TC 04-27-15 Meeting Minutes
UNIFIED PLANNING WORK PROGRAM (UPWP)
FOR THE
WINCHESTER – FREDERICK COUNTY (WinFred)
METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATION (MPO)
FY 2016
(July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016)
Adopted for Public Comment:
Final Adoption:
Winchester/Frederick County, Virginia
Metropolitan Planning Organization
C/o Northern Shenandoah Valley Regional Commission
400 Kendrick Lane, Suite E
Front Royal, VA 22630
540-636-8800
www.winfredmpo.org
Preparation Statement
Prepared on behalf of the WinFred Metropolitan Planning Organization by the Northern
Shenandoah Valley Regional Commission staff through a cooperative process involving the City
of Winchester, County of Frederick, Town of Stephens City, Virginia Department of
Transportation, Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation, Federal Highway
Administration, and the Federal Transit Administration.
The preparation of this program was financially aided through grants from the Federal Highway
Administration, Federal Transit Administration, Virginia Department of Transportation and the
Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP ii
MPO Policy Board
Officers:
Chair—Richard Shickle, Frederick County
Vice Chair—John Willingham, City of Winchester
Secretary/Treasurer—Martha Shickle, Executive Director NSVRC
Voting Members:
Richard Shickle, Frederick County
Charles DeHaven, Jr., Frederick County
Rodney Williams, Frederick County
Michael Majher, Town of Stephens City
Eden Freeman, City of Winchester
John Hill, City of Winchester
John Willingham, City of Winchester
Randy Kiser, Virginia Department of Transportation
Alternate Voting Members:
Tim Youmans and Perry Eisenach, City of Winchester
Kris Tierney, Frederick County
Tim Stowe, Town of Stephens City
Terry Short, Virginia Department of Transportation
Non-Voting Members:
Mack Frost, Federal Highway Administration
Tony Cho, Federal Transit Administration
Lisa DuMetz-Rosier, Virginia Dept. of Rail & Public Transportation
Rusty Harrington, Dept. of Aviation
MPO Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
Chair—Tim Youmans, City of Winchester
Vice Chair—Eric Lawrence, Frederick County
Members:
Patrick Barker, Frederick County
John Bishop, Frederick County
Eric Lawrence, Frederick County
Kris Tierney, Frederick County
Tim Stowe, Town of Stephens City
Tom Hoy, City of Winchester
Tim Youmans, City of Winchester
Perry Eisenach, City of Winchester
Terry Short, Virginia Department of Transportation
Lisa DuMetz-Rosier, Virginia Dept. of Rail & Public Transportation
Serena ‘Renny’ Manuel, Winchester Airport
Renee Wells, Winchester Transit
MPO Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC)
Chair—R. William Bayliss, III
Vice Chair—Walt Cunningham
Members:
Joshua Hummer, Thomas Reed & Walt Cunningham, Frederick County
Vacant, Town of Stephens City
R. William Bayliss, III, Dr. John Crandell, Vacant, City of Winchester
Administrative & Staff Support
Provided by Northern Shenandoah Valley Regional Commission
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP iii
Resolution
By The
WinFred Metropolitan Planning Organization
Approving the FY 2016 Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP)
WHEREAS, the FY 2016 Unified Planning Work Program will serve as the basis for all U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT) funding participation and will be included in all requests
for DOT planning funds, and
WHEREAS, this UPWP details all transportation and transportation-related planning activities
anticipated within the area during the coming fiscal year, and
WHEREAS, this UPWP has been reviewed and recommended for approval by the Technical
Advisory Committee and the Citizens Advisory Committee;
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, that the WinFred Metropolitan Planning
Organization does hereby approve and adopt the FY 2016 Unified Planning Work Program on
DATE.
Signed: _____________________ Signed: ________________________
Richard C. Shickle Martha F. Shickle
Chairman Secretary-Treasurer
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FY 2016 UNIFIED PLANNING WORK PROGRAM
WORK TASKS AND BUDGET/FUNDING INFORMATION
Page No.
