress to and from the property during auction events. She pointed out that the Commission has
11
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 517
i
-3-
the prerogative of conditioning the approval of the permit on the submittal of an approved minor site plan. Ms.
® Lohr added that during application review, it was discovered that the structure in which the business will occur
is located on the adjacent property owned by Mr. Hausenfluck. She explained that in order to consider this as
a cottage occupation, the accessory structure should be located on the same parcel as the Hausenfluck's home.
Ms. Lohr said this may be achieved by either a lot consolidation or a boundary line adjustment.
Mr. Reyes asked for an explanation of the staffs concerns regarding sanitary facilities. Ms.
Lohr replied that there are no bathrooms in the existing out building. She said that the Health Department has
advised that the applicant has the option of renting a port-a john for use during auctions.
Mr. Merrill K. Hausenfluck, the applicant and owner, stated that he has already made
arrangements with a "Johnny Blue" company. He added that there was plenty of off - street parking.
Another member of the Commission asked Mr. Hausenfluck to explain how often he
anticipated the auctioning of animals. Mr. Hausenfluck replied that approximately once every two years, he
would be auctioning his own animals; he will be using existing facilities to house the animals on both his
property and his brother's adjoining property.
There were no citizen comments.
Based on the infrequency of auctions and the use taking place inside an enclosed structure, the
Planning Commission did not believe it was necessary for the applicant to submit a site plan. Commission
members believed that adequate parking and sanitary facilities had been adequately addressed by the applicant.
Upon motion made by Mr. Ours and seconded by Mr. Thomas,
• BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously recommend
approval of Conditional Use Permit #08 -00 for Merrill K. Hausenfluck to operate a Cottage Occupation for
Woodworking/ Auctioncering at 669 Salem Church Road with the following conditions:
1. All review agency comments must be complied with at all times.
2. All woodworking shall occur and be stored inside a completely enclosed structure.
3. In accordance with Cottage Occupation sign requirements, signage for the proposed use may not
exceed four square feet in area. I
4. No more than four auctions shall be held in one calendar year.
5. All auction items, excluding animals and large farm machinery, are to be stored inside a completely
enclosed structure when not being displayed for auction purposes.
6. Approval of this conditional use permit shall be granted at the time when the primary dwelling and
accessory structure are located on the same parcel, thereby meeting the requirements of a cottage
occupation.
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 518
-4-
7. Any change of use or expansion of the approved cottage occupation shall require a new conditional
• use permit.
Conditional Use Permit #09 -00 of Willard and Joyce Umbenour to operate a Cottage Occupation for a
television repair service. This property is located at 160 Grasshopper Lane and is identified with P.I.N.
34 -A -25A in the Stonewall Magisterial District.
Action - Recommended Approval with Conditions
Mr. Mark R. Cheran, Planner 1, presented a letter from Mr. Michael R. Boden and Ms. Ruth
C. M. Boden, residents at 142 Grasshopper Lane, who did not object to the existing TV repair service, but were
opposed to over -the- counter sales because of the amount of traffic this would generate on their 22' -wide gravel
right -of -way. Mr. Cheran proceeded to read the background information and review agency comments.
Members of the Commission asked for the distance to the nearest paved road. Mr. Willard
Umbenour, the owner and applicant, believed the proposed repair service was 1,500' off of Brucetown Road.
Mr. Umbenour said that 99% of his business takes place in his customers' homes. In response to other
Commissioners' questions, Mr. Umbenour said that occasionally, customers will drop off televisions for repair
at his home. He stated that his sign was located within the right -of -way. He said that two other residents,
besides himself, use the same lane and he has been in business for three to four years. Mr. Umbenour said that
he is satisfied with the condition of allowing only service and no "over- the - counter" sales.
• Chairman DeHaven called for public comments and the following persons came forward to
speak:
Mr. John Owens, resident at 2028 Bmcetown Road, said that he owns 40 acres along
Grasshopper Lane and has recently purchased another 44 acres at the end of Grasshopper Lane. Mr. Owens
stated that along with himself, he is representing his son and daughter, who both have homes along
Grasshopper Lane. Mr. Owens supported the conditional use permit request of Mr. Umbenour. He added that
they have not had any problems with traffic or any other aspect of Mr. Umbenour's business.
