HRAB 08-16-22 Meeting Agenda1.Minutes
1.A.Minutes - July 19, 2022
2.Review of Middletown LLC Rezoning Application
2.A.This Rezoning is for 101.25 +/- acres located on the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11
South) and on the west side of Interstate 81, roughly 3,000 feet north of the Town of
Middletown Corporate Limits. The site is located in the Back Creek Magisterial District
and is identified by Property Identification Number (PIN) 84-A-78.
AGENDA
HISTORIC RESOURCES ADVISORY BOARD
TUESDAY, AUGUST 16, 2022
6:00 PM
FIRST-FLOOR CONFERENCE ROOM
FREDERICK COUNTY ADMINISTRATION BUILDING
WINCHESTER, VIRGINIA
HRAB08-16-22MeetingMinutesJuly19.pdf
HRAB08-16-22REZMiddletownLLC_Redacted.pdf
1
Historic Resources Advisory Board
Agenda Item Detail
Meeting Date: August 16, 2022
Agenda Section: Minutes
Title: Minutes - July 19, 2022
Attachments:
HRAB08-16-22MeetingMinutesJuly19.pdf
2
Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB)
July 19, 2022
First Floor Conference Room of the County, Administrative Building
107 North Kent Street, Winchester, VA
Members Present: Gary Crawford, Steve Cantu, Dana Newcomb, Robbie Molden, and Lucas Cook
Members Absent: Christopher Oldham, Robert Meadows, A. Nicholas Powers, and Scott Straub
Staff Present: Wyatt Pearson, Kayla Peloquin, and Maral Kalbian
Agenda Items:
Call to order at 6:00 p.m.
Item 1: Election of Chairman and Vice Chairman
Gary Crawford was nominated for Chairman and Robbie Molden was nominated for Vice Chairman.
The committee voted unanimously to approve these nominations.
Item 2: Minutes
The minutes of the the November 16, 2021 HRAB meeting were approved.
Item 3: Review of Fruit Hill Rezoning Application
The HRAB considered the Fruit Hill rezoning application to rezone three parcels of land totaling 220.06
acres in the Stonewall Magisterial District. The consultant representing the applicant presented
information on the proposed rezoning for the parcels to allow for the building of a hotel and
restaurant (B2), warehousing (M1), and a technology/data center facility (OM). Additionally, the
applicant plans to construct a new collector road to distribute truck traffic. The applicant has
committed to preserve existing woodland where possible and leave buffers along the property
boundaries.
The consultant stated the parcels currently contain three structures dating back to the 1800s and
1900s but determined that none of them have architecturally distinctive characteristics. The report
concluded that the structures do not warrant further study. Maral Kalbian cautioned that the
properties should not be overlooked due to their normalcy and should be further examined within
the historical context of the region.
Steve Cantu made a motion to recommend a Phase 2 study of the two oldest structures to more
closely examine the building materials and interiors. Gary Crawford seconded the motion. The motion
passed unanimously.
3
Item 4: Review of Metromont Rezoning Application
The HRAB considered the Metromont rezoning application for two parcels of land totaling 44.74 acres
in the Stonewall Magisterial District. The applicant wishes to expand a precast concrete operation
with a two new access points to relieve traffic on existing roads. It was discussed whether the zoning
ordinance addressed corridor beautification or historic preservation in this context and it was
determined that it did not.
There was a discussion on the possibility of donating a portion of one of the parcels to the
Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation that is adjacent to land already owned by the foundation.
The applicant advised the committee they will continue to have those discussions in good faith.
Dana Newcomb made a motion to recommend the applicant consider leaving buffers along the North
Western edge of the southern parcel (54 A 11) to provide further protections to the adjacent property
and in turn Star Fort as a historic resource. Steve Cantu seconded the motion. The motion passed
unanimously.
The meeting was adjourned at 7:13 p.m.
4
Historic Resources Advisory Board
Agenda Item Detail
Meeting Date: August 16, 2022
Agenda Section: Review of Middletown LLC Rezoning Application
Title: This Rezoning is for 101.25 +/- acres located on the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11 South)
and on the west side of Interstate 81, roughly 3,000 feet north of the Town of Middletown Corporate
Limits. The site is located in the Back Creek Magisterial District and is identified by Property Identification
Number (PIN) 84-A-78.
Attachments:
HRAB08-16-22REZMiddletownLLC_Redacted.pdf
5
Item # 2
Middletown LLC Rezoning Application
The Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) has been asked to provide a review agency comment
pertaining to a Rezoning application of 101.25± acres from RA, Rural Areas District to M1, (Light
Industrial) District, as proposed by Middletown, LLC (Applicant) with proffers. The subject property is
identified as Tax Parcel 84-A-78 and is bounded the east side of Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11 South) and
on the west side of Interstate 81, approximately 3,000 feet north of the Town of Middletown Corporate
Limits in the Back Creek Magisterial District. The property fully encompasses Mustang Lane.
The Study of Civil War Sites in the Shenandoah Valley published by the National Park Service identifies
the entire parcel as within the core area boundary of the Battle of Cedar Creek. Furthermore, the site
has “retained integrity” as of 1992, when the book was published.
The mapped sites identified by The Virginia Department of Historic Resources are:
• 034-0237 – Abel Tract
• 034-0303 – Cedar Creek Battlefield
• 034-1028 – Sunnyside Farm
• 034-1029 – Valley View Farm
• 034-1030 – Jeff Henson House
Please find the following attachments for your information:
• Location Map
• HRAB Application
• DHR Surveys, Site Photographs, and Maps
• Phase 1 Architectural Survey
• Rezoning Application
• Draft Proffers
• General Development Plan (GDP)
• Impact Statement
The Applicant will be available at the HRAB meeting to provide additional information on the proposed
Rezoning. Staff will be seeking comments from the HRAB on the historical elements possibly impacted by
the proposed use. The comments will be included in the Rezoning application package.
**If you have any questions prior to the meeting please forward them to me and I will relay them to
the Applicant.
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Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 6
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Descriptive Abel Tract, Cedar Creek Battlefield
Historic Rienzi Knoll
Historic/Location Dinges House, 294 Rienzi Knoll Ln
Property Addresses
Name change - Route 11 South
Current - 294 Rienzi Knoll Lane
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County)
Incorporated Town(s):No Data
Zip Code(s):22645
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):84-A-72
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN
Property Evaluation Status
Not Evaluated
This property is subject to an easement held by the Board of Historic
Resources
This Property is associated with the Cedar Creek Battlefield.
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:Rural
Acreage:64.56
Site Description:
1989: The house is set-back about 1/4-mile from the road [Route 11 South].
2013: The Abel Tract (also known as Rienzi Knoll) is located in Frederick County, just northeast of the town of Middletown, and is
owned by the Civil War Trust. It is located in the core and study areas of the Cedar Creek Battlefield as determined by the
Congressionally-appointed Civil War Sites Advisory Commission. The property is accessed from US Route 11 (Valley Pike) via a
private road known as Rienzi Knoll Lane. The property is comprised of two separate tax parcels (Tax Map Nos. 84-A-72 and 84-4-1),
which are divided by a railroad right-of-way owned by the Baltimore & Ohio Railway. Parcel 84-A-72 includes approximately 62.55
acres and contains an early 19th Century log and frame dwelling, an early 20th Century frame tenant dwelling, a large timber-frame
barn with a frame addition, a metal-stave silo, a board-and-batten frame shed, a frame greenhouse, a frame gazebo, a frame pergola, a
domed concrete cistern, a stone firepit, a pet cemetery, a concrete pad, and five concrete-capped wells. This portion of the property is
largely open agricultural fields, with some small groves of mature trees located in the north and northwest corner of the property.
