HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-22 BOS Staff ReportCONDITIONAL USE PERMIT #02-22
Redbud Run Solar, LLC
Staff Report for the Board of Supervisors
Prepared: April 4, 2022
Staff Contact: M. Tyler Klein, AICP, Senior Planner
This report is prepared by the Frederick County Planning Staff to provide information to the
Planning Commission and the Board of Supervisors to assist them in making a decision on this
request. It may also be useful to others interested in this zoning matter.
Reviewed Action
Planning Commission: 03/02/22 Recommended Approval
Board of Supervisors: 04/13/22 Pending
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
This is a request for a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) to enable construction of an approximately
263-acre +/- utility scale solar power generating facility on RA (Rural Areas) Zoned property in
the Stonewall Magisterial District.
In response to feedback recieved during the Planning Commission discussion and public hearing
on March 2, 2022, the Concept Plan has been amended to incorporate those comments (dated
March 10, 2022). The following revisions have been made:
• Increase the side/rear setbacks to a minimum of 100-feet;
• Added supplemental screening to address concerns of neighboring property owner
(included in Landscape Buffer “B” on Sheet 3); and
• Revised section detail and notes for Landscape Buffer “B” to provide 100% evergreen
plantings and allowed for varied spacing based on topography and existing conditions
(Sheet 3).
Should the Board of Supervisors find this use for a utility-scale solar power generating facility to
be appropriate, the Planning Commission has recommended following Conditions of Approval:
1. All review agency comments provided during the review of this application shall be
complied with at all times.
2. An engineered site plan, in accordance with the requi rements of Article VIII of the
Fredrick County Zoning Ordinance, shall be submitted to and subject to approval by
Frederick County prior to the establishment of the use. The site plan shall address
additional regulations for specific uses outlined in §165-204.26 of the Frederick County
Zoning Ordinance and be in general conformance with the Concept Plan, included with
the CUP application, prepared by Greenway Engineering, dated March 10, 2022.
3. Pursuant to Code of Virginia §15.2-2241.2(B), the owner shall comply with the
Decommissioning Plan, included with the CUP application, prepared by Oriden, and shall
update the Decommissioning Plan every five (5) years.
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CUP #02-22 – Redbud Run Solar, LLC
April 4, 2022
4. Within thirty (30) days after the Commercial Operation Date, the Applicant shall make a
one-time payment to the County in the amount of Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand
Dollars ($250,000.00). These conditions shall be memorialized in a solar siting
agreement with Frederick County, attached as Exhibit A of these Conditions, pursuant to
Code of Virginia Section 15.2-2316.6 et seq.
5. Batteries, for the purposes of mass storage of electricity that will eventually be
transferred to the grid, shall not be used on the properties subject to this CUP.
6. Access to the site shall be limited to three (3) entrances from Woods Mill Road (Route
660), so to provide one (1) entrance to each solar array land bay. One (1) entrance from
Pine Road (Route 661) to be used only during the period of construction shall also per
permitted. Approval of the final site entrance locations from Woods Mill Road is subject
to review and approval by the Virginia Department of Transportation at time of site plan.
7. Pile-driving of poles for solar arrays shall be limited to 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Monday
through Friday. All other construction activities are permitted 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.
Monday through Friday and 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturday. No construction
activities are permitted on Sundays or federal holidays.
8. Any expansion or modification of this land use will require the approval of a new CUP.
Following this public hearing, a decision regarding this Conditional Use Permit application by
the Board of Supervisors would be appropriate. The Applicant should be prepared to
adequately address all concerns raised by the Board of Supervisors.
Any recommendation for approval also affirms that the proposed solar facility is in
accordance with the Comprehensive Plan.
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CUP #02-22 – Redbud Run Solar, LLC
April 4, 2022
LOCATION: The properties are generally located east of Woods Mill Road (Route 660) and
north of Pine Road (Route 661), approximately 0.5-mile north of Berryville Pike (Route 7).