Preparation Statement ..................................................................................................................... ii
Officers .......................................................................................................................................... iii
Resolution ...................................................................................................................................... iv
Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................v
List of Figures……………..……………………………………………………………………...vi
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................7
WORK TASK 1: Program Management & Administration .........................................................10
WORK TASK 2: Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) ...................................................11
WORK TASK 3: Federal or State Requested Planning Work Program Items ............................11
WORK TASK 4: Public Mobility……………………………………………...………………..12
WORK TASK 5: Local Technical Assistance ..............................................................................13
WORK TASK 6: Bicycle & Pedestrian Plan Development ........................................................14
WORK TASK 7: System Planning ...............................................................................................15
WORK TASK 8: Long Range Planning, Modeling, GIS & Data….............................................18
Proposed Revenues & Expenditures by Funding
Source…….…………………………………………………..…………………………….........19
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP v
LIST OF FIGURES
Page No.
Figure 1: Map of Winchester Frederick County Urbanized Area and MPO Study Area 8
Figure 2: Proposed Revenues and Expenditures by Funding
Source………………………………………..………………………………………… 19
.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP vi
INTRODUCTION
The Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP) for transportation planning identifies all activities
to be undertaken in the WinFred Metropolitan Planning Organization study area for Fiscal Year
2016 (July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016). The UPWP provides a mechanism for the coordination of
transportation planning activities in the region, and is required as a basis for and condition of all
federal funding assistance for transportation planning by the joint metropolitan planning
regulations of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Federal Transit
Administration (FTA).
The work tasks within this UPWP are reflective of issues and concerns originating from
transportation agencies at the federal, state and local levels. The descriptions of the tasks to be
accomplished and the budgets for these tasks are based on a best estimate of what can be
accomplished within the confines of available federal, state and local resources.
The following are the regulations that inform the MPO Planning Process:
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) created a number of
planning requirements. In October 1993, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the
Federal Transit Administration (FTA) issued final regulations regarding metropolitan planning.
The Transportation Equity Act of the 21st Century (TEA-21), which became law in June 1998,
reaffirmed the structure of the metropolitan planning process. Most of the modifications to the
process were aimed at streamlining and strengthening the provisions included in ISTEA.
On August 10, 2005, the federal legislation known as the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient
Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) was signed into law.
On July 6, 2012, MAP-21, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act was signed
into law. MAP-21 creates a streamlined and performance-based surface transportation program
and builds on many of the highway, transit, bike, and pedestrian programs and policies
established in 1991.
Metropolitan Planning Area
The WinFred MPO study area consists of the City of Winchester, the Town of Stephens City, the
Urbanized Area of Frederick County, and the area of Frederick County projected to be urbanized
by the year 2020. See Figure 1 for an illustration of the region.
Reported by FHWA for 2010, the WinFred MPO Urbanized Area population was 78,440 and it
encompasses a land area of approximately 103 sq. miles.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 7
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 8
Responsibilities for Transportation Planning
The WinFred Metropolitan Planning Organization is the organization responsible for conducting
the continuing, comprehensive, and coordinated (3-C) planning process for the Winchester-
Frederick County Urbanized Area in accordance with requirements of Section 134 (Title 23
U.S.C.) of the Federal Highway Act of 1962, and Section 5303 of the Federal Transit Act. The
WinFred MPO is the official Metropolitan Planning Organization for the urbanized area,
designated by the Governor of Virginia, under Section 134 of the Federal Aid Highway Act, and
the joint metropolitan planning regulations of FHWA and FTA.
The policy making body of the WinFred MPO is the Policy Board that consists of 8 voting
members. These include 3 representatives from the City of Winchester, 3 representatives from
Frederick County, 1 representative from the Town of Stephens City, and 1 representative from
VDOT. Other agencies with non-voting membership on the WinFred MPO Policy Board include
the Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation, Virginia Department of Aviation,
Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration.
