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Home My WebLink About05-01 Comments (2)04/UU/01 111:31 FAX 70372€x1.=1.15 FALCON RIDGE HOMES 2001 5HANNEE AND SANITARY DISTRICT ADWSORY COMMITTEE 150 Tomahawk Trail Wil Shegm, VA 22602 Join 4tiicy, County Administrator Frederick County Board of Supervisors 107 forth Rent Street Whichester, VA 22601 Thursday, Apn105, 2001 17elar Mr. Riley' D~irg otiu regularly scheduled montHy m wting April 2, 200 1, the %cpairttnmt of Fir4 and Resc uo explained their iatemst in :ash ShawriMandproper y at the top of the mouniaw to -Ivct a communications IM; -r. The Shawlee�land Sawtm-y District Advisory Committee went into executive session to discuss the terms of such an action. Vle l z ose: to onti-ight sale for Lots 270, 271, 272, 273, 276, 2 77, 278 and 279 for $500 per lot All cost of transfer to be paid by the Fire and kesci: E�parimert and the Si cf/ff's depammnt • Thil Advisory COM=tto; has anal approval of'4c: sate plans A buffer zone of trees .for privacy screening be ma antaiped_. + the jc.,arly cost of the improved property- Sanitary District tau; raw. Currently at S370. Respeotfully s0wAcd, a4/1 C.X1� % Qi - lYlrtQ tsJE7 .._� Charity . _ lements ChaifP1f*n, Samtaq "Stnci Advisory Committee eche OaAwood, Leaton«.6. C 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 To: Sheriff Robert T. Williamson Date: November 16, 2000 Re: Purchase Order 17682 By: Stephen J. Cuccio Jr. �jw Introduction Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 1 of 11 This document describes RF testing performed at the following sites: North Mountain, Tasker Road, Frederick County Middle School, Shawne( Cannery. These tests were performed to establish performance benchmarks of existing communications equipment. The tests were carried out usinj the following equipment: Hewlett Packard HP8920 signal analyzer, Bird 8343 3dB power attenuator, Bird 43 wattmeter and slug (for secondar, power measurements), HP778D directional coupler, Fluke 8060A RMS voltmeter, Autek Research RF -5 VSWR analyzer, telephone bridging transformer, Tektronix 475A 200 lvlHz scope, and RG -142 Teflon cable assemblies. The following sections contain a site by site commentary to th( results of the tests. Test Notes • Normal telephone interface levels are regarded as between —13 and —3 dBm, with a maximum of +6 dBm before clipping per Belcor( specifications (dBm in this instances equals 1 milliwatt into a 600 ohm load). • Benchmarks for average speech audio levels were substituted by using a 1 kHz tone with a +/- 3 kHz peak deviation. The radios are designed tc provide +/- 5 kHz peak deviation before clipping (audio distortion). • Cable loss during RF measurements affected readings by less than 0.2 dB. • Receiver desensing tests were; done by inserting the HP778D directional coupler between the radio and antenna, keying the transmitter an( observing receiver sensitivity variations for several minutes. In full duplex cases, the transmitter alone did not desense the receiver, but the addition of other co -site transmitters had profound impacts as noted in test data. • In all cases, both receivers and transmitters were within the specified accuracy of their assigned frequencies. Oahwood Pecttonio,t-f, C, 2 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 North Mountain Sheriffs Radio Channel 1 (Tested 10/15/00) The Motorola MSR -2000 is configured as a repeater using two pairs of telephone lines, one for receive audio and the other for transmit audio. Tone signaling is used for controlling the transmitter. This radio repeats received radio transmissions from both dispatch and mobiles. This system has an integral duplexer filter assembly built into the rack which is internally cabled, so all RF tests were performed at the antenna port of the duplexer. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity measured 0.5 microvolts from the specified 0.35 microvolts. This represents a power change of 3 dB and relates to a coverage decrease of 25% of the expected receive footprint. Since the Tasker Road radio sensitivity measured 0.35 microvolts with its own internal duplexer, it is thought that North Mountain can be improved to meet spec through minor adjustment. It should be noted that any adjustment to the duplexer be performed with either a scaler network analyzer or a highly sensitive spectrum analyzer (preferably on the bench). The receiver audio drive level into the telephone line was adequate although the audio returned back to the transmitter was adjusted 6 dB too