Mature trees also follow along fencelines that delineate the property perimeter as well as interior fields. A section of Meadow Creek, a
tributary of Cedar Creek, runs through parcel 84-A-72. This parcel is bounded to the north, south, and west by adjacent, privately-
owned agricultural and forestal properties and to the south by the B&O Railway right-of-way. Parcel 84-4-1 includes approximately
2.01 acres that, with the exception of the right-of-way for Rienzi Knoll Lane, is unimproved. The portion of Parcel 84-4-1 closest to US
Route 11 is wooded, while the remainder is open area with mature trees along the property boundaries only. Parcel 84-4-1 is bounded
to the east by US Route 11, to the north and south by adjacent private residential properties, and to the west by the B&O Railway right-
of-way. The Abel Tract (Rienzi Knoll) is currently in residential and agricultural use, and is occupied by a tenant who maintains cattle
on the property.
-----------------------------
1989: A large frame bank barn, outhouse, smokehouse, frame tenant house with many of its original outbuildings including a
smokehouse.
Surveyor Assessment:
1989: This is an early house and has retained its architectural intergity by remainng unchanged.
2013: The Abel Tract (Reinzi Knoll) incorporates battlefield, historic, open-space, and agricultural resources, and contains
archaeological potential as well. Placing this 64.566-acre property under perpetual easement will protect an early 19th Century
dwelling, significant Civil War battlefield property, surrounding historic landscape, open space, agricultural soils and uses, and
archaeological resources.
Approximately 55 acres of the Abel Tract is located within the core area of the Cedar Creek Battlefield as defined by Civil War Sites
Advisory Commission (CWSAC). The remainder of the property falls within the battlefield study area. The CWSAC has given the
Cedar Creek Battlefield a Preservation Priority Rating of I.1 Class A, its highest rating. The CWSAC defines Priority 1 battlefields as
those “having a decisive influence on a campaign and a direct impact on the course of the war;” in this instance the Shenandoah Valley
Campaign of 1864, which campaign resulted in Union control of the Valley and, by association, the re-election of Abraham Lincoln to
a second term in office. Class A battlefields are defined as those in the most urgent need of protection and preservation.
On the morning of October 19, 1864, the Union Army was bloodied, battered and on the verge of a demoralizing defeat. Having been
routed from their camps by an audacious Confederate pre-dawn attack, the Union soldiers had been driven across five miles of rolling
Virginia fields and woodlots during the five steady hours of combat that followed. Their disorganized battle lines were, at that point,
located over a mile north of Middletown, straddling the Valley Pike. To most Union soldiers and their officers, the battle had ended.
Cedar Creek appeared to be a stunning Confederate victory. It was on the Abel Tract, as well as neighboring farms, that the Union
commanders attempted to rally their lines. When the Union Army's commander, Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, arrived on the scene, he
immediately rejected all suggestions to order a full scale retreat, and instead began to plan for a counterattack. In order to restore his
army’s morale, Sheridan then rode along the length of his rallying battle lines, including those on the Abel Tract. By 4:00 p.m.
14
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 6
Sheridan had stabilized his lines and organized a counterattack. The left end of the Union 6th Corps line was located on the Abel Tract
and passed over its fields during their advance toward the Confederate line. This counterattack has been portrayed in many histories of
the battle as overwhelming, sweeping the entire Confederate line from the field. In truth, the Union advance was met by fierce and
stubborn resistance and, for a few critical moments the fate of the battle hung in the balance. This often overlooked critical phase of the
battle, however, involved some of the heaviest fighting during the day.
Due to the military engagements and battle activity on the property, it retains significance for its potential to contain archaeological
sites and deposits associated with the Battle of Cedar Creek. Placement of this property under permanent conservation easement will
help to preserve this portion of the Cedar Creek battlefield. Additionally it will continue larger preservation efforts within the
battlefield’s boundaries, including the following conservation easements: the 158-16-acre Cedar Creek Battlefield Tract, the 189.179-
acre Cooley Farm, the 39.95-acre Davison Farm, and the 11.016-acre Hudson Property, all of which are subject to conservation
easements held or co-held by the Virginia Board of Historic Resources.
The Civil War Trust, which owns the property, intends to preserve and publicly interpret it as a Civil War battlefield. Development of
the property is limited to accessory, nonresidential buildings and structures to support the continued single-family residential and
agricultural use, and installation of amenities necessary and appropriate for preservation and public interpretation of the battlefield
property.
Surveyor Recommendation:No Data
Ownership
Ownership Category Ownership Entity
Private No Data
Primary Resource Information
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Single Dwelling
NR Resource Type:Building
Historic District Status:Contributing
Date of Construction:Ca 1810
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Early National Period (1790 - 1829)
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:Vernacular
Form:No Data
Number of Stories:2.0
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Vernacular, 2-story, 3-symmetrical-bay, V-notch log dwelling, with a 1-bay frame addition, all clad in
weatherboard. The house is split level, with a side gable metal standing-seam roof. Classical 1 story, 1 bay full height wood porch with 1-bay
entrance portico with pediment, square Doric columns, and elaborate trim around the doorway.
6/6 windows, louvered shutters, 2 exterior end stone/brick chimneys. The north end of the house is original and of log; the south end is the
frame addition. There is a 2-story ell with central chimney, which appears to be original.
Original construction appears to have been circa 1810-1830; with alterations of the house circa 1840-1860, and now 1989, as the owner is
currently restoring the house.
2013: The Abel Tract contains an early 19th Century dwelling, known as the Dinges House, which is formally recorded in the permanent
archives of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources as File No. 034-0237. The dwelling was present during the 1864 Battle of Cedar
Creek, however no historic documentation indicating that the house was used or occupied by soldiers at that time has been identified. The
dwelling has been modified over time (including installation of vinyl siding, replacement windows and doors, rebuilt chimney flues, etc.) but
retains its original form and some interior finishes. It remains in residential use.
Two stories with two-story rear addition, framing appears to be log in the earlier main section, frame in the rear addition. Entire building clad in
vinyl siding; standing-seam metal roof with snow clips (some rust visible). Built in the Greek Revival style. Main section has a limestone block
foundation with a log superstructure; rear addition has a concrete masonry block foundation with frame superstructure. Main section has two
exterior gable-end chimneys (limestone block with modern brick flues), addition has one interior brick chimney. All appear to be capped.
Windows are 6/6 painted wood double-hung sash with vinyl shutters and exterior aluminum storm windows. Two modern octagonal windows
were added to the east elevation of main section. Wooden front door has side- and toplights and engaged pilasters as well as an aluminum storm
door. Two wood batten doors and one modern sliding glass patio door are located on rear addition. Front porch has pedimented roof clad in
standing-seam metal, supported on paired square wood columns, with a concrete floor at ground level. Side porch has a shed roof clad in
15
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 6
standing-seam metal, supported on turned wood posts, with a concrete floor at ground level. Interior finishes are simple (floorboards, limestone
fireplace surrounds and hearths on ground floor, chair rails, most mantels intact). With the exception of roof rust, dwelling is in good condition.
Exterior Components
Component Component Type Material Material Treatment
Windows Sash, Double-Hung Wood 6/6
Roof Gable, Side Metal Standing Seam
Chimneys Exterior End Stone Rubble, Random
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Frame Wood Weatherboard
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Log Wood Notch, V-notch
Porch 1-story, 1-bay Wood Columns, Doric
Secondary Resource Information
Secondary Resource #1
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Barn
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Large vertical board bank barn.