The Northern Shenandoah Valley Regional Commission (NSVRC) provides staff support to the
WinFred MPO. NSVRC staff members, in cooperation with the MPOs member agencies,
collect, analyze and evaluate demographic, land use, and transportation data to gain a better
understanding of the transportation system requirements of the area. Special studies, research,
and other work tasks requested by the MPO are the responsibility of the NSVRC to plan and
coordinate. Consultant assistance may be sought when required to complete work tasks. NSVRC
also prepares materials for use at the Policy Board, Technical Advisory and Citizens Advisory
Committee meetings as well as any sub-committee meetings that are scheduled.
NSVRC staff will participate in all WinFred MPO meetings and provide required staff support
and administration of the transportation planning program. In addition, staff members will
represent the MPO at any meetings with federal, state, and local organizations as necessary.
Total Proposed Funding by Federal Source for FY 2016
The primary funding source for transportation planning activities included in this work program
are the FHWA Section 112 (PL) and FTA Section 5303. The proposed funding amounts
(including state and local matching funds) for completion of tasks described in this UPWP are
shown in Figure 2.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 9
WORK TASK 1: Program Management & Administration
Objective and Description: This task includes ongoing activities that ensure proper management
and operation of a continuing, comprehensive, and coordinated (3-C) planning process as
described in the Memorandum of Understanding. Products originated from MPO (NSVRC) staff.
Products:
The primary products of this task are as follows and include those tasks necessary to the timely
and accountable administration of the MPO Planning Process:
• Implementation of the FY16 UPWP throughout the fiscal year and provision of all required
administrative functions including accounting, financial reporting, personnel administration,
office management, website management, contract administration, map production, and
necessary highway and transit purchases (e.g., office equipment, software, etc.);
• Maintenance of Title VI, ADA and environmental justice compliance, and in all work plans
and activities for both highway and transit modes including consultation with appropriate
groups, committees and community representatives;
• Support of the activities of the WinFred MPO through the preparation of reports,
presentations, agendas, minutes and mailings for all Policy Board, TAC, CAC and other
meetings, as well as attendance at those meetings;
• Continue a proactive public participation process that provides complete information, timely
public notice, full public access to key decisions, and supports early and continuing
involvement of the public in developing plans, TIPs and other documents.
Budget: $44,284
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 10
WORK TASK 2: Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)
Objective and Description: As required by federal planning regulations, the Transportation
Improvement Program (TIP) for the WinFred MPO is a four-year program of highway, transit,
bicycle, pedestrian, safety, and transportation enhancement projects receiving federal funds. State
and locally funded projects are also included in the TIP for coordination purposes.
The TIP is updated every four years must be approved by the MPO Policy Board and the
Governor of Virginia. The TIP is required as a condition for all federal funding assistance for
transportation improvements within the WinFred MPO study area.
The general public and all other interested parties will be given an opportunity to review and
comment on the proposed TIP as described under the WinFred MPOs adopted Public
Participation Plan. To facilitate public review, MPO staff will provide visualization of TIP
projects, post the TIP on the MPO website, and make the TIP accessible at public libraries,
government offices, and upon request.
This task provides for the maintenance of a regional Transportation Improvement Program and
will require active support of the WinFred MPO Policy Board and Committees and coordination
with member agencies. Products originated from MPO (NSVRC) Staff.
Products: Processing of requested amendments and administrative modifications to the adopted
TIP; mapping of TIP projects and Annual Listing of Projects for the next fiscal year.
Budget: $2,500
WORK TASK 3: Federal or State Requested Planning Work Program Items
Objective and Description: The MPO staff will work with federal and state agencies in support
of projects and programs designed to coordinate transportation planning activities within the
region. Products originated from MPO (NSVRC) Staff.
Products: Staff will prepare studies and reports as necessary for the completion of this work
program item and as directed by the appropriate federal and/or state agencies. Staff will represent
the WinFred MPO on the Virginia Association of Metropolitan Planning Organizations
(VAMPO) by participating in all meetings, events and training programs of the association and
provide information as appropriate to the MPO agencies and partners.