high (twice as loud to the ear), resulting in distortion of the rebroadcasted mobile audio. Since the transmit audio level sensitivity was measured within normal telephone specification limits, it can be deduced that the internal modulation sensitivity of the transmitter is set too high. A receiver desense test was performed only to check the effect the transmitter being keyed. This test did not include any co -site signals introduced through the antenna. This was due to a rush to complete testing after it was discovered that disabling North Mountain resulted in complete loss of mobile to mobile communications. Tasker Road does not handle voted mobile audio, only dispatch audio. It should be mentioned that RF carrier levels from co -site transmitters were in excess of the signal handling capabilities specified for this radio (see test data). A further interference study is warranted to determine the severity of this problem, although an immediate recommendation would be to re -locate the antenna away from other VHF high band communications systems located on the same tower. In all, thirteen antennas were counted on a tower approximately 150 feet tall, which may prevent an easy solution to interference from other services. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. The transmitter power level was lower than expected at 74 watts. The radio is specified at 110 watts maximum, which is 1.7 dB higher. This Joss may be attributed to the duplexer, but no model or manufacturer's label was present to obtain specifications for this unit. Oahwood Elecitonics,,Atf. 3 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 Visual Inspection • Back-up battery has corrosion on the terminals • Antenna connector was loose when first removed for testing. • Ground system is not adequate to sustain a lightning strike to the telephone or utility service. A single number 10 gauge wire was mechanically attached to what appeared to be an aluminum wire, without any anti -oxidant grease applied at the joint. The aluminum wire disappeared through a wall into the generator room, but was not attached to the tower grounding system or any other visible ground rod. The tower and shelter grounds must be bonded together per National Electrical Code to prevent a difference of voltage potential if lightning enters through the telephone or utility service. • Factory installed surge protectors were disconnected from the receive audio entry point inside the radio rack. • A small disc ceramic capacitor was soldered across the DC battery leads at the radio connector. These leads were exposed and could be accidentally shorted if moved, resulting in loss of service or incineration of the battery wire. Any filtering device must be placed within the radio enclosure, not only for proper RF filtering, but for safety issues when dealing with high DC currents. • Two volts peak to peak of RF was measured across the telephone lines (differentially) at the surge protector on the radio. This RF was attributed to 91.3 MHz WTRM. Filtering on both the power supply and the telephone entry points will need to be improved to reduce the occurrence of WTRM audio from being broadcast on this radio. • The radio transmitter is still functional when introducing mobile signals at the antenna, despite the North Mountain voter card removal. This transmitter cannot be disabled from the EOC with regard to mobile signal repeating. • There is no UHF back-up radio present at the North Mountain site as previously thought. • There is no secondary system that will provide mobile to mobile communications on channel 1. • Rodent feces were found throughout equipment and shelter. Despite the destruction of equipment by the corrosive nature of animal urine, this is a health hazard to anyone breathing in the dust while working in the shelter. 77,, d of 11 akw®�►dcolElecitoltics,a to ice of%ff 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 North Mountain Fire and Rescue Radio Channel 1 (Tested 10/15/00) The :Motorola MTR-2000 radio is configured as a remote base using a single pair of telephone lines which electrically switch between transmit and receive audio. Tone signaling is used for controlling the transmitter and changing radio channels. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity could not be measured down to 12 dB SINAD because the squelch setting closed the receiver down at 1 microvolt. The SINAD measured at 1 microvolt was approximately 15 dB, so the receiver may be close to spec. A observation was made regarding the high squelch setting which revealed a combination of interference from other services on the same channel, as well as random noise breaking squelch. This high squelch setting results in a loss of greater than 37 % of the coverage footprint, which is detrimental to handheld users trying to talk back to the dispatch outside a radius of 5 miles. A receive desense test was performed. The Sheriff's repeater was keyed up while observing the receiver sensitivity. While this did not cause immediate desensing, an occasional burst would occur and reduce the receiver sensitivity by about 6 dB, which is the equivalent to a 50 % coverage loss. RF power from the Sheriff's transmitter was entering this radio at a level just beyond the threshold of spurious rejection (-10 dBm). An additional high level signal at 155.660 MHz was found to exacerbate the problem when both transmitters were on simultaneously. Receiver audio drive level into the telephone line as a little on the low side at —15.7 dBm. A 10 dB increase at the radio (and a subsequent decrease at the EOC) would provide for better signal to noise over the telephone system. The transmit audio sensitivity was not tested due to time constraints. These constraints were based upon the lack of coverage during down time by using only the Tasker Road back-up system. The coverage was not thought to be adequate to dispatch into the southwest end of the county from Tasker Road (North Mountain Fire Hall). The transmitter power level was lower than expected at 87 watts. The radio is specified at 100 watts maximum. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. Visual Inspection • No ground for lightning protection. • No battery back-up for instantaneous recovery; relies on the generator starting up. Oakwood E1ecttoiUci,.t-.t-e.- 5 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Tasker Road Sheriffs Radio Channel 1 (Tested 10/29/00) The M:TR-2000 radio is configured as a remote base station, not as a repeater, despite installed duplexers. Tone signaling is used for controlling the transmitter. No mobile audio is retransmitted from this system, only dispatch audio. When this transmitter is not used for broadcasting the dispatch during normal conditions, the receiver is used as a secondary remote receiver in conjunction with the voting comparator. This allows the received audio from this site to be re -broadcast by the North Mountain transmitter (if the signal quality is better than the other radio sites). It is significant to say that this current configuration will not provide a suitable back-up system to North Mountain, since it will not support mobile to mobile communications by itself. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity is within spec. The transmitter is lower than expected at 63 watts compared to its spec of 100 watts (2 dB lower). This reduction appears to be consistent with the North Mountain transmitter power and may be accounted for by the loss of the duplexer, although there is no current set of documentation to support this. The receive audio drive level into the telephone line was within limits, but could be increased about 6 dB to improve the signal to noise over the telephone line. The transmitter audio sensitivity was set too high, which resulted in hum and noise from the telephone line to become noticeable during testing. The transmit audio input level should be increased to at least —13 dBm as measured at the telephone entry in the shelter to provide +/- 3 kHz peak deviation of transmitted signal (using a 1 kHz tone). The current setting is down at —22 dBm. The most noticeable problem with this radio was its receiver desensitization when the Tasker Road Fire and Rescue transmitter was keyed. The receiver was desensed by 12 dB which results in a reduction of receiver coverage of 66 %. This would mean complete blockage of hand held radion in the Stephens City area and marginal coverage with the mobiles for that same area. The amount of power introduced into the receiver when the Fire and Rescue transmitter was keyed was 100 milliwatts. This is significantly close to the threshold of destruction for most receiver front ends. Motorola does not spec maximum non-destructive input power to the receiver, but it is between 100 milliwatts and 1 watt. The reason for this large amount of power return is due to the close coupling of the two antennas mounted at the top of the water tank. A swept isolation test showed 25 dB of isolation between the two antennas in the VHF high band. A preferred level of isolatiion would be greater than 60 dB. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. Visual Inspection A single ground wire connected this radio to an electrical outlet outside the shelter. It is unclear as to the integrity of this ground. It would be better to Cadweld this ground directly to the water tank superstructure directly behind the radio. This radio does not support mobile to mobile communications in its current configuration. Very small battery back-up; estimate approximately less than 10 amp/hour capacity. This would provide approximately 20 minutes of operation. Oakwood Iecttonics,,tt e.• 6 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Tasker Road Fire and Rescue Channel 2 (Tested 10/29/00) The MTR-2000 radio is configured as a remote base station. Tone signaling is used for control. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity and receiver audio drive level into the telephone service were within spec. Transmitter output power was low at 82 watts compared to the 100 watt spec for this radio. The transmitter audio sensitivity was set too high, which resulted in hum and noise from the telephone line to become noticeable during testing. The transmit audio input level should be increased to at least —13 dBm as measured at the telephone entry in the shelter to provide +/- 3 kHz peak deviation of transmitted signal (using a 1 kHz tone). The current setting is down at —31 dBm. The most noticeable problem with this radio was its receiver desensitization when the Tasker Road Sheriff's transmitter was keyed. This receiver does not have the benefit of duplexer filtering to reduce the returned power from the Sheriff's transmitter. The receiver was desensed by 25 dB which renders it unusable for handhelds and only marginal for mobiles within a radius of a less than 5 miles. This radio has the potential for a loss of communications if both Sheriff's and Fire and Rescue services had to operate from Tasker Road simultaneously. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. Visual Inspection • A single ground wire connected this radio to an electrical outlet outside the shelter. It is unclear as to the integrity of this ground. It would be better to Cadweld this ground directly to the water tank superstructure directly behind the radio. • Very small battery back-up; estimate approximately less than 20 amp/hour capacity. This would provide approximately 40 minutes of operation. Oakwood Elecitojzics,, 7of11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Frederick County Middle School Sheriffs Radio Channel 2 (Tested 10/29/00) This MSR -2000 is configured as a repeater. Tone signaling is used for control. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity and receiver audio drive level into the telephone service is within spec. The transmitter audio sensitivity from the telephone service is within spec. The transmitter modulation sensitivity to repeated audio from mobiles is a little high at about 4 dB, which can cause some mobiles to become distorted if the user close -talks the microphone. Receiver desensitization occurred randomly as paging signals from another site were keyed on and off. It is thought that these signals were not causing fundamental overload, but spurious intermodulation response since none of the interferers were in excess of —10 dBm. Identifiable paging tones could be heard during receive desense testing. The desense was approximately 7 dB, which reduces the coverage footprint by just over 50 % when the pagers are active. The transmitter low at 67 watts compared to the 110 watt spec, although the duplexer losses may be involved with this reduction as mentioned in early site evaluations. The Station Master antenna was mounted less than two feet off the side of the tower, which may create a pattern null (or blind spot) on the hidden side. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. Visual Inspection • No grounding. • No back-up power supply. OaAwood Eleatonics, .If. 8 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Shawnee Springs Cannery Sheriffs Channel 1 Remote Receiver (Tested 10/29/00) This MTR-2000 is configured as a receiver only. It sends a 2175 Hz tone over the telephone lines during non -receive conditions to support the voting comparator. Summary of Performance The receiver sensitivity and receiver audio drive level is within spec. Antenna VSWR (matching) was within limits. Visual Inspection • The UPS back-up power supply "Fail" light is on. • A large amount of black dust was present on