MAGISTERIAL DISTRICT: Stonewall
PROPERTY ID NUMBERS: 55-A-136, 55-A-137, 55A-1-19, 55A-1-21, 55-A-135, 55-A-134,
44-A-297, 44-A-294A, and 44-A-295
PROPERTY ZONING & PRESENT USE:
Zoned: RA (Rural Areas)
Land Use: Agricultural, Forestal, Residential* & Vacant
*Existing residential uses on proposed interconnection parcels only.
ADJOINING PROPERTY ZONING & PRESENT USE:
North: RA (Rural Areas) Use: Agricultural/Forestal/Residential
South: RA (Rural Areas) Use: Agricultural/Forestal/Residential
East: RA (Rural Areas) Use: Agricultural/Forestal/ Residential
West: RA (Rural Areas) Use: Agricultural/Forestal/ Residential
PROPOSED USE: This is a request for a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) to enable construction
of an approximately 263-acre +/- utility scale solar power generating facility.
REVIEW EVALUATIONS:
Virginia Department of Transportation:
We have completed our review of the Redbud Solar Glare Study. Based on the information
provided by Pennoni, it is understood there will be no negative glare impacts to the users of the
roadways. We are satisfied with the findings of this report and have no objections to the study.
The only outstanding item to address is the previous comment which follows:
The CUP and supplement identifies multiple entrance locations to serve the facility. Some for
construction and some to be permanent. The supplement provided details on the sight distance
for the proposed locations. You have identified an existing private entrance as “Alternative 1.”
The sight distance profile and your supplement clearly show this entrance not meeting minimum
sight distance requirements for safe access. In accordance with VDOT Access Management
Regulations (24VAC30-73) VDOT will not permit a commercial entrance without meeting
minimum sight distance requirements. This entrance needs to be removed from the proposal.
There are other locations proposed that meet minimum sight distance requirements and provide
safe ingress/egress for those coming to the facility as well as the motorist traveling on the
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roadway.
See comment letter dated February 16, 2022.
Frederick County Fire Marshal:
Plans approved by Fire Marshal, Frederick County.
See comment letter dated November 10, 2021.
Frederick County Inspections:
Conditional Use Permit for installation of solar arrays shall be designed per the 2018 Virginia
Building Code, U-Utility Use Group.
Solar panel installation not associated with publicly regulated utilities require permits. Plans
submitted for permits may require the design to be sealed by a Registered Design Professional
licensed in the State of Virginia. Arrays shall be designed for the applicable loads as required in
Chapter 16 Virginia Building Code.
Please note the requirements in Chapter 17 of Virginia Building Code for special inspection
requirements on the type of structure (soil, concrete etc.).
See comment letter dated October 9, 2021.
Frederick County Public Works:
We offer following comments: We will need to review comprehensive site plan including
stormwater and erosion and sediment control. A Frederick County Land disturbance will need to
be obtained prior to any site development. The stormwater and erosion and sediment control
plans must comply with County Code Chapter 143 and Virginia Law & Regulations.
See comment letter dated December 15, 2021.
Winchester-Frederick County Health Department:
The proposed project will not require an approved water supply or sewage disposal.
See comment letter dated December 18, 2020.
Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB):
The Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) considered this Conditional Use
Permit application during their meeting on November 16, 2021. This application seeks to construct
a utility scale solar project located on three parcels of land that total 264 acres. The site is located
on the eastern side of Woods Mill Road (Rt 660), north Pine Road (Rt. 661), approximately 0.5-
mile north of Berryville Pike (Rt. 7) in Winchester.
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Following their review of this application, the HRAB recommended approval of the Conditional
Use Permit. The HRAB in their review recommended that the Applicant consider the utilization of
methods such as ground penetrating radar (GPR) or terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR)
to document the present of archeologic objects or sites.
See comment letter dated December 3, 2021.