Budget: $15,000
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 11
WORK TASK 4: Public Mobility
Transportation Demand Management and Human Services Transportation
Objective and Description: This work task includes required transportation planning assistance
for Human Services system providers and travel demand management and seeks to advance the
MPO priorities for promoting multi-modal transportation opportunities where appropriate in the
planning area. Products originated from MPO (NSVRC) Staff.
Products:
• Incorporate public mobility and travel demand management planning efforts into ongoing
updates to the Long Range Transportation Plan.
• Participate in the regional Coordinated Human Services Public Mobility Planning process.
• Promotion of the FTA 5310 funds (Transportation for Elderly Persons with Disabilities) to
the local human service agencies within the MPO.
• Annual presentations to the MPO from local human service agencies within the MPO.
Winchester Transit System Planning
Objective and Description: The Winchester Transit System (WinTran) conducts transit planning
and administration efforts necessary to comply with FTA requirements in order to receive
Section 5307 capital and operating grants. WinTran will coordinate with the MPO on transit
planning activities. Funds will be used to deliver specific, tangible transit planning products.
Products originated from requests by the WinTran program.
Products;
• Feasibility Study, WinTran Service Extension to Lord Fairfax Community College. Work to
be performed by consultant. Cost: $35,000. Initiated by City of Winchester
Budget: $50,000
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 12
WORK TASK 5: Local Technical Assistance
Objective and Description: This is an annual UPWP task. This task is designed to provide
flexible planning support and services to the WinFred MPO localities. Products will originate
from a requesting locality.
Products:
Activities may include, but are not limited to:
• Technical assistance to the Town of Stephens City in identifying resources to improve
roadway to two-lane urban section with horizontal and vertical realignment, Route 631
(Fairfax St/Marlboro Road) from US Route 11 to Stephens City western corporate limit.
Initiated by Town of Stephens City.
• Development and submission of transportation-related grants for WinFred MPO localities for
both highway and transit projects; and
• Management of the on-call consultant list for the MPO and its member localities with
contract administration and project management services.
Budget: $7,500
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 13
WORK TASK 6: Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan Development
Objective and Description: An update to the MPO’s bicycle and pedestrian master plan was
completed in FY 14. This update prioritized facility improvement needs identified in the 2007
plan using objective criteria. This task will allow the MPO to advance the plan
recommendations. Products originated from MPO (NSVRC) Staff and City of Winchester.
Products:
Specific tasks and deliverables may include:
• A feasibility study for a segment of the Green Circle Trail along Featherbed Lane from S.
Pleasant Valley Rd. to S. Loudoun St (0.3 miles). Consultant-led. Initiated by City of
Winchester (Cost: $20,000);
• Additional technical assistance to advance implementation of the WinFred Bicycle and
Pedestrian Master Plan update;
• Promotion of Safe Routes to School programs
Budget: $20,000
From WinFred 2014 Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan Update.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 14
WORK TASK 7A: System Planning
Objective & Description: Projects included in this work task bridge the gap between project
readiness required for construction/ implementation and the conceptualized phase of a project
prioritized in the CLRP. Activities will include site specific evaluation and validation of
appropriate alternatives and will further refine understanding of the necessary project scope to
accomplish a goal in the LRTP.
1. Valley Pike/Shawnee Drive Intersection Improvement Study – Carryover
from FY15
Objective and Description:
Perceived problems with the
safety and efficiency of the
Shawnee Drive/Valley Pike (U.S.
Route 11) intersection led the
MPO to initiate a consultant-led
study in FY 14. Consultants will
complete a traffic study of the
intersection projected to a 20-yr
horizon, and recommend
alternatives to bring intersection
to acceptable LOS for the
horizon year, considering
capacity expansion, land use
planning, access management
and network development. The
activity was initiated at the
request of Frederick County.
This project, begun in FY 13
under the title “South Winchester
Area Plan,” was subsequently re-
scoped and re-named to reflect
the revised scope.