the radio. This dust is from the carbon brushes of the electric elevator motor located less than six feet away. This dust is partially conductive and will destroy the radio if allowed to accumulate in the circuitry. r 7��; --` , ahwooC� lecf° onics, • ce 9 of 11 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Frederick County Middle School SIRS Radio (Tested 10/29/00) Summary of Performance This radio is configured as a remote base. There is no documentation for this radio. The receiver is very sensitive at 0.16 microvolts. The receiver drive level is at the upper end of the telephone level at 1.5 dBm while applying a 1 kHz tone at +/- 3 kHz peak deviation. No change is necessary if the audio is not distorted at the EOC. The transmitter appears low at 70 watts, with a presumed specification of 100 watts. The antenna VSWR is 3.3:1, which indicated either a broken antenna or a bad feedline. Visual Inspection • No.grounding. • No back-up power supply. Lawrence Farm Fire and Rescue Channel 1 (Inspected 10/29/00) Visual Inspection Only This radio was not tested. It is a pole mounted remote base radio of late 1970's vintage which has been upgraded in past years. The seal around the weatherproof enclosure is leaking and has caused insects to get into the radio. The antenna is missing one of three radials and the other two are bent downward. The utility pole supporting the radio is listing at 5 degrees and has not been chemically treated. This pole should be taken down or replaced. Oahwood Iecttonio,.tcr' C 10 of 13 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Summary of Actions for Radio Sites • The Tasker Road antenna implementation must be changed. A second site for either the Sheriff or Fire and Rescue radios needs to be implemented to prevent extreme desense and possible radio damage. • The North Mountain Fire and Rescue radio should be moved to another site free of high level VHF interference. The current amount of interference and desense, in addition to the high squelch setting reduce the effective coverage of the receiver. • Grounding at North Mountain needs to be improved by bonding the shelter ground to the tower ground using either number 2 gauge wire or copper strap. This will also reduce the amount of RF interference from WTRM in addition to reducing potential damage from lightning. • Tasker Road grounding should not depend on the utility service ground external to the shelter. A Cadweld bond or other fastening to the water tower superstructure should be done. • The Shawnee Springs remote receiver must be removed from the elevator shaft. It is only a matter of time before degraded receiver performance occurs due to the amount of carbon dust introduced in the radio. Fix the back-up power supply failure. • A standard procedure for setting telephone audio line levels must be in place to assure best signal to noise performance and uniformity between radios. This must also include proper audio settings at the voting comparator. Set the drive levels to between 0 and -6 dBm (using a 1 kHz tone at +/- 3 kHz peak deviation). Set the transmitters at the opposite end of the telephone line to provide +/- 3 kHz peak deviation using the corrected audio from the voting comparator or Cerntracom Console. Verify that repeated audio from receiver to transmitter is unity gain with respect to a receive signal modulated with 1 kHz tone. • Improve the back-up power supply at Tasker Road. Back-up supplies should be added to Middle School Sheriff's Channel 2 and SIRS. • Fix the SIRS antenna; Move the Sheriff's Channel 2 antenna at least four feet away from the tower to improve coverage. • Dismantle the Lawrence Farm utility pole before it falls down. • Restore an auxiliary UHF link to North Mountain in the event that the telephone lines fail (during an ice storm or lightning strike). • MOST IMPORTANT: A solution needs to found that will provide mobile to mobile communication through the Tasker Road Sheriff's Radio, in the event of a catastrophic failure on North Mountain. akwooul �eet�on�cs 11 of 11 . it. 