Planning and Zoning:
Proposal, Site Configuration & Interconnection
The application proposes use of nine (9) properties totaling approximately 447-acres +/- of RA
(Rural Areas) Zoning District property, primarily used for agriculture, to generate photovoltaic
(solar) electricity. Approximately 263-acres the subject parcels (four (4) lots – all
vacant/agricultural in use) will be utilized (disturbed) for the installation of rows of ground-
mounted photovoltaic modules, commonly known as solar panels, other necessary equipment for
facility operations, access paths, fencing and landscaping. The solar panels will generate up to
30-megawatts (MW) and will be interconnected, and the power generated by each solar panel
will be combined, converted, and the voltage increased to allow delivery of the power to the
nearby Redbud-Gaylord overhead transmission lines. The Impact Analysis Statement notes that
interconnection applications were submitted to PJM Interconnection (“PJM”) and
Rappahannock in July 2020 and studies are in progress. An Interconnection Agreement is
expected to be executed for the Project in 2022.
The proximity of the project to the existing transmission line was a significant factor in the
selection of these properties for the development of the facility. The parcels outside for the 263-
acres sited with solar arrays will be used only for underground interconnection (as shown on
Sheet 3 of the Concept Plan).
In protecting the viewshed and mitigate the visual impact to neighboring properties in the
vicinity of the property the Applicant has proposed buffering and screening around the perimeter
of the property, in addition to maintaining existing mature woodlands (where feasible), to shield
view of the facility from adjacent roadways, residences, and other agriculture uses. The proposed
landscaping is a 10-foot (FT) wide planting strip (double row of 6-foot-tall evergreen trees) or at
least 50-FT of mature woodlands.
Additionally, the project as proposed does not include any batteries for the purposes of mass
storage of electricity that will eventually be transferred into the grid. Small batteries will only be
utilized as backup for solar tracker motors, substation, and associated equipment. No substation
will be required by the project; the power generated will be delivered to the overhead
transmission lines through an underground interconnection. All inverters are centrally located to
the site, ensuring they do not impact adjoining properties/residences (potential for noise).
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Site Access & Transportation:
Vehicular access to the site is proposed from Woods Mill Road (Route 660) to each of the
project’s three (3) solar array land bays. A temporary construction entrance is proposed from
Pine Road (Route 661). The proposed entrances are noted on Sheet 3 of the Concept Plan. The
final entrance configuration will be determined at time of site plan review and be subject to
VDOT review and approval.
Additionally, as part of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) review, a Glare
Assessment Report, was provided to analyze potential impacts of glare from the facility (solar
arrays) to adjoining roadways (Woods Mill Road & Pine Road). The report notes the proposed
project contains favorable topography with existing vegetation that provides natural
concealment while minimizing the nature and extent of viewshed impacts [and] where existing
vegetation does not exist or is otherwise insufficient, supplemental landscaping will be planted.
Finally, the report concludes that coupled with the site’s favorable topography, the combination
of tree preservation and new landscape plantings will mitigate potential visual impacts at
adjacent roads.
Staff notes Future Route 37 Bypass also bisects the site where solar arrays will be located. The
future alignment is shown on the Concept Plan, Sheet 3, for reference purposes only. The
Concept Plan also includes notation regarding how the project is being sited to mitigate future
impacts should Route 37 be constructed across the site, including siting of inverter equipment
and site access outside of the planned right-of-way and removal of any panels necessary to
accommodate the roadway (refer to “Notes” on Sheet 3).
Comprehensive Plan Conformance:
The Comprehensive Plan envisions this area of the County to remain primarily rural in nature
and for rural areas to be preserved to ensure the economic viability of agricultural and forestal
operations and that those lands are present for the use and enjoyment of future generations
(Chapter II – Rural Areas). Further the plan specifically states as it relates to solar that utility
scale solar facilities are typically passive uses with limited impacts to the environment and the
rural character. Additionally, implementation of this use can facilitate the preservation of
agricultural and rural land for future use once these sites are decommissioned, although the
extent to which the use removes agricultural and rural land from current use should also be
considered. Utility-scale solar facilities, when located in appropriate areas, can provide
opportunities for landowners to recoup value from their property without subdividing. The Code
of Virginia also enables localities implementing solar facilities to tax this utility infrastructure
through the machinery and tools tax or revenue-share agreements with utility operators,
generating additional tax revenue beyond the land use assessment. This additional revenue can
help the County offset impacts from residential development (Chapter IV – Business
Development).