Mr. Michael R. Boden, resident at 142 Grasshopper Lane, stated that Mr. Umbenour has an
advertisement in the "Valley Trader" for "sales of new and used TVs and VCRs from $49.95 and up." Mr.
Boden said this was the reason he asked for a stipulation that there be no over- the - counter sales. He said that
Grasshopper Lane is narrow; there is not enough width for two cars to pass each other, and he did not think
it would accommodate a lot of traffic. Mr. Boden said that he has no problems with the repair side of the
business.
Mr. Light moved that Mr. Bodcn's letter be made a part of the official record. This motion
was seconded by Mr. Ours and unanimously passed. i
Commissioners were of the opinion that because this conditional use was located on a shared,
very narrow driveway serving three properties and because of the potential for increased traffic, "over -the-
0
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 519
-5-
counter" sales should not be permitted.
• Upon motion made by Mr. Light and seconded by Mr. Ours,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously recommend
approval of Conditional Use Permit #09 -00 of Willard and Joyce Umbenour to operate a Cottage Occupation
for a television repair service at 160 Grasshopper Lane with the following conditions:
All review agency comments shall be complied with at all times.
Any proposed business sign shall conform to Cottage Occupation sign requirement' ; the sign shall not
exceed four square feet.
3. Any change of use or expansion of the business will require a new Conditional Use Permit.
4. No "over- the - counter" sales are permitted.
PUBLIC MEETING
Site Plan #06 -00 of OTAN (Outreach to Asia Nationals), per Condition #2 of Conditional Use Permit 919-
99, for a humanitarian aid organizational office. This property is located at 261 Bethany Hill Drive and
® is identified with P.I.N. 30 -7 -10 in the Gainesboro Magisterial District.
Action - Approved
Mr. Mark R. Cheran, Planner I, said that Outreach to Asia Nationals (OTAN) applied for a
Conditional Use Permit for a humanitarian aid organizational office (CUP # 19 -99) and approval of the CUP
was conditioned upon the submittal of an approved site plan. Mr. Cheran stated that the site plan as presented
meets all of the requirements of the Zoning Ordinance. Mr. Cheran proceeded to point out the details of the
Plan to the Commission.
Members of the Commission questioned if the magnitude and size of the proposed building
and parking lot was consistent with the Conditional Use Permit. Mr. Cheran replied that the conditions of the
CUP stipulated that there be no more than 15 employees and no more than two full -time residents on the
property. He added that the number of parking spaces have been calculated correctly on the site plan for this
number of employees.
Mr. Claus Bader of Greenway Engineering, the engineering/ design firm for the project, was
present as the representative for OTAN. Mr. Bader said that OTAN is a religious -based organization that
seeks to reach out to the people of Asia, China, Nepal, and Tibet. Mr. Bader proceeded to give the
Commission a brief overview of what the OTAN organization does. He stated that the Health Department
permit is for 15 employees.
E ,
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 520
Mr. Kris C. Tierney, Planning Director, explained that two years ago, the County was
approached by OTAN to establish this use in the RA (Rural Areas) Zoning District. Mr. Tierney said the
proposal generated a great deal of discussion as to the appropriateness of what was perceived as a business
use in the rural part of the County. He said that ultimately, the ordinance was amended to allow "humanitarian
aid organizations" in the RA District with conditions. Mr. Tierney added that at the time OTAN's conditional
use permit was approved, the Planning Commission stipulated that a site plan be submitted and reviewed by
the Commission.
There were no citizen comments.
No issues were raised by members of the Commission.
Upon motion made by Mr. Morris and seconded by Mr. Kriz,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby approve Site Plan #06 -00
of OTAN (Outreach to Asian Nationals) for a humanitarian aid organizational office at 261 Bethany Hill Drive
per Condition #2 of Conditional Use Permit # 19 -99 by the following majority vote:
YES (TO APPROVE) Fisher, Kriz, Marker, Light, Morris, Unger, DeHaven
NO: Miller, Ours, Thomas, Wilson
40 Request for a Waiver of the Requirements of Section 144- 25.B., Utilities and Easements, of the
Subdivision Ordinance by Dawson Investments. The property is located at 150 Dawson Drive in the
Dawson Industrial Park and is identified with P.I.N. 63 -8 -2 in the Back Creek Magisterial District.