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Test Data Date Measured10/15/00 10/15/00 10/29/00 10/29/00 10/29/00 10/29/00 10/29/00 Location N.M Shf N.M. F&R Tasker Shf Tasker F&R M.S. Shf M.S. SIRS S.S. Shf Notes Receive Sensitivity 12 d6 SINAD 0.5 1 0.28 0.2 0.35 0.16 0.22 In microvolts C -Message weighted 'EIA Specified Receiver Sensitivity 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 N/A 0.35 Receiver Audio Level Transmitter Audio Level -8.2 -15.7 -11.9 -9.4 -3.8 1.5 -6.2 1 Using a 1 kHz tone at +/- 3 kHz peak deviation -10.4 N/A -22 -31 -6 -9.4 N/A TX driven to +/- 3 kHz peak deviation Receiver Desensitization N/A 6 12 25 7 0 0 In dB relative to 12 dB SINAD sensitivity Receiver Spurious Specification 100 100 100 100 100 100 In dB relative to 12 dB SINAD sensitivity Receiver Sensitivity derived from u -113 -107 -118 -121 -116 -120 dBm into 50 ohms Maximum Permissible Spur Power -13 -7 -18 -21 -16 -20 dBm into 50 ohms Maximum Measured Interference -10 -10 23 22 -15 Worst case measured carrier power level in dBm dB in excess of Spur Reiection 3 -3 41 43 1 Does not include IMD spurious Interference Frequengy Frequency 152.66 152.66 154.37 155.01 152.148 Additional Interference Frequency -154.22 155.01 158.1 Transmitter Output Power 761 87 63 82 67 70 N/A Watts into 50 ohms Specified Transmit Output Power 110 100 100 100 110 Tolerance= -34 -13 -37 -18 -43 Does not include losses through du lexer Receiver Frequency Accuracy 159.0300 154.2200 159.0300 154.3400 158.7901 39.5400 159.0300 In MHz Specified Receiver Frequencv 159.0300 154.2200 159.0300 154.3400 158.7900 39.5400 159.0300 In MHz +/-.0005 % Tolerance= 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 % Transmit Frequency Accuracy 155.0101 154.2200 155.0100 154.3400 155.5501 39.5400 In MHz Specified Transmitter Fireauencv 155.0100 154.2200 155.0100 154.3400 155.5500 39.5400 In MHz +/-.0005 % Tolerance= 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 Worst Case Antenna VSWR 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.5 1.41 3.3 Typical= 1.5:1 Voltage Standing Wave Oahwood . 12 of 13 c;iElectton cs, -f.-f. 261 Winding Ridge Lane, Winchester, VA 22603 1-540-888-3031 Fax / Data 1-540-888-4041 Voting Comparator Review (11/26/00) Based on earlier findings during radio site testing, an investigation was made to determine why the Tasker Road Sheriffs repeater was not transmitting mobile audio when the dispatcher activated this system. It was determined that mobile audio was transmitted only by the North Mountain site. A review of both mobile and dispatch console audio routing was made at the EOC on November 26, 2000. The following observations were made to conclude that the installation of the voting comparator (Spectra Tac unit) is improperly installed and configured: • Voted audio from the Spectra Tac was hard -wired exclusively to the North Mountain site. No provision was made to switch voted audio to a secondary repeater. • The North Mountain site re -transmitted mobile audio regardless of the active repeater selection at the dispatch console. The CentraCom manual illustrates the selection of primary and secondary repeater sites is made at the CentraCom central electronics bank by the dispatch console. This requires the Spectra Tac voting comparator to be wired prior to the audio selection made by the CentraCom bank. Currently, the Spectra Tac unit is wired after the CentraCom bank. A review of the CentraCom installation manual revealed detailed information to add a Spectra Tac voting comparator. A comparison between the manual and the hardware in the EOC revealed the following: • Specific hardware is missing to interface between the CentraCom bank and the Spectra Tac voting comparator. Chapter 3 of the Centracom installation manual, page 3-59 specifies Motorola part numbers BLN1165C (voting comparator I/O module), BLN6082A (25 pair calbe), BLN1147 (punchblock / spark gap board) with a usage of two each of these items for the 8 channel Spetra Tac. None of these items were observed as being present or installed at the EOC. • An additional part for the CentraCom bank, Motorola part number KN88AA (relay board) is shown in Figure 3-8 (page 3-66) of the Centracom installation manual for use in modifying the CentraCom for "Main / Standby Comparator Switching Modification". This part was not observed as being installed in the CentraCom bank. • The Spectra Tac voting comparator manual did not have specific instructions to interface with the CentraCom bank. Motorola will need to provide this information which will possibly specify and additional interface card. Other observations: • No ground wire on the Spectra Tac voting comparator. • Number 8 or 10 gauge wire was used to ground the CentraCom bank and the dispatch consoles. Figure 3-2 in the CentraCom installation manual on page 3-12 specifies a minimum size of number 6 gauge to the console and number 2 gauge to the CentraCom central electronics bank rack. 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