2013: Two-story timber-frame barn clad in vertical painted wood siding, gable roof clad in standing-seam metal with snow cleats, wooden hay
doors and louvered wooden vents. Stone foundation with an earthen ramp. Pole-frame shed addition with standing-seam metal roof and large
sliding door on east elevation. Roof and paint appear sound, foundation solid. A metal-stave silo is located adjacent to the barn, and shows
considerable rust and corrosion of staves and hoops. Barn and shed are in good condition.
Number of Stories:1.5
Secondary Resource #2
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Secondary Dwelling
Date of Construction:1880Ca
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916)
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:Vernacular
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Frame 2-1/2-story tenant house with two interior chimneys, standing-seam metal side gable roof; three front bays
and one side bay; and a full width, 1 story, 3 bay front porch. There is a one story rear ell structure.
Number of Stories:2.5
16
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 6
Secondary Resource #3
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:N/A
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: There are two smokehouses, one for the main dwelling and one that served the tenant house. Neither is
photographed or otherwise described in the survey.
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #4
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Privy
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Vertical board privy with shed roof.
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #5
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:No Data
Threats to Resource:No Data
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
17
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 5 of 6
No Data
Number of Stories:No Data
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:Cedar Creek Battlefield
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
CRM Events
Event Type: Easement: DHR
DHR ID:034-0237
Staff Name:Green, Joanna Wilson
Event Date:4/25/2013
Staff Comment
The Board of Historic Resources has accepted a perpetual easement over the Abel Tract on the Cedar Creek Battlefield in Frederick County.
This easement, recorded on April 25, 2013, protects 64.566 acres within the core area of the as defined by the Civil War Sites Advisory
Commission, which commission has given the battlefield a preservation priority rating of I.1 Class A. The Commission defines Class A
battlefields as those “having a decisive influence on a campaign and a direct impact on the course of the war”; in this instance the Shenandoah
Valley Campaign of 1864, which resulted in Union control of the Valley and, by extension, the re-election of Abraham Lincoln to his second
term. The Commission further defines Class A battlefields as those in most urgent need of preservation. The easement was conveyed by the
national nonprofit Civil War Preservation Trust, which intends to preserve and protect the property for use as a public interpretive site.
On the morning of October 19, 1864, the Union Army of the Shenandoah was bloodied, battered and on the verge of a demoralizing defeat.
Having been routed from their camps by an audacious Southern surprise pre-dawn attack, they had been driven across five miles of rolling
Virginia fields and woodlots during the five steady hours of combat that followed. Their disorganized battle lines were, at that point, located
over a mile north of Middletown, straddling the Valley Pike. To most Union soldiers and their officers, the battle was over. Cedar Creek
appeared to be a stunning Confederate victory. It was on the Property, as well as neighboring farms, that these Union lines attempted to rally
their lines. Shortly after, the army's commander, Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, arrived on the scene. Sheridan immediately rejected all suggestions
to order a full scale retreat, and instead began to plan for a counterattack. In order to restore his army’s morale, Sheridan then rode along the
length of his rallying battle lines. By 4:00 p.m. Sheridan had stabilized his lines and organized a counterattack. The left end of the 6th Corps
line was located on the Property and passed over its fields during their advance toward the Confederate line. This counterattack has been
portrayed in many histories of the battle as overwhelming, sweeping the entire Confederate line from the field. In truth, the Union advance was
met by fierce and stubborn resistance and, for a few critical moments the fate of the battle hung in the balance. This often overlooked critical
phase of the battle, however, involved some of the heaviest fighting during the day.
The easement protects this portion of the Cedar Creek Battlefield, as well as the rural and agricultural setting of this portion of Frederick
County, for the enjoyment and education of the public. The Abel Tract is visible from Rienzi Knoll Road as well as from U.S. 11 (Valley Pike),
both public transportation corridors, and preservation of the tract helps to protect scenic viewsheds along these corridors. The property contains
an antebellum dwelling known as the Dinges House, which is protected under the terms of the easement and which is occupied by the Trust’s
property manager. The property also contains approximately 42 acres of Prime Farmland as defined by the United States Department of
Agriculture (“…land that has the best combination of physical characteristics for producing food, dfeed, forage, fiber and oilseed crops”), and is
currently in use as livestock pasture. The Civil War Preservation Trust’s acquisition of the Abel Tract was funded in part by a grant from the
Virginia Civil War Sites Preservation Fund, and easement of the property was a condition of this grant. Purchase was also partly funded by a
grant from the federal Land and Water Conservation Fund, as administered by the American Battlefield Protection Program.
Event Type: Survey:Phase II/Intensive
Project Review File Number:034-0303-0007
Investigator:Edwards, David A.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:3/14/2013
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
Baseline Documenation Survey for DHR Easement on the property.
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:034-0303-0007
Investigator:Elizabeth Tune, Megan Melinat
18
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 6 of 6
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:3/4/2013
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
Baseline Documenation Survey for DHR Easement on the property.
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:034-0237
Investigator:Kalbian, Maral S.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:1/1/1989
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Bibliographic Information
Bibliography:
No Data
Property Notes:
No Data
19
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Labels
Individual Historic District Properties
Archaeological Resources
Archaeology Labels
DHR Easements
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.20
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 6
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Descriptive Abel Tract, Cedar Creek Battlefield
Historic Rienzi Knoll
Historic/Location Dinges House, 294 Rienzi Knoll Ln
Property Addresses
Name change - Route 11 South
Current - 294 Rienzi Knoll Lane
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County)
Incorporated Town(s):No Data
Zip Code(s):22645
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):84-A-72
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN
Property Evaluation Status
Not Evaluated
This property is subject to an easement held by the Board of Historic
Resources
This Property is associated with the Cedar Creek Battlefield.
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:Rural
Acreage:64.56
Site Description:
1989: The house is set-back about 1/4-mile from the road [Route 11 South].
2013: The Abel Tract (also known as Rienzi Knoll) is located in Frederick County, just northeast of the town of Middletown, and is
owned by the Civil War Trust. It is located in the core and study areas of the Cedar Creek Battlefield as determined by the
Congressionally-appointed Civil War Sites Advisory Commission. The property is accessed from US Route 11 (Valley Pike) via a
private road known as Rienzi Knoll Lane. The property is comprised of two separate tax parcels (Tax Map Nos. 84-A-72 and 84-4-1),
which are divided by a railroad right-of-way owned by the Baltimore & Ohio Railway. Parcel 84-A-72 includes approximately 62.55
acres and contains an early 19th Century log and frame dwelling, an early 20th Century frame tenant dwelling, a large timber-frame
barn with a frame addition, a metal-stave silo, a board-and-batten frame shed, a frame greenhouse, a frame gazebo, a frame pergola, a
domed concrete cistern, a stone firepit, a pet cemetery, a concrete pad, and five concrete-capped wells. This portion of the property is
largely open agricultural fields, with some small groves of mature trees located in the north and northwest corner of the property.
Mature trees also follow along fencelines that delineate the property perimeter as well as interior fields. A section of Meadow Creek, a
tributary of Cedar Creek, runs through parcel 84-A-72. This parcel is bounded to the north, south, and west by adjacent, privately-
owned agricultural and forestal properties and to the south by the B&O Railway right-of-way. Parcel 84-4-1 includes approximately
2.01 acres that, with the exception of the right-of-way for Rienzi Knoll Lane, is unimproved. The portion of Parcel 84-4-1 closest to US
Route 11 is wooded, while the remainder is open area with mature trees along the property boundaries only. Parcel 84-4-1 is bounded
to the east by US Route 11, to the north and south by adjacent private residential properties, and to the west by the B&O Railway right-
of-way. The Abel Tract (Rienzi Knoll) is currently in residential and agricultural use, and is occupied by a tenant who maintains cattle
on the property.
