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Home My WebLink About23-22 Phase I Survey - Addendum PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY FOR THE BARTONSVILLE EXPANSION ENERGY FACILITY, FREDERICK COUNTY, VIRGINIA ADDENDUM REPORT MARCH 2022 PREPARED FOR Bartonsville Energy Facility II, LLC PREPARED BY SWCA Environmental Consultants PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY FOR THE BARTONSVILLE EXPANSION ENERGY FACILITY, FREDERICK COUNTY, VIRGINIA ADDENDUM REPORT DHR No. 2020-0368 Prepared for Bartonsville Energy Facility II, LLC 939 Pearl Street, Suite 210 Boulder, Colorado 80302 Attn: Wes Andrews Prepared by SWCA Environmental Consultants 80 Emerson Lane, Suite 1306 Bridgeville, Pennsylvania 15017 www.swca.com Written by: Jonathan R. Libbon, RPA Benjamin Demchak, RPA Hannah Curry SWCA Project No. 00070225-000 SWCA Cultural Resources Report No. 22-133 March 2022 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 i ABSTRACT SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) previously conducted a Phase I cultural resource survey on behalf of Bartonsville Energy Facility II, LLC (Bartonsville Energy), for the proposed Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility (project) in Frederick County, Virginia. The project is located in the southern portion of Frederick County, west of Stephens City, Virginia, south of Marlboro Road. The area of potential effects (APE) for the initial project design was 467 acres (189 hectares [ha]). The project is located on the 1986 Stephens City and the 1999 Middletown, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey 7.5- minute quadrangles. Bartonsville Energy is seeking to develop the project area into a solar facility. The project requires compliance with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) Solar Permit by Rule process and thus requires consultation with the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR). Using the June 2021 work plan, SWCA conducted a site visit between November 3 and 5, 2021, and completed the initial Phase I archaeological fieldwork for the project between November 29 and December 9, 2021. The survey report detailing the results of the archaeological investigations was submitted to the DHR and DEQ for review on January 12, 2022. In addition to the archaeological investigation, SWCA conducted a historic architecture reconnaissance survey between November 3 and 5, 2021, and in conjunction with the archaeological fieldwork conducted on November 29 and December 9, 2021. The survey report detailing the results of the historic architecture reconnaissance survey was submitted to the DHR and DEQ for review on February 8, 2022. Subsequent to the initial consultation, changes were proposed to the project’s APE. The proposed changes include a 21.2-acre (8.58-ha) laydown yard and improvements to Strode McLeod Lane. The limits of disturbance for the proposed improvements to Strode McLeod Lane are within the existing roadbed. The proposed changes result in an increase of the project APE from 467 acres (189 ha) to 484 acres (196 ha). As the laydown yard will not result in a permanent impact and any improvement to Strode McLeod Lane will be consistent with its existing function as a roadway, the visual impact of the additions to the project will be limited. The archaeological survey was conducted in accordance with the probability model established by Dutton and Associates in 2021 (Gryctko 2021). Within the newly added 16.7-acre (6.8-ha) area, 1.4 acres (0.57 ha) are considered to have a high probability of containing archaeological resources, and the remaining 19.8 acres (8.01 ha) are considered to have a low probability. SWCA tested 1.4 acres (0.57 ha) of the high-probability area and 21 percent (3.5 acres [1.4 ha]) of the low-probability area. SWCA conducted fieldwork for the newly added portions of the project between February 7 and February 9, 2022. Because the laydown yard is temporary, a reconnaissance-level historic architecture survey was not conducted. If the impacts from the laydown yard change from temporary to permanent, an additional reconnaissance- level historic architecture survey may be needed to account for the expanded visual APE. The goal for the Phase I archaeological investigation of the newly added portion of the APE was to identify the location of archaeological sites that may be impacted by the construction of the project. This report details the results of the archaeological investigation of the newly added portion of the APE that may be affected by the proposed development. Additionally, two aboveground resources within the 0.5- mile aboveground APE that were previously determined not eligible (034-5222 and 034-5223) are evaluated, and two newly recorded resources are evaluated (034-5424 and 034-5425). No archaeological resources were identified during the course of the investigation of the APE. SWCA recommends 034-5222, 034-5223, 034-5424, and 034-5425 not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. SWCA recommends no further work for the newly added portion of the project. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 ii This page intentionally left blank. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 iii CONTENTS Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... i Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Environmental Context .............................................................................................................................. 5 Soils ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Hydrology ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Current and Past Land Use ..................................................................................................................... 5 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Previous Research .................................................................................................................................. 7 Historic Map Review .............................................................................................................................. 9 Archaeological Site Potential ................................................................................................................... 10 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Field Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Results ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Archaeology Results ............................................................................................................................. 13 Historic Architectural Survey Results .................................................................................................. 13 034-5222 ........................................................................................................................................ 15 034-5223 ........................................................................................................................................ 16 034-5424 ........................................................................................................................................ 18 034-5425 ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Summary and Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 21 References Cited ........................................................................................................................................ 22 Appendices Appendix A. Shovel Test Location Map Appendix B. Soil Profiles Appendix C. Sketch Maps of Newly Recorded Architectural Resources Appendix D. Photographs of Newly Recorded Architectural Resources Appendix E. VCRIS Forms Figures Figure 1. Map showing the proposed location of the project. ....................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Project overview map. ................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 3. Aerial imagery showing the project area. ...................................................................................... 4 Figure 4. Overview of an active agricultural field within the APE, facing southwest. ................................. 6 Figure 5. Overview of a cut-grass field within the APE, facing southwest. ................................................. 6 Figure 6. Overview of Strode McLeod Lane, facing northeast. .................................................................... 7 Figure 7. VCRIS map of previously recorded resources and surveys in proximity to the APE. .................. 8 Figure 8. Approximate project location shown on the 1885 Atlas of Frederick County, with the building in proximity to the APE circled in blue. ...................................................................... 9 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 iv Figure 9. Approximate project location shown on the 1942 Winchester and 1943 Middletown USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles, with buildings in proximity to the APE circled in blue. .......................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 10. Probability areas within the APE. .............................................................................................. 