Products: Report describing
alternatives for bringing the
intersection to an acceptable
level of service in the horizon year
Budget: $18,000
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 15
2. Area Plan for Exit 317 at I-81 – Carryover from FY15
Objective and Description: The purpose of this consultant-led study is to identify and evaluate
feasible interchange modifications to accommodate existing and projected future traffic volumes
and growth at and within the vicinity of Exit 317 along Interstate 81. It is anticipated that the
proposed improvements may include, but are not limited to the construction of new
roadways/ramps and/or modifications to existing roadways and ramps. Improvements may also
include the replacement of existing bridges, as well as new signalized intersections.
A consultant will provide project management, quality control, traffic analysis and the
development of a report and conceptual alternatives for improvements to the existing
interchange, including preliminary interchange concepts. The general study area is expected to
encompass the area shown below. The project was initiated by VDOT.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 16
Products:
• Report: A complete study will be developed in accordance with applicable VDOT and
FHWA guidelines. While not an Interchange Modification Report (IMR), this product is
intended to substantially complete a future IMR.
• Conceptual Interchange Options: Up to three (3) conceptual options, with planning-level cost
estimates and phased improvement scenarios, will be developed and presented in schematic
roll-plot format.
• Displays: Three (3) mounted color displays will be produced using aerial photography to
depict the conceptual interchange options. Large scale displays of conceptual typical sections
will also be produced. Updated planning level cost estimates and other supporting planning
level data will be developed as appropriate.
Timeframe: 24 months
Budget: $182,000 ($375,000 over two fiscal years)
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 17
WORK TASK 8: Long Range Planning, Modeling, GIS & Data
Objective and Description: Many of the federally-required Long Range Transportation Plan
activities have been identified in the UPWP as stand alone tasks. Work Task 8 is meant to be the
recurring umbrella long range planning task to include updates to the Long Range Plan, as well
as support for travel modeling, GIS and database management.
This task provides staff and/or consultant technical assistance in modeling scenarios, model
enhancements, network and land use updates and completion of studies necessary for
maintenance of the model. Model maintenance provides support for required long range planning
activities, funding applications and support of any future air quality analysis in support of
regional early action air quality conformity compacts. GIS activities support the regional travel
demand model maintenance and all other UPWP work tasks. VDOT will continue to provide
technical assistance for model development, updates and statewide data collection activities, and
fund software maintenance, upgrades and training. PE / NEPA study modeling for SYIP projects
will be completed by VDOT, not by the MPO.
The products are initiated by the MPO (NSVRC) Staff and VDOT.
Products:
• Scope, tasks and schedule for WinFred 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan development;
• ongoing updates to 2035 Long Range Transportation Plan;
• post-processing of Regional Travel Demand Model1;
• update of regional origin & destination studies* and incorporation into base and future year
model scenarios;
• GIS mapping, data collection, and database management in support of all MPO UPWP work
tasks (including GIS software maintenance for 2 users at 50% of total cost); and
Budget: $75,000 2
1The model, updated in 2014, has an acceptable error margin overall (expressed as the difference
between forecast to observed volumes for all links in the base year, 2012). Post-processing will
rectify errors on selected critical links based on unique factors and assumptions using planning
and engineering judgment. This work is needed in preparation for the Long Range Plan Update.
Work to be performed by consultant. Estimated cost: $30,000. Initiated by VDOT.
2Origin-destination studies are anticipated to be undertaken by VDOT, and therefore not included
in the budget.