-----------------------------
1989: A large frame bank barn, outhouse, smokehouse, frame tenant house with many of its original outbuildings including a
smokehouse.
Surveyor Assessment:
1989: This is an early house and has retained its architectural intergity by remainng unchanged.
2013: The Abel Tract (Reinzi Knoll) incorporates battlefield, historic, open-space, and agricultural resources, and contains
archaeological potential as well. Placing this 64.566-acre property under perpetual easement will protect an early 19th Century
dwelling, significant Civil War battlefield property, surrounding historic landscape, open space, agricultural soils and uses, and
archaeological resources.
Approximately 55 acres of the Abel Tract is located within the core area of the Cedar Creek Battlefield as defined by Civil War Sites
Advisory Commission (CWSAC). The remainder of the property falls within the battlefield study area. The CWSAC has given the
Cedar Creek Battlefield a Preservation Priority Rating of I.1 Class A, its highest rating. The CWSAC defines Priority 1 battlefields as
those “having a decisive influence on a campaign and a direct impact on the course of the war;” in this instance the Shenandoah Valley
Campaign of 1864, which campaign resulted in Union control of the Valley and, by association, the re-election of Abraham Lincoln to
a second term in office. Class A battlefields are defined as those in the most urgent need of protection and preservation.
On the morning of October 19, 1864, the Union Army was bloodied, battered and on the verge of a demoralizing defeat. Having been
routed from their camps by an audacious Confederate pre-dawn attack, the Union soldiers had been driven across five miles of rolling
Virginia fields and woodlots during the five steady hours of combat that followed. Their disorganized battle lines were, at that point,
located over a mile north of Middletown, straddling the Valley Pike. To most Union soldiers and their officers, the battle had ended.
Cedar Creek appeared to be a stunning Confederate victory. It was on the Abel Tract, as well as neighboring farms, that the Union
commanders attempted to rally their lines. When the Union Army's commander, Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, arrived on the scene, he
immediately rejected all suggestions to order a full scale retreat, and instead began to plan for a counterattack. In order to restore his
army’s morale, Sheridan then rode along the length of his rallying battle lines, including those on the Abel Tract. By 4:00 p.m.
21
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 6
Sheridan had stabilized his lines and organized a counterattack. The left end of the Union 6th Corps line was located on the Abel Tract
and passed over its fields during their advance toward the Confederate line. This counterattack has been portrayed in many histories of
the battle as overwhelming, sweeping the entire Confederate line from the field. In truth, the Union advance was met by fierce and
stubborn resistance and, for a few critical moments the fate of the battle hung in the balance. This often overlooked critical phase of the
battle, however, involved some of the heaviest fighting during the day.
Due to the military engagements and battle activity on the property, it retains significance for its potential to contain archaeological
sites and deposits associated with the Battle of Cedar Creek. Placement of this property under permanent conservation easement will
help to preserve this portion of the Cedar Creek battlefield. Additionally it will continue larger preservation efforts within the
battlefield’s boundaries, including the following conservation easements: the 158-16-acre Cedar Creek Battlefield Tract, the 189.179-
acre Cooley Farm, the 39.95-acre Davison Farm, and the 11.016-acre Hudson Property, all of which are subject to conservation
easements held or co-held by the Virginia Board of Historic Resources.
The Civil War Trust, which owns the property, intends to preserve and publicly interpret it as a Civil War battlefield. Development of
the property is limited to accessory, nonresidential buildings and structures to support the continued single-family residential and
agricultural use, and installation of amenities necessary and appropriate for preservation and public interpretation of the battlefield
property.
Surveyor Recommendation:No Data
Ownership
Ownership Category Ownership Entity
Private No Data
Primary Resource Information
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Single Dwelling
NR Resource Type:Building
Historic District Status:Contributing
Date of Construction:Ca 1810
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Early National Period (1790 - 1829)
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:Vernacular
Form:No Data
Number of Stories:2.0
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Vernacular, 2-story, 3-symmetrical-bay, V-notch log dwelling, with a 1-bay frame addition, all clad in
weatherboard. The house is split level, with a side gable metal standing-seam roof. Classical 1 story, 1 bay full height wood porch with 1-bay
entrance portico with pediment, square Doric columns, and elaborate trim around the doorway.
6/6 windows, louvered shutters, 2 exterior end stone/brick chimneys. The north end of the house is original and of log; the south end is the
frame addition. There is a 2-story ell with central chimney, which appears to be original.
Original construction appears to have been circa 1810-1830; with alterations of the house circa 1840-1860, and now 1989, as the owner is
currently restoring the house.
2013: The Abel Tract contains an early 19th Century dwelling, known as the Dinges House, which is formally recorded in the permanent
archives of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources as File No. 034-0237. The dwelling was present during the 1864 Battle of Cedar
Creek, however no historic documentation indicating that the house was used or occupied by soldiers at that time has been identified. The
dwelling has been modified over time (including installation of vinyl siding, replacement windows and doors, rebuilt chimney flues, etc.) but
retains its original form and some interior finishes. It remains in residential use.
Two stories with two-story rear addition, framing appears to be log in the earlier main section, frame in the rear addition. Entire building clad in
vinyl siding; standing-seam metal roof with snow clips (some rust visible). Built in the Greek Revival style. Main section has a limestone block
foundation with a log superstructure; rear addition has a concrete masonry block foundation with frame superstructure. Main section has two
exterior gable-end chimneys (limestone block with modern brick flues), addition has one interior brick chimney. All appear to be capped.
Windows are 6/6 painted wood double-hung sash with vinyl shutters and exterior aluminum storm windows. Two modern octagonal windows
were added to the east elevation of main section. Wooden front door has side- and toplights and engaged pilasters as well as an aluminum storm
door. Two wood batten doors and one modern sliding glass patio door are located on rear addition. Front porch has pedimented roof clad in
standing-seam metal, supported on paired square wood columns, with a concrete floor at ground level. Side porch has a shed roof clad in
22
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 6
standing-seam metal, supported on turned wood posts, with a concrete floor at ground level. Interior finishes are simple (floorboards, limestone
fireplace surrounds and hearths on ground floor, chair rails, most mantels intact). With the exception of roof rust, dwelling is in good condition.
Exterior Components
Component Component Type Material Material Treatment
Windows Sash, Double-Hung Wood 6/6
Roof Gable, Side Metal Standing Seam
Chimneys Exterior End Stone Rubble, Random
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Frame Wood Weatherboard
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Log Wood Notch, V-notch
Porch 1-story, 1-bay Wood Columns, Doric
Secondary Resource Information
Secondary Resource #1
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Barn
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Large vertical board bank barn.
2013: Two-story timber-frame barn clad in vertical painted wood siding, gable roof clad in standing-seam metal with snow cleats, wooden hay
doors and louvered wooden vents. Stone foundation with an earthen ramp. Pole-frame shed addition with standing-seam metal roof and large
sliding door on east elevation. Roof and paint appear sound, foundation solid. A metal-stave silo is located adjacent to the barn, and shows
considerable rust and corrosion of staves and hoops. Barn and shed are in good condition.
Number of Stories:1.5
Secondary Resource #2
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Secondary Dwelling
Date of Construction:1880Ca
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916)
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:Vernacular
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Frame 2-1/2-story tenant house with two interior chimneys, standing-seam metal side gable roof; three front bays
and one side bay; and a full width, 1 story, 3 bay front porch. There is a one story rear ell structure.