12 Figure 11. Newly recorded and/or evaluated historic-age resources within the 0.5-mile study area. ........ 14 Figure 12. Overview of north façade of 034-5222, facing south. ............................................................... 15 Figure 13. View toward historic-age building associated with 034-5223, facing south. ............................ 16 Figure 14. View toward the project from 034-5223, facing northeast. ....................................................... 17 Figure 15. Overview of 034-5424, facing southwest. ................................................................................. 18 Figure 16. Overview of eastern façade of 034-5425, facing south. ............................................................ 19 Figure 17. Overview of outbuilding associated with 034-5425, facing north. ............................................ 20 Tables Table 1. Soils within the Project Area .......................................................................................................... 5 Table 2. Previously Documented Archaeological Resources within 1.6 km (1 mile) of the APE ................ 8 Table 3. Previous Archaeological Investigations within 1.6 km (1 mile) of the APE .................................. 9 Table 4. Recently Documented or Evaluated Historic-Age Resources ...................................................... 15 Table 5. Summary of Resources Recorded with Management Recommendations .................................... 21 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 1 INTRODUCTION SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) previously conducted a Phase I cultural resource survey on behalf of Bartonsville Energy Facility II, LLC (Bartonsville Energy), for the proposed Bartonsville Energy Expansion Facility (project) in Frederick County, Virginia. The project will consist of the construction of a photovoltaic solar energy generation facility located south of Marlboro Road, 1.6 kilometers [km] (1.0 mile) west of the town of Stephens City, Virginia (Figures 1–3). The area of potential effects (APE) for the previous project design is 467 acres (189 hectares [ha]). Subsequent to the initial consultation, changes were proposed to the project’s APE. The proposed changes include a 16.7-acre (6.8-ha) laydown yard and an upgrade to Strode McLeod Lane (see Figures 1–3). For the purposes of this report, the APE is considered to be the 16.7-acre (6.8-ha) portion of the project not previously surveyed. The survey of the APE was conducted in accordance with the probability model by Dutton and Associates in 2021 (Gryctko 2021). According to that model, 1.4 acres (0.57 ha) of the APE are considered to have a high probability of containing archaeological resources, and the remaining 15.3 acres (6.2 ha) are considered to have a low probability. SWCA surveyed 1.4 acres (0.57 ha) of the high- probability area and 21 percent of the low probability area (3.5 acres [1.4 ha]). Because the laydown yard is temporary, a reconnaissance-level historic architecture survey was not conducted for the additional proposed portions of the APE. If the impacts from the laydown yard change from temporary to permanent, an additional reconnaissance-level historic architecture survey may be needed. Additionally, SWCA surveyed and evaluated four historic resources (034-5222, 034-5223, 034-5424, and 034-5425) within the 0.5-mile aboveground APE of the overall project. The Phase I investigation was conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for Conducting Historic Resources Survey in Virginia established by the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) (2017). The cultural resource survey was undertaken to satisfy the requirements of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality’s (DEQ’s) Small Renewable Energy Projects (Solar) Permit by Rule process. All work was conducted according to the standards of the U.S. Department of the Interior (Federal Register 48:44738-9) and overseen or completed by professionals who meet the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archeology (Federal Register 48:44716-44742). Jonathan Libbon, RPA, served as Principal Investigator and was responsible for project management and report preparation. Benjamin Demchak, RPA, and Zack Whalen assisted with report preparation. Zack Whalen, Christine Lasser, and Evan Flannery conducted the archaeology fieldwork for the proposed changes in the APE between February 7 and February 9, 2022. Hannah Curry and Elle McIntire supported the documentation and evaluation of historic resources on the project. This report is intended to provide the results of the survey of the newly added portion of the project and provide information on environmental data and specific background research relevant to the APE. The initial submissions (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022; Libbon, Demchak, et al. 2022) contain a full cultural context for the project as well as additional background research and a full discussion of the survey methodology. The information provided in this report is meant to supplement the previous work conducted for the project. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 2 Figure 1. Map showing the proposed location of the project. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 3 Figure 2. Project overview map. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 4 Figure 3. Aerial imagery showing the project area. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT This section presents the factors of the environment that have influenced the historic and precontact occupation of the project area, with a focus on the newly added portion of the project area. The information in this section, as well as the Literature Review and Archaeological Site Potential sections, is meant to augment the discussion provided in the initial two reports (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022; Libbon, Demchak, et al. 2022). The discussion below focuses on factors unique to the newly added portion of the project. Soils A search of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Web Soil Survey database (NRCS 2022) identified multiple soil series within the APE (Table 1). The predominant soil unit within the APE (52.8 percent) is Oaklet silt loam, which is characterized as being well drained and typically found on hills. Oaklet silt loam typically demonstrates the following profile: • Ap: 0 to 18 centimeters (cm) (0–7 inches), silt loam • Bt: 18 to 229 cm (7–90 inches), clay Table 1. Soils within the Project Area Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Percentage of APE Landform Drainage Class Parent Material 6C Carbo-Oaklet, very rocky silt loams, 2 to 15 percent slopes 17.4 Hills Well drained Residuum weathered from limestone 14C Frederick-Poplimento loams, 7 to 15 percent slopes 10.8 Hills Well drained Residuum from limestone 32B Oaklet silt loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes 45.8 Hills Well drained Residuum derived from limestone 32C Oaklet silt loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes 7.0 Hills Well drained Residuum derived from limestone Source: NRCS (2022) Hydrology The APE drains to the north and to the east into the headwaters of Stephens Run. There are no streams, springs, or other source of surface water within the APE. There is no evidence of karst hydrological features, such as sink holes or sinking or rising streams, within the APE. Current and Past Land Use The APE is currently an agricultural setting consisting of primarily harvested row-crop fields, with smaller portions consisting of grass fields. The portion of Strode McLeod Lane that will be upgraded consists of an unimproved farm road. Several portions of the APE were once active orchards, as observed on the 1972 Stephens City and Middletown Virginia, aerial imagery, but have since been cleared for the planting of more traditional row crops. Figures 4 through 6 depict the current land use of the project area. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 6 Figure 4. Overview of an active agricultural field within the APE, facing southwest. Figure 5. Overview of a cut-grass field within the APE, facing southwest. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 7 Figure 6. Overview of Strode McLeod Lane, facing northeast. LITERATURE REVIEW The following section establishes a cultural context supplementing the previous report detailing the initial archaeological investigation of the APE submitted to DHR and DEQ on January 12, 2022, and provides an overview of the previous archaeological work conducted in proximity to the APE. Additionally, a detailed review of historic-era maps and atlases was undertaken to help identify the historic occupation of the APE and summarize the historic-era land use of the project area. Due to proximity of the of the newly added portion of the project to the previously surveyed portion, the overall culture history is the same as that of the project area (Libbon, Demchak, et al. 2022). Previous Research A cultural resources records search was conducted using the Virginia Cultural Resource Information System (VCRIS) on February 15, 2022 (Figure 7) for the newly added portion of the project. The records search indicated that 14 archaeological sites are located within 1.6 km (1.0 mile) of the APE (Table 2). Further review of the VCRIS indicated that two previous surveys have been conducted within 1.6 km (1.0 mile) of the project area (Table 3). There are no previously recorded archaeological sites or previous surveys within the APE, although the two sites (44FK1054 and 44FK1055) recorded during the initial survey of the project area located directly to the east of the APE. Additionally, no portion of the APE is within the American Battlefield Protection Program Civil War Battlefield Boundaries (Study and Core boundaries). Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 8 Figure 7. VCRIS map of previously recorded resources and surveys in proximity to the APE. Table 2. Previously Documented Archaeological Resources within 1.6 km (1 mile) of the APE Site Number Site Type National Register Eligibility 44FK0005 Precontact Not evaluated 44FK0607 Late Archaic camp, historic dwelling, single Not evaluated 44FK0738 Historic farmstead No longer extant 44FK0783 Historic dwelling, single Not evaluated 44FK0810 Historic warehouse Not evaluated 44FK0866 Historic quarry Not evaluated 44FK0867 Historic quarry Not evaluated 44FK0981 Historic outbuilding Not evaluated 44FK0982 Historic cemetery Not evaluated 44FK1005 Historic outbuilding Not evaluated 44FK1012 Historic dwelling, single Not eligible 44FK1053* Precontact Not eligible 44FK1054* Precontact Not eligible 44FK1055* Precontact Not eligible Source: DHR (2022) *Recorded by SWCA during the initial survey of the project (Libbon, Demchak, et al. 2022). Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 9 Table 3. Previous Archaeological Investigations within 1.6 km (1 mile) of the APE DHR Report Number Survey Name Conducted by FK-125 A Phase I Investigation of a Portion of the James T. Wilson Property, Stephens City, Virginia Thunderbird Archaeological Associates, 2004 FK-163 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the ±381.38-Hectare (±942.4-Acre) Bartonsville Solar Project Area, Frederick County, Virginia Dutton and Associates, 2021 Source: DHR (2022) Historical Map Review Historical maps, atlases, and photographs were reviewed to supplement the report detailing the initial archaeological investigation of the APE submitted to DHR on January 12, 2022. The goal of this review is to compare the current extent of the project with historical cartographic references. In general, according to the documentary record, the APE has been undeveloped land or agricultural land throughout the historic era and modern past. The 1809 Map of Frederick, Berkeley, & Jefferson Counties in the State of Virginia depicts the APE as being undeveloped. The first map to show the project in detail is the D. J. Lake & Co 1885 An Atlas of Frederick County, Virginia (D. J. Lake & Co 1885) (Figure 8). The 1885 atlas shows the APE as largely undeveloped land. According to the 1885 atlas, there is one property depicted in proximity to the southern extent of the APE attributed to “Strode”. The Strode property is presumably the namesake for Strode McLeod Lane. The building attributed to Strode likely correlates to Barley’s Orchard House (DHR# 034-1401), which is northwest of the APE and was documented during the initial survey (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022:25). The 1942 Winchester and 1943 Middletown U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles continue to depict the APE as being undeveloped land except for the creation of Strode McLeod Lane. The 1942 Winchester map depicts an additional building besides the one attributed to “Strode” in proximity to the southern extent of the APE, likely the residence along the southern portion of the APE (DHR# 034-5424) (Figure 9). Figure 8. Approximate project location shown on the 1885 Atlas of Frederick County, with the building in proximity to the APE circled in blue. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 10 Figure 9. Approximate project location shown on the 1942 Winchester and 1943 Middletown USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles, with buildings in proximity to the APE circled in blue. In summary, between 1885 and the mid- to late twentieth century, the APE has been primarily agricultural land. For much of the historic past (i.e., pre-1885), it is likely that the APE served as agricultural fields for one of the landowners in or adjacent to the project area. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE POTENTIAL Archaeological site potential was previously established for the project in the 2021 work plan (Gryctko 2021). It was determined in the 2021 work plan that “there is a high to moderate potential for prehistoric sites to be located within the project area at confluences and terraces within the project area…V-CRIS records indicates that all prehistoric sites recorded within a 1.6 km (1 mile) buffer overlook Stephen’s Run” (Gryctko 2021:10). There are no confluences or terraces within the APE. Therefore, the potential for intact precontact resources is relatively low, based on what is known of the surrounding area. Additionally, the lack of karst features, such as caves, sinkholes, rising or sinking streams, or other such features limits the likelihood that the APE would be considered a high-value locale in the precontact landscape. Based on the review of the historic context of the project area and the historical map review, there is an area within the APE that may have the potential to contain historic period sites. This area is identified by the presence of map-documented buildings or structures, such as the building depicted on twentieth century cartographic sources along Strode McLeod Lane. While not mentioned in the 2021 work plan, there is a low potential for sites related to the Civil War. The APE is located southwest of Core Areas and southwest and west of Potential National Register Areas and Study Areas associated with the Battles of Kernstown as determined by the American Battlefield Protection Program. As discussed in the culture history section, troops likely moved through the project area as they maneuvered toward or retreated from engagements at Kernstown and Winchester, and likely took part in the multiple skirmishes at New Town Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 11 (modern day Stephens City). There is no evidence in the documentary record that any skirmishes were fought within the APE, or that the APE served as an encampment for either Confederate or Union forces. Based on the importance of Valley Pike, modern day Route 11, as a transportation corridor, troops may have used the APE or areas surrounding it as a brief stopping point or brief encampment. The archaeological signature associated with such a brief stay would be virtually invisible, and the fragile nature of any remains would have been heavily impacted by routine agricultural activities. METHODOLOGY This section describes the methodology and research design used during the Phase I survey of the project. The methodology utilized for the survey focused on the identification of archaeological sites within the APE, based on the probability analysis (Figure 10) established in the scope of work (Gryctko 2021) and the methodology for Phase I identification surveys, as directed by the DHR (2017). All methodology used was consistent with the methodology used during the initial surveys (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022; Libbon, Demchak, et al. 2022). Field Methods The entire APE was subjected to visual inspection to ensure that no aboveground features, including karst features such as sinkholes and caves, or artifacts were present. In the high-probability areas, as well as 21 percent of the low-probability areas, systematic shovel test pits (STPs) were excavated to test for subsurface cultural deposits. Cylindrical STPs were excavated at 15-m (50-foot) intervals in these areas. Whenever saturated soils or subsurface disturbance was encountered in an STP, excavation of that STP ceased. STPs were excavated by natural stratigraphic layers and extended at least 10 cm (4 inches) into culturally sterile subsoil. STPs measured 38 cm (15 inches) in diameter. All excavated sediment was screened through ¼-inch hardware mesh. The location of each STP was plotted using a handheld GPS unit capable of submeter accuracy and recorded on appropriate field forms. When steep slopes (greater than 15 percent) were identified within the testing areas, the areas were visually documented but no excavation was undertaken. If an STP contained cultural material, radial STPs were excavated around the initial find to determine the site boundaries. Each STP containing artifacts was delineated with two negative STPs in a cruciform pattern at 5-m and 10-m (16-foot and 33-foot) intervals. If two adjacent STPs contained artifacts, radial shovel testing was not conducted between the STPs. A site boundary was defined by the presence of two subsequent STPs that did not contain artifacts. When cultural material was recovered, a sequential field site number was assigned. Artifacts were then collected and bagged according to their spatial provenience. All sites were digitally photographed to augment the field maps and document the landscape. For the historic architectural reconnaissance survey, cartographic review was undertaken to determine the resources that were 45 years old or older within 0.5 mile of the project. These resources were documented using a digital camera and were photographed at oblique angles, if possible. SWCA conducted all survey activities from the public rights-of-way (ROWs) unless permission was granted by the property owner at the time of the survey. When possible, oral interviews were conducted with private landowners. All character-defining features, exterior materials, and landscape conditions were noted and documented. When possible, data such as location, address, property type, form or plan, stylistic influence, construction date, and initial assessments of National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility were noted in the field. Additionally, sketch maps were drawn, and photographs were keyed to the specific structures. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 12 Figure 10. Probability areas within the APE. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 13 RESULTS SWCA completed the additional fieldwork between February 7 and February 9, 2022. The additional documentation of the historic-age properties was conducted concurrently with the archaeological survey. The results of the archaeology and historic architecture reconnaissance are provided below. Archaeology Results All fieldwork was conducted in accordance with DHR guidelines (DHR 2017) and the probability assessment (see Figure 10) established for the project (Gryctko 2021). Based on a visual inspection of the APE, it is devoid of hydrologic features. Additionally, there is no evidence of karst features that were prominent in the precontact landscape of the Great Valley. One residence and its associated outbuilding were identified adjacent to the APE along Strode McLeod Lane. A visual inspection of the APE did not identify any aboveground features (e.g., rockshelters, foundations). At the time of the survey, no portion of the APE had ground surface visibility suitable for systematic surface survey. In total, 116 STPs were excavated within the APE (Appendix A). Shovel testing identified a soil profile that was consistent with the NRCS mapped soil units for the area. SWCA identified one typical soil profile within the APE (Appendix B). The soil profile consisted of one stratum over subsoil. Stratum I consisted of a dark yellowish brown (10YR4/4) silt loam typically found between 18 and 25 cm below ground surface. This stratum was found in active agricultural settings and was interpreted as an Ap-horizon. Subsoil consisted of a strong brown (7.5YR5/6) silty clay loam. No archaeological resources were identified in the APE. Historic Architectural Survey Results Because the newly added portion of the project will not result in permanent impacts, any visual impact will be limited to the brief period of construction. The additional historic architecture survey was conducted to supplement the previous survey conducted for the project (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022). There has been no change to the 0.5-mile APE initially established for the project (Figure 11) or the visual effect assessment that was conducted for the project (Libbon, Curry, et al. 2022:12). The additional survey effort for the project involved evaluation of two properties previously evaluated in 2015 (034-5222 and 034-5223) as well as two additional properties (034-5424 and 034-5425) not surveyed during the initial survey in November and December of 2021 (Table 4). As both newly evaluated properties were part of the same tax parcel and in proximity to Kent Barley’s Orchard House (DHR# 034-1401), it was assumed that they were associated with that resource. Upon documentation, it was determined they should be documented as separate properties, as historically they were separate residences. Sketch maps of the newly recorded resources are provided in Appendix C. Photographs of each of the surveyed resources keyed to a location map are provided in Appendix D. VCRIS forms for the resources that were evaluated or newly recorded are provided in Appendix E. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 14 Figure 11. Newly recorded and/or evaluated historic-age resources within the 0.5-mile study area. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 15 Table 4. Recently Documented or Evaluated Historic-Age Resources DHR ID# Resource Name / Address NRHP Eligibility Recommendation 034-5222 House, 5901 Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) DHR: not eligible SWCA: not eligible 034-5223 Office Park, 5933 Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) DHR: not eligible SWCA: not eligible 034-5424 House, 200 Strode McLeod Lane SWCA: not eligible 034-5425 House, 262 Strode McLeod Lane SWCA: not eligible 034-5222 Address: 5901 Valley Pike (U.S. 11) Stephens City, Virginia 22655 DHR Determination: not eligible (2015) SWCA Recommendation: not eligible DESCRIPTION The property at 5901 Valley Pike was initially documented in 2015 and, at the time, consisted of a residence and two sheds fronting Valley Pike. SWCA resurveyed the property in December 2021 and February 2022 and determined that the residence is still present and in the condition described in 2015. Documentation conducted in February 2022, as well as information about the resource available on VCRIS, indicates that the residence consists of one-story, double-pile brick ranch house with an attached carport (Figure 12). Figure 12. Overview of north façade of 034-5222, facing south. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 16 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION The property has retained all of the architectural elements initially recorded in 2015. Research did not identify any significant events or persons associated with this property, and the house’s design is neither outstanding nor precedent-setting, nor does it have sufficient distinctive characteristics to be representative of a type, period, style, or method of construction. For these reasons, SWCA recommends 034-5222 not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, B, or C. 034-5223 Address: 5933 Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) Stephens City, Virginia 22655 DHR Determination: not eligible (2015) SWCA Recommendation: not eligible DESCRIPTION According to the VCRIS entry for 034-5223, a 2015 survey documented a historic-age building associated with 034-5223, which consists of a one-story residence, clad in fiberboard siding, with a hip roof clad in asphalt shingles. The resource is obscured by a ca. 1990 office building currently being used as Legacy Christina Academy (Figure 13). A review of recent aerial imagery shows that the associated historic-age building is still present, behind the ca. 1990 office building. The condition of the historic-age building is unknown. Figure 13. View toward historic-age building associated with 034-5223, facing south. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 17 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION DHR determined that 034-5223 was not eligible in 2015. As more than 5 years have passed, SWCA attempted to resurvey the resource in accordance with DHR guidelines. The resource is not visible from the public ROW, due to the presence of a large office building constructed ca. 1990. A review of modern aerial imagery shows no change in the building or property since 2015. Therefore, SWCA recommends the property remain not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, B, or C. As the property could not be documented, an assessment of effect was conducted on the resource for environmental review purposes. The historic-age building on the property is located 0.72 km (0.45 mile) southwest of the project area. Between the project and the historic-age building on the property is a large area of vacant land currently vegetated in mature forest, residential development along the south side of Family Drive and north side of Valley Pike, and the modern office building that fronts Valley Pike (Figure 14). Therefore, the project will not be visible from 034-5223. SWCA recommends that the project will have no effect on the resource. Figure 14. View toward the project from 034-5223, facing northeast. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 18 034-5424 Survey Number: B25 Address: 262 Strode McLeod Lane, Winchester, Virginia 22604 Recommendation: not eligible DESCRIPTION Resource 034-5424 is a multi-building parcel with one occupied dwelling. The primary building is a historic-age house in the center of the property, and a secondary occupied modern dwelling is on the northwest side of the parcel (Figure 15). According to the Frederick County Appraisal District’s interactive tax map, the primary historic-age dwelling was constructed in 1900, which accords with available historical aerial imagery and building design. The site additionally includes an outbuilding associated with the historic-age dwelling. Figure 15. Overview of 034-5424, facing southwest. The primary historic-age dwelling is a two-story Folk Victorian–style dwelling with an I-shaped plan, a standing-seam metal cross gabled roof, and a pier and beam foundation. Two brick chimneys are visible on the roof of the dwelling. The façade of the structure faces northeast, and two 2/1 wood windows are on either side of the front door. The second story on the facade has two 2/1 wood windows. The porch is wooden, and accessible by a wooden staircase. On the southeast corner of the building, there is an enclosed, screened-in porch addition. No other openings on any elevations of the dwelling were visible from the ROW due to tree cover. The secondary building is a one-story gabled shed of simple construction, similar in materials to the primary dwelling, and oriented along the northwest–southeast axis. The siding is unpainted wood, and no openings are visible from the public ROW or the project area. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 19 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION The historic-age homestead is an example of a Folk Victorian–style house with an I-shaped plan typical of two-story farmhouses in this period. Research did not identify any significant events or persons associated with this property, and the primary building’s design is neither outstanding nor precedent- setting, nor does it have sufficient distinctive characteristics to be representative of a type, period, style, or method of construction. For these reasons, SWCA recommends 034-5424 not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, B, or C. 034-5425 Survey Number: B26 Address: 200 Strode McLeod Lane, Winchester, Virginia 22604 Recommendation: not eligible DESCRIPTION Resource 034-5425 is a multi-structure parcel (Figures 16 and 17) with one occupied dwelling. The primary dwelling is a historic-age house in the center of the property. According to the Frederick County Appraisal District’s interactive tax map, the primary historic-age dwelling was constructed in 1900, which accords with available historical aerial imagery and building design. The site additional includes two additional outbuildings visible in aerial imagery. Figure 16. Overview of eastern façade of 034-5425, facing south. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 20 Figure 17. Overview of outbuilding associated with 034-5425, facing north. The primary historic-age dwelling is a single-story vernacular-style dwelling with an I-shaped plan, a standing-seam metal cross gabled roof, vinyl siding, and a pier and beam foundation. One brick chimney is visible on the roof of the dwelling. The façade of the structure faces southeast, and there are two 6/6 vinyl windows on either side of the prefabricated front door, which is accessible from a covered, raised wooden porch with wood stairs and a ramp. There is a 1/1 vinyl window in the gable. The porch is wooden, and accessible by a wooden staircase. The southwest elevation has two 6/6 vinyl units and a secondary entrance of ordinary make. The northwest (rear) elevation has one 1/1 wood window in the gable, one 6/6 vinyl window, and an additional 2/2 wood window. The northeast elevation appears to have three window openings as well, though SWCA was unable to identify the make due to accessibility issues. The secondary buildings include a woodshed with a gabled roof, vertical wood siding, and a standing- seam metal roof. The other building visible on the aerials uses a combination of plywood, chain link, tarp, and discarded metals to create the structural elements. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION The historic-age homestead is an example of a vernacular house with an I-shaped plan typical of this region during this period. Research did not identify any significant events or persons associated with this property, and the primary building’s design is neither outstanding nor precedent-setting, nor does it have sufficient distinctive characteristics to be representative of a type, period, style, or method of construction. For these reasons, SWCA recommends 034-5425 not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, B, or C. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 21 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS This report details the background research and methodology of the Phase I archaeological survey conducted in support of the added portions of the proposed Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility in Frederick County, Virginia. The entire 21.2-acre (8.58-ha) APE was visually inspected, and 5.6 acres (2.3 ha) were systematically surveyed. No archaeological resources were identified. SWCA also evaluated four properties (034-5222, 034-5223, 034-5424, and 034-5425) within the 0.5-mile aboveground APE (Table 5). Table 5. Summary of Resources Recorded with Management Recommendations DHR # Name Type Potentially Significant? Potential Effect Recommendation 034-5222 House, 5901 Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) Dom./Dwell No Visual No further work 034-5223 Office Park, 5933 Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) Dom./Dwell – Commercial Building No Visual No further work 034-5424 House, 200 Strode McLeod Lane Dom./Dwell No Visual No further work 034-5425 House, 262 Strode McLeod Lane Dom./Dwell No Visual No further work SWCA recommends that the newly added portions of the APE will have no effect on any historic properties and that construction should be allowed to proceed as planned. SWCA also recommends that the four newly evaluated aboveground properties are not eligible for the NRHP, and as such, no further work is required. If the design of the project should change or impacts change from temporary to permanent, additional cultural resources investigations may be required. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility Addendum DHR No. 2020-0368 22 REFERENCES CITED D. J. Lake & Co. 1885 An Atlas Frederick County, Virginia. D.J. Lake & Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Digital image on file at Historic Map Works. Available at: http://www.historicmapworks.com/Atlas/US/27841/Frederick+County+1885+Copy+1/. Accessed February 16, 2022. Gryctko, Lauren 2021 Proposed Scope of Work and Plan for Phase I Identification Survey of the ±258.8 Hectare (±639.6 Acre) Bartonsville Solar Expansion in Frederick County, Virginia. Manuscript on file at the Virginia Department of Historic Resources, Richmond. Libbon, Jonathan, Hannah Curry, and Ella McIntire 2022 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility, Frederick County, Virginia. Historic Architecture Addendum. Manuscript on file at the Department of Historic Resources, Richmond, Virginia. SWCA Environmental Consultants, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Libbon, Jonathan, Benjamin Demchak, and Zack Whalen 2022 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Expansion Energy Facility, Frederick County, Virginia. Manuscript on file at the Department of Historic Resources, Richmond, Virginia. SWCA Environmental Consultants, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) 2022 Web Soil Survey. Available at: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm. Accessed February 14, 2022. Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) 2017 Guidelines for Conducting Historic Resources Survey in Virginia. DHR, Richmond, Virginia. 2022 Virginia Cultural Resource Information System (VCRIS). Electronic GIS maintained by the Virginia Department of Historic Resources, Richmond, Virginia. Accessed February 15, 2022. APPENDIX A Shovel Test Location Map APPENDIX B Soil Profiles 0 cm 18 cm 38 cm Dark Yellowish Brown (10YR4/4) Silt Loam Strong Brown (7.5YR5/6) Silty Clay Loam Shovel Test D82 *Not to Scale APPENDIX C Sketch Maps of Newly Recorded Architectural Resources Dwelling ChimneysShed Private Drive N VCRIS # 034-5424 262 Strode McLeod Ln, Stephens City, VA 22655 Surveyed 02.09.2022 NOT TO SCALE Chimney Dwelling Shed N VCRIS # 034-5425 200 Strode McLeod Ln, Stephens City, VA 22655 Surveyed 02.09.2022 NOT TO SCALE APPENDIX D Photographs of Newly Recorded Architectural Resources 0 10 20 Meters 0 60 120 Feet 1:1,500 ± Base Map: ESRI ArcGIS Online, accessed March 2022 Updated: 3/4/2022 Project No. 70225 Layout: PhotosAdded Aprx: Frederick County, VA USGS 7.5' Quadrangle: Middletown, VA, 39078-A3 Stephens City, VA, 39078-A2 NAD 1983 UTM Zone 17N 39.0684°N 78.2329°W BARTONSVILLE SOLAR EXPANSION FACILITY Photo Point Location Map 034-5223 034-5222 1 2 3 4 5 6 Historic Architecture Photo Point Project Area Historic-Aged Property Boundary Indirect APE Marlboro Rd CSK RailroadPage 2 of 2 VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 1. Overview of 034-5222 showing front façade, facing south. Photograph 2. Overview of 034-5222 showing front façade and incorporated carport, facing southeast. VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 3. Overview of 034-5222, including rear shed, facing east. Photograph 4. Overview of 034-5223 showing circa 1990 office building, facing south. VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 5. View of 034-5223 from public right-of-way, facing southeast. Photograph 6. Overview of 034-52223, facing northeast. VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 7. Overview of front (north) façade of 034-5424, facing south. Photograph 8. Overview of front (north) façade of 