Action - Recommend Approval with Condition
Ms. Amy M. Lohr, Planner II, said that a request has been received from Mr. C. Bruce
Dawson of Dawson Investments to permit a waiver of the requirements of the Subdivision Ordinance, Section
144- 25.B., Utilities and Easements, which specifies that all electric, telephone, and cable television lines be
installed underground. Ms. Lohr reported that overhead electric was installed to service a 1,800 square foot
maintenance shed located to the rear of the American W000dmark facility in the Dawson Industrial Park on
Lot 2. She said that the maintenance shed is a permanent structure intended to house maintenance materials
for the industrial park.
Ms. Lohr continued, stating that the applicant believes the existing subsurface rock in the area
would increase the cost of underground installation beyond that of the entire electrical system. She said that
the applicant has also stated that further development is planned for this parcel. Ms. Lohr said that this future
development is subject to the requirement of underground utilities. She said that with this in mind, it is the
staff's recommendation that overhead electric be permitted to serve the existing building until such time as
underground electric is installed to accommodate the future development.
I
C�
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 521
pr
-7-
Mr. C. Bruce Dawson, the applicant, stated that he intends to submit a site plan for an
additional building on this same lot, to be built in phases up to 50,000 square feet, which will be served by
underground utilities. He noted that the electric serving the entire property runs within 30 feet of the
maintenance building down the north property line. He preferred to leave the overhead line on the maintenance
building because it was not easily seen and, in addition, the area was solid rock and, therefore, expensive to
dig through.
There were no citizen comments.
Commission members agreed with allowing the overhead line to the maintenance shed to
remain temporarily, but to be consistent with the appearance of the remainder of the industrial park, they
believed the line needed to be buried when the future construction occurred.
Upon motion made by Mr. Thomas and seconded by Mr. Unger,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously recommend
to the Board of Supervisors that the temporary electrical line be allowed to remain in place until Lot 2 is further
developed; however, when the additional structure on Lot 2 is connected, the maintenance building will also
be connected with underground utilities and the overhead line will be eliminated.
Subdivision #06 -00 of Alex D. Simpson to create two lots from a 10.5 -acre tract of land. This property
. is located in Shawneeland (Emerald Lake Tract) and is identified with P.I.N. 49A2 -3 -19B in the Back
Creek Magisterial District.
Action - Recommended Approval
Mr. Michael T. Ruddy, Zoning Administrator, stated that the parcel proposed to be subdivided
is located in an area internal to Shawneeland known as Emerald Lake. He said that the parcel is zoned R5
(Residential Recreational Community) and lots within the R5 District follow the same requirements as the RP
(Residential Performance) District. Mr. Ruddy said that the subdivision as submitted generally satisfies the
requirements of the Subdivision Ordinance, however, access to the subdivision is a concem: He explained that
access to all developments within R5 communities are required to be via State - maintained roads and the
proposed subdivision only has access to the roads within Shawneeland, which are maintained by the
Shawneeland Sanitary District. Mr. Ruddy said that due to the location of the proposed subdivision, it would
be appropriate to waive the State road access requirement of the Zoning Ordinance, allowing the extension of
existing private roads as enabled in Section 165 -77.1. of the ordinance.
Mr. Alex D. Simpson, the applicant, was available to answer questions from the Commission.
There were no citizen comments.
Commissioner Miller noted that the Shawneeland Sanitary District Manager's signature
appears on this subdivision plat, indicating approval of the subdivision by the Shawneeland Sanitary District.
•
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 522
-8-
Commissioner Miller said that if the Sanitary District signs a plat, then they are agreeing that the subdivision
is appropriate for Shawnecland and they accept responsibility for the road.
Commissioner Miller moved to recommend approval of the waiver from requiring a state -
maintained road because the roads in Shawnecland are Sanitary District - maintained roads. This motion was
seconded by Mr. Ours.
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously recommend
approval of the waiver of the requirements of Section 144- 25.B., Utilities and Easements, of the Subdivision
Ordinance as requested by Alex D. Simpson based on the fact that the Shawnecland Sanitary District is
responsible for road maintenance within Shawnecland and, secondly, the Sanitary District Manager has signed
the plat, indicating the District's approval of the subdivision.