Number of Stories:2.5
23
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 6
Secondary Resource #3
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:N/A
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: There are two smokehouses, one for the main dwelling and one that served the tenant house. Neither is
photographed or otherwise described in the survey.
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #4
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Privy
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1989: Vertical board privy with shed roof.
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #5
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Landscape, Domestic, Military/Defense, Subsistence/Agriculture
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:No Data
Threats to Resource:No Data
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
24
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 5 of 6
No Data
Number of Stories:No Data
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:Cedar Creek Battlefield
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
CRM Events
Event Type: Easement: DHR
DHR ID:034-0237
Staff Name:Green, Joanna Wilson
Event Date:4/25/2013
Staff Comment
The Board of Historic Resources has accepted a perpetual easement over the Abel Tract on the Cedar Creek Battlefield in Frederick County.
This easement, recorded on April 25, 2013, protects 64.566 acres within the core area of the as defined by the Civil War Sites Advisory
Commission, which commission has given the battlefield a preservation priority rating of I.1 Class A. The Commission defines Class A
battlefields as those “having a decisive influence on a campaign and a direct impact on the course of the war”; in this instance the Shenandoah
Valley Campaign of 1864, which resulted in Union control of the Valley and, by extension, the re-election of Abraham Lincoln to his second
term. The Commission further defines Class A battlefields as those in most urgent need of preservation. The easement was conveyed by the
national nonprofit Civil War Preservation Trust, which intends to preserve and protect the property for use as a public interpretive site.
On the morning of October 19, 1864, the Union Army of the Shenandoah was bloodied, battered and on the verge of a demoralizing defeat.
Having been routed from their camps by an audacious Southern surprise pre-dawn attack, they had been driven across five miles of rolling
Virginia fields and woodlots during the five steady hours of combat that followed. Their disorganized battle lines were, at that point, located
over a mile north of Middletown, straddling the Valley Pike. To most Union soldiers and their officers, the battle was over. Cedar Creek
appeared to be a stunning Confederate victory. It was on the Property, as well as neighboring farms, that these Union lines attempted to rally
their lines. Shortly after, the army's commander, Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, arrived on the scene. Sheridan immediately rejected all suggestions
to order a full scale retreat, and instead began to plan for a counterattack. In order to restore his army’s morale, Sheridan then rode along the
length of his rallying battle lines. By 4:00 p.m. Sheridan had stabilized his lines and organized a counterattack. The left end of the 6th Corps
line was located on the Property and passed over its fields during their advance toward the Confederate line. This counterattack has been
portrayed in many histories of the battle as overwhelming, sweeping the entire Confederate line from the field. In truth, the Union advance was
met by fierce and stubborn resistance and, for a few critical moments the fate of the battle hung in the balance. This often overlooked critical
phase of the battle, however, involved some of the heaviest fighting during the day.
The easement protects this portion of the Cedar Creek Battlefield, as well as the rural and agricultural setting of this portion of Frederick
County, for the enjoyment and education of the public. The Abel Tract is visible from Rienzi Knoll Road as well as from U.S. 11 (Valley Pike),
both public transportation corridors, and preservation of the tract helps to protect scenic viewsheds along these corridors. The property contains
an antebellum dwelling known as the Dinges House, which is protected under the terms of the easement and which is occupied by the Trust’s
property manager. The property also contains approximately 42 acres of Prime Farmland as defined by the United States Department of
Agriculture (“…land that has the best combination of physical characteristics for producing food, dfeed, forage, fiber and oilseed crops”), and is
currently in use as livestock pasture. The Civil War Preservation Trust’s acquisition of the Abel Tract was funded in part by a grant from the
Virginia Civil War Sites Preservation Fund, and easement of the property was a condition of this grant. Purchase was also partly funded by a
grant from the federal Land and Water Conservation Fund, as administered by the American Battlefield Protection Program.
Event Type: Survey:Phase II/Intensive
Project Review File Number:034-0303-0007
Investigator:Edwards, David A.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:3/14/2013
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
Baseline Documenation Survey for DHR Easement on the property.
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:034-0303-0007
Investigator:Elizabeth Tune, Megan Melinat
25
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0237
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: 034-0303-0007
July 28, 2022 Page: 6 of 6
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:3/4/2013
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
Baseline Documenation Survey for DHR Easement on the property.
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:034-0237
Investigator:Kalbian, Maral S.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:1/1/1989
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Bibliographic Information
Bibliography:
No Data
Property Notes:
No Data
26
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Labels
Individual Historic District Properties
Archaeological Resources
Archaeology Labels
DHR Easements
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.27
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0303
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 5
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Historic Cedar Creek Battlefield
Property Addresses
Current - Route 11 South
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County), Shenandoah
(County), Warren (County)
Incorporated Town(s):Middletown, Strasburg
Zip Code(s):22602, 22645, 22652, 22655, 22657
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):No Data
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN, STEPHENS
CITY, STRASBURG, TOMS
BROOK
Property Evaluation Status
DHR Staff: Eligible
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:Rural
Acreage:6,252
Site Description:
1990 survey: The Battlefield is located adjacent to the Belle Grove property. It includes one structure, the Heater House, which is
currently being restored.
November 2008: The site of the Cedar Creek Battlefield is relatively rural, in an area just west of US Route 11 and Interstate 81,
adjacent to the Belle Grove property.
June 2020: No visible change since previous survey.
Surveyor Assessment:
This resource (034-0303, Cedar Creek Battlefield) is a record of the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission/American Battlefield
Protection Program's study area for this Civil War battlefield. 034-0303 is not record of the NHL/NRHP/VLR Belle Grove and Cedar
Creek Battlefield, which has been recorded under DHR Identification number 034-0002. Resource 034-0303 is also not a record of,
nor does it reflect the boundaries of, the Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park.
------------------------------------------
The Battle of Cedar Creek was fought on October 19, 1864. In number of troops engaged and casualties it was about exactly
comparable to the Third Battle of Winchester fought exactly one month previous. The Union Army was engaged south of Middletown
following their return from Harrisonburg and the burning of the Valley, when they were attacked before dawn by the Confederate
Army of Jubal A. Early. Although outnumbered by more than two to one, the Confederates drove the Union Army to a point a mile
north of Middletown. Here occurred a fateful pause. At 4 P.M. The Union Army counterattacked and with their vast superiority in
numbers, completely routed the Southern Army driving them south beyond Strasburg. Early lost some 2,900 men while Sheridan lost
5,665. This battle completely destroyed the Confederate presence in the Valley. To the end of the war, the Shenandoah Valley would
be in Union hands.
November 2008: In 2007, the VDHR concluded that this resource is likely eligible for NRHP listing, for its association with military
action in Virginia during the Civil War. The VDHR has developed a historic property boundary for the battlefield, which includes the
full study area associated with the 1991-1993 survey by the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission (CWSAC). For the purposes of the
current study, GAI recommends that this boundary be retained.
June 2020: Given the few changes that have occurred on the landscape since that time, the battlefield should continued to be
considered potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP.
Surveyor Recommendation:Recommended Potentially Eligible
Ownership
Ownership Category Ownership Entity
Private No Data
Public - State No Data
Primary Resource Information
28
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0303
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 5
Resource Category:Defense
Resource Type:Battle Site
NR Resource Type:Site
Historic District Status:No Data
Date of Construction:1864
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Civil War (1861 - 1865)
Historic Context(s):Military/Defense
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:No Discernable Style
Form:No Data
Number of Stories:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None Known
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: Cedar Creek Battlefield has just recently been purchased by a non-profit organization who plans to keep it as open space
and create a Battlefield Park. The Battlefield is located adjacent to the Belle Grove property. It includes one structure, the Heater House, which
is currently being restored.