034-5424, facing south. VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 9. View of side (east) and front (north) facades of 034- 5424, facing southwest. Photograph 10. View of front façade (east) of 034-5425, facing west. VDHR No. 2020-0368 Photograph 11. View of rear façade (west) of 034-5425, facing east. Photograph 12. View of side (south) façade of 034-5425, facing north. APPENDIX E VCRIS Forms Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5222 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 1 of 4 Property Information Property Names Name Explanation Name Function/Location House, 5901 Valley Pike (US 11) Property Addresses Current - 5901 Valley Pike US 11 County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County) Incorporated Town(s):No Data Zip Code(s):22655 Magisterial District(s):No Data Tax Parcel(s):8 A 65 USGS Quad(s):STEPHENS CITY Property Evaluation Status DHR Staff: Not Eligible Additional Property Information Architecture Setting:Suburban Acreage:1.24 Site Description: August 2015: DHR# 034-5222 is comprised of a residence and two sheds located on a rolling 1.24-acre parcel on the southeast side of Valley Pike (US 11), approximately .04 mi northeast of its intersection with Family Drive. The residence is sited approximately 90 ft southeast of the ROW. A paved driveway provides access to the house from Valley Pike. A fence runs behind the residence, separating the house from the outbuildings. December 2021: The property retains all of the buildings and structures noted in the 2015 survey event. Surveyor Assessment: August 2015: Research has revealed no associations between DHR# 034-5222 and events or persons of historic significance, rendering it ineligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A or B. It is also not eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C. The residence represents the style and form of a Ranch house. Because this style is ubiquitous throughout the American landscape, NRHP- eligible examples must exhibit distinctive characteristics and integrity to stand out among countless examples of the type and form. While the house retains mid-century Ranch details including a recessed porch with decorative wrought-iron supports and a pierced concrete block balustrade on the carport, it does not stand apart from other similar examples found throughout the country. Furthermore, alterations, which include the installation of vinyl replacement sashes, have diminished the integrity of design, materials, and workmanship of this resource. The sheds are also not eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C, as they reflect common types and forms that are indistinguishable from countless similar examples found throughout the country. Therefore, CRA recommends that DHR# 034-5222 is not eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A, B or C. December 2021: No change in the built landscape of the property was noted from 2015. The property is recommended not eligible. Surveyor Recommendation:Recommended Not Eligible Ownership Ownership Category Ownership Entity Private No Data Primary Resource Information Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Single Dwelling NR Resource Type:Building Historic District Status:No Data Date of Construction:Ca 1964 Date Source:Local Records Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Other ID Number:No Data Architectural Style:Ranch Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5222 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 2 of 4 Form:Rectangular Number of Stories:1.0 Condition:Good Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: August 2015: Oriented to the northwest, the residence is a one-story, six-bay (ww/ww/d/www/w/d), double-pile brick Ranch house with an integrated carport. The residence rests on a full basement clad in brick veneer. It features frame construction clad in brick veneer and is sheltered by a side gable roof clad in asphalt shingles. A brick turned central interior chimney pierces the roof. Windows feature one-over-one- light double-hung vinyl replacement sashes. A tripartite window comprised of a 20-light stationary window flanked by smaller windows with four-over-four-light double-hung wood sashes is located to the right of the primary entry. Shutters flank the windows on the façade. The primary entry, which features a solid door with a storm door, opens to a three-bay recessed porch. The portion of the side gable roof that extends over the porch is supported by decorative wrought-iron supports. The carport, on the southwest elevation, is sheltered by the shed roof of the house that is supported by decorative wrought-iron supports and metal posts. A pierced concrete block balustrade runs along the southwest side of the carport. The northeast (side) elevation features two pairs of windows on the main floor and two small, single windows on the basement. December 2021: No change since previous survey. Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Brick Veneer Foundation Solid/Continuous Brick Veneer Roof Side Gable Asphalt No Data Chimneys Interior Central Brick American/Common Bond Windows Double-hung Vinyl No Data Windows Double-hung Wood No Data Porch Inset/Engaged Cast Iron Cast Metal Supports Secondary Resource Information Secondary Resource #1 Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Shed Date of Construction:1970Ca Date Source:Site Visit Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Architectural Style:No discernible style Form:Rectangular Condition:Good Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: August 2015: A one-story frame shed is located approximately 150 ft east-southeast of the rear of the residence. Oriented to the northwest, it is clad in wood panel siding and sheltered by a shed roof clad in asphalt shingles. A central entry with double-leaf cross-braced doors is flanked by small single windows. December 2021: No change since previous survey. Number of Stories:1 Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Wood Panels Roof Shed Asphalt No Data Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5222 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 3 of 4 Secondary Resource #2 Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Shed Date of Construction:1990Ca Date Source:Site Visit Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Architectural Style:No discernible style Form:Rectangular Condition:Good Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: August 2015: A second one-story frame shed is located approximately 65 ft south of the residence. Oriented to the north, it is clad in wood panel siding and is sheltered by an asphalt-shingle-clad side gable roof. The off-center entry is comprised of a double-leaf set of cross-braced doors. December 2021: No change since previous survey. Number of Stories:1 Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Wood Panels Roof Side Gable Asphalt No Data Historic District Information Historic District Name:No Data Local Historic District Name:No Data Historic District Significance:No Data CRM Events Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2020-0368 Investigator:Jonathan Libbon Organization/Company:SWCA Environmental Consultants Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:11/4/2021 Dhr Library Report Number:No Data Project Staff/Notes: 110-acre solar facility in Frederick County Project Bibliographic Information: 2021, Jonathan R. Libbon, Megan Daniels, Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Energy Expansion Facility, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Event Type: DHR Staff: Not Eligible DHR ID:034-5222 Staff Name:Marc Holma Event Date:9/19/2017 Staff Comment Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5222 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 4 of 4 2017-0400 Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2015-0333 Investigator:Steven Higgins Organization/Company:Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:8/17/2015 Dhr Library Report Number:FK-139 Project Staff/Notes: Surveyors: Steven Higgins Holly Higgins Hallie Hearnes Sarah Reynolds Jesse Harris Name: Hallie Hearnes Management Summary for an Architectural Survey of VDOT Project No.: 0081-034-720, P101; UPC: 88659, Interstate 81, Exit 307 Improvement/Relocation Study, Town of Stephens City, Virginia Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. -- February 17, 2017 DHR Project No. 2017-0400 DHR Report No. FK-139 Project Bibliographic Information: 2021, Jonathan R. Libbon, Megan Daniels, Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Energy Expansion Facility, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Bibliographic Information Bibliography: No Data Property Notes: August 2015: It is depicted on the 1966 Stephens City, Virginia topographic quadrangle. According to the Stephens City property tax assessment record, it dates to 1964. Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources Legend Architecture Resources Architecture Labels Individual Historic District Properties Archaeological Resources Archaeology Labels DHR Easements USGS GIS Place names County Boundaries Title: Architecture Labels Date: 3/3/2022 DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at DHR’s Richmond office. Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources. Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5223 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 1 of 4 Property Information Property Names Name Explanation Name Function/Location Office Park, 5933 Valley Pike (US 11) Property Addresses Current - 5933 Valley Pike US 11 County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County) Incorporated Town(s):No Data Zip Code(s):22655 Magisterial District(s):No Data Tax Parcel(s):85 A 66 USGS Quad(s):STEPHENS CITY Property Evaluation Status DHR Staff: Not Eligible Additional Property Information Architecture Setting:Suburban Acreage:5 Site Description: August 2015: DHR# 034-5223 is comprised of a residence and an office park, a series of connected structures and outbuildings, located on a relatively level 5-acre parcel on the southeast side of Valley Pike (US 11), approximately .04 mi south of its intersection with family Drive. The complex of attached structures is located approximately 100 ft southeast of the ROW. A paved driveway and parking lot provides access to the property from Valley Pike. December 2021: The property retains all of the buildings identified in 2015. Surveyor Assessment: August 2015: Research has revealed no associations between DHR# 034-5223 and events or persons of historic significance, rendering it ineligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A or B. It is also not eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C. The residence represents a common form and style of a small house constructed in the mid-twentieth century. As such, it does not exhibit distinctive characteristics and integrity to stand out among countless examples of the type and form. While the house retains mid- century details including a low-pitched hip roof with wide overhanging eaves and a tripartite window, it does not stand apart from other similar examples found throughout the country. Extensive alterations and additions have diminished the integrity of design, materials, and workmanship of the office park building and its attached outbuildings. Therefore, CRA recommends that DHR# 034- 5223 is not eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A, B or C. December 2021: No change in the built landscape of the property was noted from 2015. The property is recommended not eligible. Surveyor Recommendation:Recommended Not Eligible Ownership Ownership Category Ownership Entity Private No Data Primary Resource Information Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Single Dwelling NR Resource Type:Building Historic District Status:No Data Date of Construction:Ca 1957 Date Source:Local Records Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Other ID Number:No Data Architectural Style:Ranch Form:Rectangular Number of Stories:1.0 Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5223 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 2 of 4 Condition:Fair Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: August 2015: Oriented to the southwest, the unattached single residence associated with DHR#034-5223 is located approximately 35 ft southeast from the southwestern end of the office park building. The one-story, three-bay (w/d/www), double-pile frame dwelling is situated on a continuous concrete foundation, features frame construction clad in fiberboard siding, and is sheltered by a hip roof clad in asphalt shingles. Windows throughout feature one-over-one-light, double-hung wood sashes. The primary entry of the residence features a three-light original wood door with a metal storm door that opens to a concrete stoop. A tripartite window, comprised of a central stationary picture window flanked by smaller windows with operational sashes, is located to the right of the entry. December 2021: This property was not visible from the Public ROW but appears unchanged from 2015 in aerial imagery. Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Foundation Solid/Continuous Concrete Uncoursed Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Other Siding Roof Hipped Asphalt No Data Windows Double-hung Wood No Data Secondary Resource Information Secondary Resource #1 Resource Category:Commerce/Trade Resource Type:Office/Office Building. NR Resource Type:Building Historic District Status:No Data Not Observed:This resource was not observed during the last survey. Date of Construction:1990Ca Date Source:Site Visit Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Commerce/Trade Architectural Style:Other Form:No Data Condition:Good Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: August 2015: Oriented to the northwest, the office park is a one-story structure that features frame construction clad in brick veneer and vinyl replacement casement windows. The L-shaped section, on the southwestern end of the office park, is sheltered by a series of hipped and gable roofs clad in asphalt shingles. The rest of the façade of the building, facing toward Valley Pike features a an irregular section of the building that is sheltered by a series of metal-clad mansard roofs. Three outbuildings—a front-gabled building clad in brick veneer and sheltered by an asphalt shingle roof; a frame shed clad in plywood and sheltered by a front gable asphalt shingle roof; and a frame garage clad in fiberboard siding and sheltered by a front-gable roof clad in asphalt shingles—are attached to the rear of the northeastern end of the office park structure. December 2021: This property was not visible from the Public ROW but appears unchanged from 2015 in aerial imagery. Number of Stories:1 Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Brick Veneer Windows Casement Vinyl No Data Roof Hipped Asphalt No Data Roof Front Gable Asphalt No Data Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5223 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 3 of 4 Roof Mansard Metal No Data Historic District Information Historic District Name:No Data Local Historic District Name:No Data Historic District Significance:No Data CRM Events Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2020-0368 Investigator:Jonathan Libbon Organization/Company:SWCA Environmental Consultants Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:11/4/2021 Dhr Library Report Number:No Data Project Staff/Notes: 110-acre solar facility in Frederick County Project Bibliographic Information: 2021, Jonathan R. Libbon, Megan Daniels, Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Energy Expansion Facility, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Event Type: DHR Staff: Not Eligible DHR ID:034-5223 Staff Name:Marc Holma Event Date:9/19/2017 Staff Comment 2017-0400 Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2015-0333 Investigator:Steven Higgins Organization/Company:Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:8/17/2015 Dhr Library Report Number:FK-139 Project Staff/Notes: Surveyors: Steven Higgins Holly Higgins Hallie Hearnes Sarah Reynolds Jesse Harris Name: Hallie Hearnes Management Summary for an Architectural Survey of VDOT Project No.: 0081-034-720, P101; UPC: 88659, Interstate 81, Exit 307 Improvement/Relocation Study, Town of Stephens City, Virginia Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. -- February 17, 2017 DHR Project No. 2017-0400 DHR Report No. FK-139 Project Bibliographic Information: 2021, Jonathan R. Libbon, Megan Daniels, Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Bartonsville Energy Expansion Facility, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5223 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 4 of 4 Bibliographic Information Bibliography: No Data Property Notes: August 2015: Two long, narrow structures are depicted on the 1966 Stephens City, Virginia topographic quadrangle in this location. According to the Stephens City property tax assessment record, it dates to 1958. Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources Legend Architecture Resources Architecture Labels Individual Historic District Properties Archaeological Resources Archaeology Labels DHR Easements USGS GIS Place names County Boundaries Title: Architecture Labels Date: 3/3/2022 DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at DHR’s Richmond office. Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources. Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5424 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 1 of 3 Property Information Property Names Name Explanation Name Function/Location Residence, 262 Strode McLeod Lane Property Addresses Current - 262 Strode McLeod Lane County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County) Incorporated Town(s):No Data Zip Code(s):22655 Magisterial District(s):BACK CREEK Tax Parcel(s):21 0011078 USGS Quad(s):STEPHENS CITY Property Evaluation Status Not Evaluated Additional Property Information Architecture Setting:Rural Acreage:1.35 Site Description: February 2022: The property consists of a historic-aged residence and a secondary modern dwelling on the northwest side of the parcel. Surveyor Assessment: February 2022: The historic-age homestead is an example of a Victorian folk-style house with an I-shaped plan typical of two-story farmhouses in this period. Research did not identify any significant events or persons associated with this property, and the primary building’s design is neither outstanding nor precedent-setting, nor does it have sufficient distinctive characteristics to be representative of a type, period, style, or method of construction. For these reasons, SWCA recommends 262 Strode Mcleod Lane is not eligible for the NRHP under Criteria A, B, or C. Surveyor Recommendation:Recommended Not Eligible Ownership Ownership Category Ownership Entity Private No Data Primary Resource Information Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Single Dwelling NR Resource Type:Building Historic District Status:No Data Date of Construction:Ca 1900 Date Source:Local Records Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916) Historic Context(s):Domestic Other ID Number:No Data Architectural Style:Folk Victorian Form:I-House Number of Stories:1.0 Condition:Good Threats to Resource:Vacant Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5424 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 2 of 3 February 2022: The primary historic-age dwelling is a two-story Victorian-Folk style dwelling with an I-shaped plan, a standing-seam metal cross gabled roof, and a pier and beam foundation. There are two brick chimneys visible on the roof of the dwelling. The façade of the structure faces northeast, and there are two 2/1 wood windows on either side of the front door. The second story on the facade has two 2/1 wood windows. The porch is wooden, and accessible by a wooden staircase. On the southeast corner of the building, there is an enclosed, screened-in porch addition. No other openings on any elevations of the dwelling were visible from the ROW due to tree cover. Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Chimneys Interior End Brick Coursed Chimneys Interior End Brick Coursed Roof Complex Metal No Data Structural System and Exterior Treatment Not Visible Vinyl Weatherboard Porch Portico/Entry Porch Wood Posts Porch 1-Story Partial Width No Data Screened/Enclosed Windows Fixed No Data No Data Foundation Not Visible No Data No Data Secondary Resource Information Secondary Resource #1 Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Shed Date of Construction:1980Ca Date Source:Map Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Architectural Style:Vernacular Form:No Data Condition:Fair Threats to Resource:Vacant Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: February 2022: One-story gabled shed of simple construction, like in materials to the primary dwelling, and oriented along the NW-SE axis. The siding is unpainted wood, and no openings are visible from the ROW. Number of Stories:1 Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Structural System and Exterior Treatment Wood Frame Wood Panels Roof Front Gable Metal No Data Historic District Information Historic District Name:No Data Local Historic District Name:No Data Historic District Significance:No Data CRM Events Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2020-0368 Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5424 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 3 of 3 Investigator:Jonathan Libbon Organization/Company:SWCA Environmental Consultants Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:2/7/2022 Dhr Library Report Number:No Data Project Staff/Notes: 110-acre solar facility in Frederick County Project Bibliographic Information: 2022 Jonathan R. Libbon, Hannah Curry, Ella McIntry Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Bartonsville Solar Project, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Bibliographic Information Bibliography: No Data Property Notes: No Data Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources Legend Architecture Resources Architecture Labels Individual Historic District Properties Archaeological Resources Archaeology Labels DHR Easements USGS GIS Place names County Boundaries Title: Architecture Labels Date: 3/3/2022 DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at DHR’s Richmond office. Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources. Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5425 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 1 of 3 Property Information Property Names Name Explanation Name Function/Location Residence, 200 Strode McLeod Lane Property Addresses Current - 200 Strode McLeod Lane County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County) Incorporated Town(s):No Data Zip Code(s):22655 Magisterial District(s):BACK CREEK Tax Parcel(s):21 0011078 USGS Quad(s):STEPHENS CITY Property Evaluation Status Not Evaluated Additional Property Information Architecture Setting:Rural Acreage:.77 Site Description: February 2022: Resource B26 is a multi-structure parcel with one occupied dwelling. The primary dwelling is a historic-age house in the center of the property. Surveyor Assessment: February 2022: The historic-age homestead is an example of a vernacular house with an I-shaped plan typical of this region during this period. Research did not identify any significant events or persons associated with this property, and the primary building’s design is neither outstanding nor precedent-setting, nor does it have sufficient distinctive characteristics to be representative of a type, period, style, or method of construction. Surveyor Recommendation:Recommended Not Eligible Ownership Ownership Category Ownership Entity Private No Data Primary Resource Information Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Single Dwelling NR Resource Type:Building Historic District Status:No Data Date of Construction:Ca 1900 Date Source:Local Records Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916) Historic Context(s):Domestic Other ID Number:No Data Architectural Style:Vernacular Form:I-House Number of Stories:1.0 Condition:Good Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5425 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 2 of 3 February 2022: The primary historic-age dwelling is a single-story vernacular style dwelling with an I-shaped plan, a standing-seam metal cross gabled roof, vinyl siding, and a pier and beam foundation. There is one brick chimney visible on the roof of the dwelling. The façade of the structure faces southeast, and there are two 6/6 vinyl windows on either side of the prefabricated front door, which is accessible from a covered, raised wooden porch with wood stairs and a ramp. There is a 1/1 vinyl window in the gable. The porch is wooden, and accessible by a wooden staircase. The southwest elevation has 2 6/6 vinyl units and a secondary entrance of ordinary make. The northwest (rear) elevation has 1 1/1 wood window in the gable, 1 6/6 vinyl window, and an additional 2/2 wood window. The northeast elevation appears to have 3 window openings as well, though the make is unclear due to accessibility issues. Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Chimneys Interior Central Brick Coursed Foundation Solid/Continuous Concrete Coursed Porch 1-Story Partial Width Wood Posts Roof Cross Gable Metal No Data Structural System and Exterior Treatment Not Visible Vinyl Weatherboard Windows Fixed Vinyl No Data Secondary Resource Information Secondary Resource #1 Resource Category:Domestic Resource Type:Shed Date of Construction:1980Ca Date Source:Map Historic Time Period:The New Dominion (1946 - 1991) Historic Context(s):Domestic Architectural Style:Vernacular Form:No Data Condition:Fair Threats to Resource:None Known Cultural Affiliations:Indeterminate Cultural Affiliation Details: No Data Architectural Description: February 2022: The building consists of a woodshed with a gabled roof, vertical wood siding, and a standing seam metal roof. Number of Stories:1 Exterior Components Component Component Type Material Material Treatment Roof Front Gable Metal No Data Structural System and Exterior Treatment Not Visible Wood Vertical Board Historic District Information Historic District Name:No Data Local Historic District Name:No Data Historic District Significance:No Data CRM Events Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance Project Review File Number:2020-0368 Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-5425 Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data March 03, 2022 Page: 3 of 3 Investigator:Jonathan Libbon Organization/Company:SWCA Environmental Consultants Photographic Media:Digital Survey Date:2/7/2022 Dhr Library Report Number:No Data Project Staff/Notes: 110-acre solar facility in Frederick County Project Bibliographic Information: 2022 Jonathan R. Libbon, Hannah Curry, Ella McIntry Benjamin Demchak, Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Bartonsville Solar Project, Frederick County, Virginia, SWCA, DHR Project No. 2020-0368 Bibliographic Information Bibliography: No Data Property Notes: No Data Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources Legend Architecture Resources Architecture Labels Individual Historic District Properties Archaeological Resources Archaeology Labels DHR Easements USGS GIS Place names County Boundaries Title: Architecture Labels Date: 3/3/2022 DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at DHR’s Richmond office. Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.