Subdivision Application #07 -00 of Thomas C. Baker and Thomas C. Glass, Partners (t a TOMS) for the
subdivision of a 19.4008 -acre tract, zoned B2, into three lots for commercial use. This property is located
adjacent to Valley Pike (Rt. 11 South) and Route 839, in the Back Creek Magisterial District.
Action - Recommended Approval
Mr. Gene E. Fisher said that he would abstain from all discussion and vote on this subdivision
application due to a possible conflict of interest.
r Mr. Michael T. Ruddy, Zoning Administrator, stated that there were nI objections to the
proposed subdivision by any of the reviewing agencies. Mr. Ruddy stated that the 19 -acre parcel has frontage
on both Valley Pike (Rt. 1 I So.) and Route 839 and primary access to the proposed three parcels would be
provided via Route 839. He said that the potential may exist in the future for Lot 3 to have a modified access
to Route 11, such as a "right in/ right out" movement. He explained that a "Category Ai' buffer is required
and all utilities must be installed underground.
There were no citizen continents.
No issues of concern were raised by the Planning Commission and they believed the
subdivision generally satisfied the requirements of the Subdivision Ordinance.
Upon motion made by Mr. Miller and seconded by Mr. Wilson,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously recommend
approval of Subdivision Application #07 -00 of Thomas C. Baker and Thomas C. Glass, Partners (t/a TOMS)
for the subdivision of a 19.4008 -acre tract, zoned B2, into three lots for commercial use.
(Note : Mr. Gene E. Fisher abstained from voting.)
r 1
LJ
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 523
i
WR
• DISCUSSION ITEMS
Discussion of Route 522 Relocation
Ms. Amy M. Lohr, Planner II, stated that the Winchester Area Transportation Study (WATS)
recommends that the current intersection of Front Royal Pike (Rt. 522) and Millwood Pike (Rt. 50/17) be
relocated because the increasing traffic volume associated with the developing commercial corridor in this area
has produced congestion that diminishes the intersection's safety and efficiency. Ms. Lohr stated that, in
addition, the 1 -81 Improvement Study includes plans to reconfigure the interchange at Route 50/17, which will
result in additional lanes and increased traffic traversing the intersection. She said that the traffic analysis
performed with the I -81 Study indicates that the relocation of Route 522 would enable the interchange to
function at a higher level of service and safety.
Ms. Lohr next reviewed each of the alternatives available to the Commission, Alternative A,
which included two options, and Alternative B. Ms. Lohr stated that Alternative A 1 would directly follow the
existing Ryco Lane right -of -way and Alternative A2 would also follow the Ryco Lane right -0f - -way, but would
be shifted slightly to the cast to align directly with Purdue Drive (Rt. 796). She explained that Alternative B
would result in the intersection of Routes 522 and 50/17 occurring further east at the existing Prince Frederick
Drive (Rt. 781). Ms. Lohr stated that the Transportation Committee endorsed Alternative B at their meeting
on April 4, 2000.
Representatives of VDOT, Mr. Jerry Copp, Resident Engineer, and Mr. Norman Sparks,
Assistant Resident Engineer, were available to answer questions from the Commission. Mr. Copp stated that
. all three options were feasible. Mr. Copp said that VDOT envisions a right-turn-only intersection where
vehicles traveling on Route 50 East would be permitted to make right -hand turns onto Route 522.
Chairman DeHaven called for public comments and the following person came forward to
speak:
Mr. Gene Groves, the owner of the Winchester Harley Davidson stated that either option of
Alternative A would probably displace his business. Mr. Groves asked that the Commission provide him with
some type of time frame on when this would occur.
The Planning Commission reviewed the proposed alternatives and expressed concern regarding
the disruption of existing businesses and believed that such disruption should be mitigated, if possible.
Following discussion, the Commission was most in favor of Alternative B, which would result in the
intersection of Routes 522 and 50/17 occurring further east than Alternative A, at the existing Prince Frederick
Drive (Rt. 78 1) right -of -way. It was noted that this intersection would be closer to the ultimate intersection
of the connector road planned through the Oakdale Crossing III/ Ravenwood/ Reavenoaks/ Ravenwing Master
Development Plan and Route 50/17, and, in addition, this option would include rebuilding Route 781 on the
north side of Route 50 to eliminate the skewed intersection.