November 2008: The Battle of Cedar Creek occurred on October 19, 1864 and began with a surprise pre-dawn attack on the Union army by
Confederate forces led by General Jubal A. Early. Even though outnumbered, the Confederate assault appeared to have proven successful, as the
Union army was pushed back a mile north of Middletown. However, the Union forces under General Philip Sheridan staged a counterattack
around four that same afternoon. Due mainly to their advantage in numbers, the Union army managed to push to Confederates past Strasburg.
The Shenandoah Valley would remain under Union control through the remainder of the Civil War.
----------------------
March 2009
June 2020: No visible change since previous survey.
Secondary Resource Information
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:No Data
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
CRM Events
Event Type: DHR Staff: Eligible
DHR ID:034-0303
Staff Name:Adrienne Birge-Wilson
Event Date:12/18/2020
Staff Comment
DHR Project No. 2020-0416
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:2020-0416
Investigator:Robert Taylor
29
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0303
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 5
Organization/Company:Dutton + Associates, LLC
Photographic Media:Digital
Survey Date:6/9/2020
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
Field survey and reporting prepared by D+A Architectural History staff.
Project Bibliographic Information:
D+A. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Foxglove Solar Project in Frederick County, Virginia. October 2020.
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Event Type: Other
Project Review File Number:2006-1202
Investigator:Roger Kirchen
Organization/Company:VA Dept. of Historic Resources
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:3/16/2009
Dhr Library Report Number:FK-114
Project Staff/Notes:
GAI recommends this resource as eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A. As of February 2009, in the draft CWSAC "Report on the
Nation's Civil War Battlefields" currently under DHR review, ABPP notes expansion of the study area by about 900 acres to 13,867.45 acres,
and notes a potential NRHP boundary beyond the existing NRHP boundary. Also, 2100.05 acres are now under easement.
Name: GAI Consultants
DHR CRM Report Number- FK-114
Bibliographic Notes- Phase I Cultural Resources Survey VA State Line - Meadowbrook Substation and Meadowbrook Substation - Appalachian
Trail Segments of the Trans-Allegheny Interstate Line (TrAIL) Project, Frederick and Warren Counties, Virginia.2008
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:2006-1202
Investigator:GAI Consultants, Inc.
Organization/Company:GAI Consultants, Inc.
Photographic Media:Film
Survey Date:9/9/2008
Dhr Library Report Number:FK-114
Project Staff/Notes:
Please note that GAI's eligibility recommendation was made in the context of this specific transmission line project only.
Project Bibliographic Information:
D+A. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Foxglove Solar Project in Frederick County, Virginia. October 2020.
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Event Type: DHR Staff: Potentially Eligible
DHR ID:034-0303
Staff Name:ABPP
Event Date:1/27/2007
Staff Comment
Preliminary survey data from American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) indicates that this historic Civil War battlefield is likely eligible
for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and likely deserving of future preservation efforts. This survey information should be
reassessed during future Section 106/NEPA compliance reviews.
Event Type: Other
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Gossett, Tanya
Organization/Company:National Park Service
Photographic Media:No Data
30
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0303
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 5
Survey Date:9/13/2005
Dhr Library Report Number:FK-114
Project Staff/Notes:
The American Battlefield Protection Program and the Virginia Department of Historic Resources agree that where a joint undertaking is to be
located within or near a Civil War battlefield surveyed by the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission (1991-1993), the ABPP and the VDHR
will recommend that the Federal agency (or its designee or the designee's consultant) take into account lands within the Study Areas of those
battlefields when identifying the historic property and assessing effects to the historic property in Section 106 reviews. Both the ABPP and the
VDHR will recommend systematic metal detector surveys and other field methods appropriate to battlefields for Phase I work where a proposed
undertaking may have a direct effect on the historic property/battlefield.
Please see also the CWSAC data within the file for the battlefield. The VDHR GIS includes the full boundaries of the CWSAC study areas for
battlefields recorded within the VDHR architectural inventory, unless VDHR has refined the boundary by evaluation of integrity and eligibility,
or unless the battlefield is listed in the National Register. The ABPP asks that the full study area be evaluated, even in cases where a National
Register boundary exists. Many National Register boundaries were drawn to exclude eligible areas for political reasons or owner objections,
and therefore do not represent the entire eligible battlefield. In cases where VDHR has refined the boundaries of a battlefield to lands eligible
for the National Register, the study area is presumed by both the VDHR and the ABPP to be obsolete.
Project Bibliographic Information:
D+A. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Foxglove Solar Project in Frederick County, Virginia. October 2020.
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Event Type: Survey:Phase II/Intensive
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Kalbian, Maral S.
Organization/Company:Maral S. Kalbian, LLC
Photographic Media:Film
Survey Date:3/1/1990
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Project Bibliographic Information:
D+A. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Foxglove Solar Project in Frederick County, Virginia. October 2020.
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Event Type: DHR ID Number Change
DHR ID:034-0303
Staff Name:DHR Archives
Event Date:1/1/1990
Staff Comment
The Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) was also recorded in the DHR inventory at one time under the Warren County DHR Identification
number of 093-0106.
Event Type: Other
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Carter, Robert A.
Organization/Company:DHR
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:10/11/1988
Dhr Library Report Number:FK-114
Project Staff/Notes:
DHR recommendation that the 128th New York Monument on the Cedar Creek Battlefield is not individually eligible for listing in the registers.
Project Bibliographic Information:
D+A. Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Foxglove Solar Project in Frederick County, Virginia. October 2020.
Surveyor's NR Criteria
Recommendations:
A - Associated with Broad Patterns of History
Bibliographic Information
31
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-0303
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 5 of 5
Bibliography:
Katherine Grandine, Kevin May
Architectural Reconnaissance Survey for the Proposed Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC WB XPress Project in Fairfax, Loudoun, Shenandoah and
Warren Counties, Virginia
R. Christopher Goodwin & Associates
December 10, 2015
DHR Project #2015-0495
CRM Report #LD-401
----------------------------
Name: GAI Consultants
DHR CRM Report Number: FK-114
Bibliographic Notes: Phase I Cultural Resources Survey VA State Line - Meadowbrook Substation and Meadowbrook Substation - Appalachian Trail
Segments of the Trans-Allegheny Interstate Line (TrAIL) Project, Frederick and Warren Counties, Virginia.2008
-----------------------------
Name: NPS
Bibliographic Notes: National Park Service
1995 Cedar Creek. Electronic document, http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/abpp/shenandoah/svs3-15.html, accessed October 2, 2008.
-----------------------------
Name: Delauter, Roger
Record Type: Manuscripts
Bibliographic Notes: Essay on Cedar Creek, March 1990.
-----------------------------
Brynn Stewart
Supplemental Phase I Archaeological Survey of Approximately 3.39 Acres on the Cedar Creek Island Farm Mitigation Site, Shenandoah (Town of
Strasburg) and Warren Counties, Virginia
Stantec Consulting Services Inc.