WinFred MPO
FY 2016 UPWP 18
Highway Funding Transit Funding
Proposed Revenues FHWA State Local FTA State Local Total
FY16 Planning Match Match Subtotal 5303 Match Match Subtotal MPO
80%10%10%Highway 80%10%10%Transit FY13 Revenues
FY 2016 New PL 112 Funds (1)$121,063 $15,133 $15,133 $151,329 $151,329
FY 2014 Carryover PL112 Funds available in FY 2016 (2)$158,234 $19,779 $19,780 $197,793 $197,793
FY 2016 5303 Funds (4)$74,970 $9,371 $9,371 $93,712 $93,712
Subtotal: FY16 Revenues $279,297 $34,912 $34,913 $349,122 $74,970 $9,371 $9,371 $93,712 $442,834
Total FY16 Proposed Revenues $442,834
Proposed Expenditures FHWA State Local Subtotal FTA State Local Subtotal Total
VDOT/Planning Match Match Highway 5303 Match Match Transit MPO
DRPT 80%10%10%80%10%10%Expenditures
Task 1: Program Management and Administration 85/15 $30,113 $3,764 $3,764 $37,641 $5,314 $664 $664 $6,643 $44,284
Task 2: Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)75/25 $1,500 $188 $188 $1,875 $500 $63 $63 $625 $2,500
Task 3: State/Federal Requested Work Tasks 60/40 $7,200 $900 $900 $9,000 $4,800 $600 $600 $6,000 $15,000
Task 4: Public Mobility 0/100 $0 $0 $0 $0 $40,000 $5,000 $5,000 $50,000 $50,000
Task 5: Local Technical Assistance 100/0 $6,000 $750 $750 $7,500 $0 $0 $0 $0 $7,500
Task 6: Bicycle & Pedestrian Plan Development 50/50 $8,000 $1,000 $1,000 $10,000 $8,000 $1,000 $1,000 $10,000 $20,000
Task 7: System Planning 95/5 $167,200 $20,900 $20,900 $209,000 $8,800 $1,100 $1,100 $11,000 $220,000
Task 8: Long Range Planning, Modeling, GIS and Data 90/10 $54,000 $6,750 $6,750 $67,500 $6,000 $750 $750 $7,500 $75,000
Subtotal: FY16 Expenditures $274,013 $34,252 $34,252 $342,516 $73,414 $9,177 $9,177 $91,768 $434,284
$5,284 $660 $661 $6,606 $1,556 $194 $194 $1,944 $8,550
Estimated Contingency/Reserve Funds for Project Support $8,550
Total FY16 Proposed Expenditures $442,834
(1) FY16 PL Funding from VDOT for Highway
(2) FY14 PL Carryover Funds: not Expended in FY14
(3)FY16 5303 Funding from DRPT for Multi-modal Planning Page 19
Figure 2: Win-Fred MPO FY 2016 Proposed Revenues and Expenditures by Funding Source
City ofWinchester
Town ofStephens City
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Kernstown Area Plan
Land Use - Draft
F00.5 10.25 Miles
Kernstown Area Plan
Urban Development Area
Sewer & Water Service Area
Parcels
Future Rt 37 Bypass
!(Proposed Interchanges
Long Range Land Use
Residential
Neighborhood Village
Urban Center
Mobile Home Community
Business
Highway Commercial
Mixed-Use
Mixed Use Commercial/Office
Mixed Use Industrial/Office
Industrial
Warehouse
Heavy Industrial
Extractive Mining
Commercial Rec
Rural Community Center
Fire & Rescue
Historic
Institutional
Planned Unit Development
Park
Recreation
School
Rural Areas
Rural Areas
Inside the UDA
City ofWinchester
Town ofStephens City
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Kernstown Area Plan
Transportation Map - Draft
F00.5 10.25 Miles
Inside the UDA
Transportation
New Minor Arterial
Improved Minor Arterial
New Major Collector
Improved Major Collector
New Minor Collector
Improved Minor Collector
Roundabout
Kernstown Area Plan
Sewer & Water Service Area
Parcels
Improved Major Arterial
Urban Development Area
Trails
Ramp
New Major Arterial
Future Rt 37 Bypass
City ofWinchester
Town ofStephens City
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Kernstown Area Plan
Transportation w/ Trails Map
F00.5 10.25 Miles
Transportation
New Minor Arterial
Improved Minor Arterial
New Major Collector
Improved Major Collector
New Minor Collector
Improved Minor Collector
Roundabout
Kernstown Area Plan
Sewer & Water Service Area
Parcels
Improved Major Arterial
Urban Development Area
Trails
Ramp
New Major Arterial
Future Rt 37 Bypass
Proposed Interchanges
Inside the UDA