Upon motion made by Mr. Ours and seconded by Mr. Kriz,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Frederick County Planning Commission does hereby unanimously endorse
•
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 524
10-
Alternative B for the Route 522 Relocation. Alternative B would result in the intersection of Routes 522 and
• 50/17 occurring further east at the existing Prince Frederick Drive (Rt. 78 1) right -of -way. This intersection
would be clsoer to the ultimate intersection of the connector road planned through the Oakdale Crossing IIU
Ravenwood/ Reavenoaks/ Ravemving Master Development Plan and Route 50/17, and, in addition, this option
would include rebuilding Route 781 on the north side of Route 50 to eliminate the skewed intersection.
Discussion of Proposed Amendments to the R5 (Residential Recreational Community) District.
Mr. Michael T. Ruddy, Zoning Administrator, presented for the Commission's review and
evaluation, the proposed amendments to the R5 (Residential Recreational Community) District. Mr. Ruddy
noted that the Development Review & Regulations Subcommittee (DRRS) has been working on amendments
to the Zoning Ordinance that would enable the project known as "Shenandoah" to become a reality. He said
that at their meeting of May 17, 2000, the DRRS indicated that the amendments should be forwarded to the
Planning Commission for discussion.
Mr. Ruddy continued, stating that the staff has had the opportunity to review the revisions that
were made by the developer, the Dogwood Development Group, and the design firm, I G. W. Clifford &
Associates, Inc., from input received from prior discussions with the DRRS and Commission. Mr. Ruddy said
that the staff has incorporated the necessary changes into the existing R5 (Residential Recreational Community)
District and RP (Residential Performance) District sections of the Zoning Ordinance and it is the staffs belief
that the amendments generally reflect both the desires of the developer and the concerns of the DRRS and
Planning Commission. Mr. Ruddy proceeded to review all of the amendments with the Qommission.
• Mr. Charles E. Maddox, Jr., P.E., with G. W. Clifford &Associates, Inc., the design -
engineering firm representing the developer, presented a list of new revisions to the amendments that had not
been included in the Commission's agenda. Mr. Maddox went over his revisions with t9c Commission and
answered questions.
Two citizens were present to speak about concerns they had associated with the Shenandoah
Development. Mr. James Madden, with the Izaak Walton League, wanted to see environmental protection
clauses incorporated for the protection of woodlands, steep slopes, and wetlands. He also had concerns and
questions about the individual sewage treatment pumps and the potential for pollution of t11c lake. Mr. Robert
Pownell, with the Northern Shenandoah Valley Audobon Society, believed commercial areas within the
proposed residential recreational community should be rezoned to business. Mr. Pownell also had concerns
about some of the environmental issues that Mr. Madden had raised.
The revisions presented by Mr. Maddox generated numerous questions and issues from the
Planning Commission. Questions were raised about landscaping, residences above commercial space, general
merchandise stores, the movie theater, percentage of residents who are not age - restricted, whether school -age
children would need to be considered, review of several definitions by the County Attorney, and parking. The
Commission believed that all the issues needed to be decided and finalized in a manner that is acceptable to Mr.
Maddox, his clients, the staff, and the Commission before the amendments could go to a public hearing.
Commission members were of the opinion that significantly more dialogue was needed to resolve the issues.
•
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 525
Pr
•
CANCELLATION OF THE JUNE 21, 2000 MEETING
Mr. Kris C. Tierney, Planning Director, stated that there are no pending applications for the
Commission's June 21, 2000 meeting.
Upon motion made by Mr. Marker and seconded by Mr. Ours, the Commission unanimously
agreed to officially cancel the June 21, 2000 meeting.
The Planning Commission scheduled a work session to be held on June 21, 2000 at 7:00 p.m.
and invited the DRRS and the County Attorney to discuss further the proposed amendments to the R5
(Residential Recreational Community) District.
ADJOURNMENT
No further business remained to be discussed and the meeting adjoum I at 10:05 p.m, by
t unanimous vote.
Respectfully submitted,
0
DcHaven, Jr., Chairman
Frederick County Planning Commission
Minutes of June 7, 2000 Page 526
r