December 16, 2015
WR-098
VDHR File No: 2013-0391
Property Notes:
No Data
32
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Points
Archaeology Points
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.33
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1028
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 5
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Function/Location House, 7114 Valley Pike
Historic David Dinges House
Current Sunny Side
Property Addresses
Current - 7114 Valley Pike Route 11
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County)
Incorporated Town(s):No Data
Zip Code(s):22645
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):84-A-76
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN
Property Evaluation Status
Not Evaluated
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:Rural
Acreage:No Data
Site Description:
1991: Located on Route 11 South. Secondary resources are outbuildings and a cemetery. Outbuildings include a frame corn crib, bank
barn, machine shed, stone and log meathouse, log summer kitchen and a modern garage. The Dinges family cemetery is located
northwest of the house, and there is a stone fence on Route 11 at the front of the property.
Surveyor Assessment:
1991: This house was destroyed during the Civil War and was rebuilt in ca. 1873. Many of the outbuildings appear to be from the
original house. A very good collection of outbuildings.
Surveyor Recommendation:No Data
Ownership
Ownership Category Ownership Entity
Private No Data
Primary Resource Information
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Single Dwelling
NR Resource Type:Building
Historic District Status:No Data
Date of Construction:Ca 1873
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916)
Historic Context(s):Architecture/Community Planning, Domestic
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:Vernacular
Form:L-Plan
Number of Stories:2.0
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
34
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1028
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 5
Architecture Summary, 1991: Vernacular L-plan two story weatherboard dwelling over a split level basement, built ca. 1873. Metal standing-
seam cross gable roof; 1 story and 2 bay porch with chamfered columns with brackets resting on brick piers.
6 / 6 windows, full length double 4-light french doors on first floor, louvered shutters, stone basement, 3-light transom with "Sunny Side" etched
in glass above the door. Side 1-story protruding bay, 4/4 attic window in gable end; boxed cornice with gable end returns; 3 interior flues; rear
and side 2-tiered porches; 6-light basement windows.
Major additions and alterations: rear one story wing; some louvered shutters are missing.
Exterior Components
Component Component Type Material Material Treatment
Windows Sash, Double-Hung Wood 6/6
Foundation Solid/Continuous Stone Rubble, Random
Porch 1-story, 2-bay Wood Columns/Posts on Piers
Roof Gable, Side Metal Standing Seam
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Frame Wood Weatherboard
Chimneys Interior Brick Flue
Secondary Resource Information
Secondary Resource #1
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Corncrib
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, gable standing-seam metal roof, stone pier foundation
Secondary Resource #2
Resource Category:DSS Legacy
Resource Type:Shed
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, 2 bays wide, front gable standing-seam metal roof
Number of Stories:1
35
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1028
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 5
Secondary Resource #3
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Garage
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, horizontal siding, gable standing-seam metal roof
Interior Plan:One-room
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #4
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Barn
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: bank barn, frame, vertical board siding, stone foundation, metal roof
Number of Stories:2
Secondary Resource #5
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Kitchen
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
36
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1028
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 5
Architecture Summary: log construction, gable standing-seam metal roof, brick chimney
Interior Plan:One-room
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #6
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: log construction, weatherboard siding, gable standing-seam metal roof, random rubble stone foundation
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #7
Resource Category:Funerary
Resource Type:Cemetery
Date of Construction:1830Ca
Date Source:Date Stone/Cornerstone
Historic Time Period:Antebellum Period (1830 - 1860)
Historic Context(s):Funerary
Architectural Style:No discernible style
Form:No Data
Condition:Poor
Threats to Resource:Deterioration, Neglect
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary, 1991: The Dinges family cemetery is located NW of the house. In very poor condition. Some of the stones date to the
1830s. Only two markers are photographed.
Current Use:Family
Historic Religious Affilitation:No Data
Ethnic Affiliation:No Data
Has Marked Graves:True
Has Unmarked Graves:False
Enclosure Type:No Data
Number Of Gravestones:No Data
Earliest Marked Death Year:No Data
Latest Marked Death Year:No Data
Significant Burials
Marked Type First Name Last Name Birth Year Death Year
Headstone/Tablet David Dinges No Data No Data
Headstone/Tablet Mary Dinges 1830 1831
37
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1028
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 5 of 5
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:No Data
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
CRM Events
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Maral Kalbian
Organization/Company:Maral S. Kalbian, LLC
Photographic Media:Film
Survey Date:1/1/1991
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Bibliographic Information
Bibliography:
No Data
Property Notes:
No Data
38
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Labels
Individual Historic District Properties
Archaeological Resources
Archaeology Labels
DHR Easements
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.39
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1029
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 5
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Historic Randall, E.H., House
Current Valley View Farm
Property Addresses
Current - Route 11 South
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County)
Incorporated Town(s):No Data
Zip Code(s):No Data
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):No Data
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN
Property Evaluation Status
Not Evaluated
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:No Data
Acreage:No Data
Site Description:
Secondary resources are outbuildings.
Surveyor Assessment:
"A fine early 20th century farm complex with most of its original farm outbuildings."
Surveyor Recommendation:No Data
Primary Resource Information
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Single Dwelling
NR Resource Type:Building
Historic District Status:No Data
Date of Construction:Ca 1900
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:Reconstruction and Growth (1866 - 1916)
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Number of Stories:2.0
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: This house is 3 bays wide, and is vernacular - NOT Colonial Revival, as it is described on the form.
Exterior Components
Component Component Type Material Material Treatment
Structural System and
Exterior Treatment
Frame Wood Siding, Aluminum
Windows Sash, Double-Hung Wood 1/1
40
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1029
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 5
Porch Other Wood Other
Chimneys Interior End Unknown Not Visible
Chimneys Central interior Brick Not Visible
Roof Pyramidal Metal Standing Seam
Secondary Resource Information
Secondary Resource #1
Resource Category:DSS Legacy
Resource Type:Shed
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: There are at least two sheds. One has concrete-block construction and a gable standing-seam metal roof. The other is
frame with vertical board siding and a gable standing-seam metal roof. It is also open on one side.
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #2
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Carriage House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, pyramidal standing-seam metal roof
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #3
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Privy
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
41
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1029
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 5
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: small, frame, vertical board siding
Interior Plan:One-room
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #4
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Barn
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: This is a large gambrel-roofed bank barn with frame construction, weatherboard siding, standing-seam metal roofing,
and three cupolas.
Number of Stories:2.5
Secondary Resource #5
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Stable
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, gable standing-seam metal roof, open on one side
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #6
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Granary
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
42
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1029
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 5
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: This is building is circular in plan, has frame construction, white vertical board siding, and a conical standing-seam
metal roof.
Interior Plan:One-room
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #7
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Chicken House/Poultry House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Poor
Threats to Resource:Deterioration
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, weatherboard siding, shed roof
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #8
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Carriage House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:No Data
Threats to Resource:No Data
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
No Data
Number of Stories:No Data
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:No Data
43
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1029
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 5 of 5
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
CRM Events
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Kalbian, M.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:1/1/1991
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Bibliographic Information
Bibliography:
No Data
Property Notes:
No Data
44
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Labels
Individual Historic District Properties
Archaeological Resources
Archaeology Labels
DHR Easements
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.45
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1030
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 1 of 4
Property Information
Property Names
Name Explanation Name
Current Henson, Jeff, House
Property Addresses
Current - Route 11
County/Independent City(s):Frederick (County)
Incorporated Town(s):No Data
Zip Code(s):No Data
Magisterial District(s):No Data
Tax Parcel(s):No Data
USGS Quad(s):MIDDLETOWN
Property Evaluation Status
Not Evaluated
Additional Property Information
Architecture Setting:No Data
Acreage:No Data
Site Description:
Secondary resources are outbuildings.
Surveyor Assessment:
"An unusual building form for a dwelling - may have served another function."