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The project, as proposed, is in accordance with Comprehensive Plan policies. The project will
not adversely impact the rural character of the area or the adjoining agricultural and residential
uses. The preservation of the underlying land through the solar facility siting agreement
(discussed below) maintains the ability to use the property for agriculture in the future if and
when the facility is decommissioned. Maintaining the existing topography of the site, utilizing
existing vegetation and planting new buffers to screen the facility will preserve the rural
viewshed from adjoining properties. Further, the included Decommissioning Plan ensures a
monetary guarantee to cover associated cost with the restoration of the land to it pre-
development state and ability of the land to be use for agricultural purposes again (if so desired)
in the future.
Zoning Ordinance Conformance:
Utility-scale solar power generating facilities are a permitted use in the RA (Rural Areas) Zoning
District with an approved Conditional Use Permit (CUP). The Board of Supervisors added
“utility-scale solar power generating facilities” to the Zoning Ordinance on January 8, 2020,
including additional regulations for specific uses. These additional regulations further specify for
utility-scale solar power generating facilities to prepare an engineered site plan and enter into a
written agreement with Frederick County for facility decommissioning.
The Zoning Ordinance requirements for “Public Utilities” including “utility-scale solar power
generating facilities” (§165-204.26) specifies the Zoning Administrator has the authority to
determine appropriate setbacks for lots. The Applicant has proposed setbacks for the solar arrays
(panels) for this project as follows: a minimum 100-FT side/rear setbacks (from adjoining
properties), and a minimum 200-FT setbacks from Agricultural and Forestal Districts. The
provided setbacks are noted and shown on Sheet 3 of the Concept Plan.
Decommissioning Plan:
A draft Decommissioning Plan included with the application materials (Attachment 7 – Impact
Analysis Statement), satisfies requirements contained in §165-204.26 of the Zoning Ordinance,
ensuring that in the event the facility is no longer in operation, the land will be returned to the
pre-development condition with all solar infrastructure and related facilities removed, ensuring
future viability of the land to resume agricultural operations. Further, proposed condition of
approval #3 ensures that Frederick County would maintain a bond that is updated every five (5)
years keeping it up to date.
Solar Siting Agreement:
The applicant will also propose consideration before the Board of Supervisors a “solar siting
agreement.” Solar siting agreements are outlined in the Code of Virginia § 15.2-2316.7; the code
states any applicant for a solar project, or an energy storage project shall give to the host
locality written notice of the applicant's intent to locate in such locality and request a meeting.
Such applicant shall meet, discuss, and negotiate a siting agreement with such locality. The
siting agreement may include terms and conditions, including (i) mitigation of any impacts of
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such solar project or energy storage project; (ii) financial compensation to the host locality to
address capital needs set out in the (a) capital improvement plan adopted by the host locality, (b)
current fiscal budget of the host locality, or (c) fiscal fund balance policy adopted by the host
locality; or (iii) assistance by the applicant in the deployment of broadband, as defined in § 56-
585.1:9, in such locality. The solar siting agreement legislation took effect July 1, 2021 and
applies only to projects submitted on or after January 1, 2021.
For the Redbud Run Solar Project, the siting agreement specifies that within thirty (30) after the
commercial operation date, the Applicant shall make a one-time payment to the County in the
amount of $250,000.00. These conditions are memorialized in a solar siting agreement with
Frederick County, pursuant to Code of Virginia Section 15.2-2316.6 et seq. Ultimately, approval
of the siting agreement is an action of the Frederick County Board of Supervisors.
Other Permitting:
In addition to requirements contained in the Zoning Ordinance, the Applicant will pursue a
“Permit-by-Rule” (PBR) application through the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
(DEQ). The PBR is a state-level administrative review and approval process for the siting of
solar energy facilities in the Commonwealth, including environmental and cultural review and
study. One component of the state required PBR review is local jurisdiction “approval” of solar
project siting; this CUP application, if approved by the Frederick County Board of Supervisors,
would satisfy that requirement enabling proceeding with PBR approval process for this project.
On March 29, 2022, DEQ issued new guidance on post-development stormwater management
for solar facilities. DEQ will treat solar panels as “unconnected impervious areas” when
calculating post-development water quantity and water quality. This change in the guidance may
have a significant impact on the development of solar facilities. Additional acreage may be
required at time of final engineering to be developed with stormwater management facilities to
handle impervious areas (solar panel) runoff. Additional stormwater facilities with these facilities
may impact preservation of existing topography and features on sites approved for solar facilities
and solar facility decommissioning and restoring sites to a pre-development condition.
PLANNING COMMISSION SUMMARY AND ACTION FROM 03/02/22 MEETING:
The Planning Commission held a public hearing on the proposed conditional use permit on
March 3, 2022. The primary discussion among the Planning Commission was setbacks from
adjoining properties, the potential future impact of Route 37 Bypass, interconnection to the
overhead transmission lines and Comprehensive Plan conformance. One (1) member of the
public spoke in support of the application; the speaker also expressed a desire for the developer
to work with her to ensure sufficient screening from her property. The Planning Commission
unanimously (Commissioner Manuel – absent) recommended approval of the CUP application.
STAFF CONCLUSION FOR THE 04/13/22 BOARD OF SUPERVISORS MEETING:
This is a request for a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) to enable construction of an approximately
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April 4, 2022
263-acre +/- utility scale solar power generating facility on RA (Rural Areas) Zoned property in
the Stonewall Magisterial District.
In response to feedback recieved during the Planning Commission discussion and public hearing
on March 2, 2022, the Concept Plan has been amended to incorporate those comments (dated
March 10, 2022). The following revisions have been made:
• Increase the side/rear setbacks to a minimum of 100-feet;
• Added supplemental screening to address concerns of neighboring property owner
(included in Landscape Buffer “B” on Sheet 3); and
• Revised section detail and notes for Landscape Buffer “B” to provide 100% evergreen
plantings and allowed for varied spacing based on topography and existing conditions
(Sheet 3).
Should the Board of Supervisors find this use for a utility-scale solar power generating facility to
be appropriate, the Planning Commission has recommended the following Conditions of
Approval:
1. All review agency comments provided during the review of this application shall be
complied with at all times.
2. An engineered site plan, in accordance with the requirements of Article VIII of the
Fredrick County Zoning Ordinance, shall be submitted to and subject to approval by
Frederick County prior to the establishment of the use. The site plan shall address
additional regulations for specific uses outlined in §165-204.26 of the Frederick County
Zoning Ordinance and be in general conformance with the Concept Plan, included with
the CUP application, prepared by Greenway Engineering, dated March 10, 2022.
3. Pursuant to Code of Virginia §15.2-2241.2(B), the owner shall comply with the
Decommissioning Plan, included with the CUP application, prepared by Oriden, and shall
update the Decommissioning Plan every five (5) years.
4. Within thirty (30) days after the Commercial Operation Date, the Applicant shall make a
one-time payment to the County in the amount of Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand
Dollars ($250,000.00). These conditions shall be memorialized in a solar siting
agreement with Frederick County, attached as Exhibit A of these Conditions, pursuant to
Code of Virginia Section 15.2-2316.6 et seq.
5. Batteries, for the purposes of mass storage of electricity that will eventually be
transferred to the grid, shall not be used on the properties subject to this CUP.
6. Access to the site shall be limited to three (3) entrances from Woods Mill Road (Route
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660), so to provide for one (1) entrance to each solar array land bay. One (1) entrance
from Pine Road (Route 661) to be used only during the period of construction shall also
per permitted. Approval of the final site entrance locations from Woods Mill Road is
subject to review and approval by the Virginia Department of Transportation at time of
site plan.
7. Pile-driving of poles for solar arrays shall be limited to 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Monday
through Friday. All other construction activities are permitted 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.
Monday through Friday and 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturday. No construction
activities are permitted on Sundays or federal holidays.
8. Any expansion or modification of this land use will require the approval of a new CUP.
Following this public hearing, a decision regarding this Conditional Use Permit
application by the Board of Supervisors would be appropriate. The Applicant should be
prepared to adequately address all concerns raised by the Board of Supervisors.
Any recommendation for approval also affirms that the proposed solar facility is in
accordance with the Comprehensive Plan.