Surveyor Recommendation:No Data
Primary Resource Information
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Single Dwelling
NR Resource Type:Building
Historic District Status:No Data
Date of Construction:Ca 1920
Date Source:Site Visit
Historic Time Period:World War I to World War II (1917 - 1945)
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Other ID Number:No Data
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Number of Stories:2.0
Condition:Good
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: 2 bays wide
Exterior Components
Component Component Type Material Material Treatment
Windows Sash, Double-Hung Wood 2/2
Roof Gable, Front Metal Standing Seam
Porch 1-story, 1-bay Wood Other
Structural System and Frame Wood Weatherboard
46
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1030
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 2 of 4
Exterior Treatment
Chimneys Other Unknown Not Visible
Foundation Solid/Continuous Concrete Poured
Secondary Resource Information
Secondary Resource #1
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Smoke/Meat House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Poor
Threats to Resource:Neglect
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, standing-seam metal roof
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #2
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Chicken House/Poultry House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Poor
Threats to Resource:Neglect
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, standing-seam metal roof
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #3
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Privy
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:No Data
47
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1030
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 3 of 4
Threats to Resource:No Data
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: This is not described or photographed.
Number of Stories:No Data
Secondary Resource #4
Resource Category:Domestic
Resource Type:Garage
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:Fair
Threats to Resource:None
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
Architecture Summary: frame, vertical board siding, gable standing-seam metal roof, 1-bay wide
Number of Stories:1
Secondary Resource #5
Resource Category:Agriculture/Subsistence
Resource Type:Chicken House/Poultry House
Date of Construction:Ca
Date Source:No Data
Historic Time Period:No Data
Historic Context(s):Domestic
Architectural Style:No Data
Form:No Data
Condition:No Data
Threats to Resource:No Data
Cultural Affiliations:No Data
Cultural Affiliation Details:
No Data
Architectural Description:
No Data
Number of Stories:No Data
Historic District Information
Historic District Name:No Data
Local Historic District Name:No Data
Historic District Significance:No Data
48
Virginia Department of Historic Resources DHR ID: 034-1030
Architectural Survey Form Other DHR ID: No Data
July 28, 2022 Page: 4 of 4
CRM Events
Event Type: Survey:Phase I/Reconnaissance
Project Review File Number:No Data
Investigator:Kalbian, M.
Organization/Company:Unknown (DSS)
Photographic Media:No Data
Survey Date:1/1/1991
Dhr Library Report Number:No Data
Project Staff/Notes:
No Data
Bibliographic Information
Bibliography:
No Data
Property Notes:
No Data
49
Virginia Dept. of Historic Resources
Legend
Architecture Labels
Individual Historic District Properties
Archaeological Resources
Archaeology Labels
DHR Easements
County Boundaries
Title: Architecture Resources Date: 7/28/2022
DISCLAIMER:Records of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) have been gathered over many years from a variety of sources and the representation
depicted is a cumulative view of field observations over time and may not reflect current ground conditions.The map is for general information purposes and is not
intended for engineering, legal or other site-specific uses. Map may contain errors and is provided "as-is". More information is available in the DHR Archives located at
DHR’s Richmond office.
Notice if AE sites:Locations of archaeological sites may be sensitive the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
(ARPA) and Code of Virginia §2.2-3705.7 (10). Release of precise locations may threaten archaeological sites and historic resources.50
…
PHASE I ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY
OF THE HESTER TRUST PROPERTY,
FREDERICK COUNTY, VIRGINIA
by
Kurtis Rogers, Dan Dilks, Jr.,
and Edward McMullen
Prepared for
Middletown, LLC
Prepared by
DOVETAIL
CULTURAL RESOURCE GROUP
July 2022
51
52
Phase I Architectural Survey of the
Hester Trust Property, Frederick County, Virginia
by
Kurtis Rogers, Dan Dilks, Jr.,
and Edward McMullen
Prepared for
Middletown, LLC
8040 Industrial Park Court
Bristow, Virginia 20136
Prepared by
Dovetail Cultural Resource Group
11905 Bowman Drive, Suite 502
Fredericksburg, Virginia 22408
Dovetail Job #22-046
July 2022
Kerri Barile, Principal Investigator Date
Dovetail Cultural Resource Group
53
This page intentionally left blank
54
v
ABSTRACT
On behalf of Middletown, LLC, Dovetail Cultural Resource Group (Dovetail) conducted a
Phase I architectural survey of the Hester Trust property in Frederick County, Virginia. The
project area is located along the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11) in southern Frederick
County. The architectural survey was completed in compliance with the criteria set forth by
the Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB). The survey also complies
with the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) guidelines (DHR 2017). The
architectural survey examined the architectural project area, which is defined as the 101-acre
project footprint plus all adjacent parcels, as requested by HRAB. The goals of the survey were
to identify all previously recorded and newly identified cultural resources 50 years in age
(construction year 1972) or older and to make recommendations on the National Register of
Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility for all identified resources. In addition, the project area was
subjected to limited archival research specifically focused on locating potential cemeteries,
burial grounds, and graves within the project area.
Dovetail conducted a limited desk-based review in the Virginia Cultural Resource Information
System (VCRIS) of the project area and a 0.5-mile (0.8-km) radius to determine the presence
of previously recorded archaeological sites, previously recorded architectural resources, and
cultural resource surveys to inform future project development.
During the architectural reconnaissance-level survey, Dovetail identified a total of 13 above-
ground resources within the architectural project area. Nine were previously recorded with the
DHR and four were newly identified as part of this effort. Two previously recorded resources,
the Abel Tract (034-0237) and the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303), were both surveyed
within the last 10 years. The Abel Tract (034-0237) was inaccessible during the time of
survey; and therefore, an eligibility recommendation could not be made, and the resource
remains formally unevaluated for the NRHP. The Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303)
remains eligible. The David Dinges House (034-1027), Cooley House (034-0046), and the
house at 6889 Valley Pike (034-5429) are recommended for further research in order to
make an eligibility determination. The remaining eight resources (034-0271, 034-1026, 034-
1027, 034-1029, 034-1030, 034-5427, 034-5428, and 034-5430) are recommended not
eligible for listing in the NRHP.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. v
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 5
HISTORIC CONTEXT ............................................................................................................ 7
Contact Period (1607–1750) ................................................................................................. 7
Colony to Nation (1751–1789) ............................................................................................. 8
Early National Period (1790–1829) ...................................................................................... 8
Antebellum Period (1830–1860)........................................................................................... 9
Civil War (1861–1865) ......................................................................................................... 9
Reconstruction and Growth (1866–1916) ........................................................................... 11
World War I to World War II (1917–1945)........................................................................ 12
The New Dominion (1946–1991) ....................................................................................... 12
Post-Cold War (1992–Present) ........................................................................................... 12
SURVEY METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................ 15
BACKGROUND RESEARCH .............................................................................................. 17
Previous Cultural Resource Surveys ................................................................................... 17
Previously Recorded Archaeological Resources ................................................................ 18
Previously Recorded Architectural Resources.................................................................... 19
RESULTS OF FIELDWORK................................................................................................. 23
Archival Research Results .................................................................................................. 23
Historic Map Review .......................................................................................................... 26
Architectural Survey ........................................................................................................... 29
Previously Recorded Resources Not Resurveyed ........................................................... 29
Previously Recorded Resources Resurveyed .................................................................. 32
Newly Recorded Resources ............................................................................................ 38
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................................... 43
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................... 45
APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Map of Frederick County, Virginia, and the Project Area. ....................................... 2
Figure 2: Location of Project Area on the USGS Frederick County, Virginia, 7.5 -Minute
Digital Raster Graphic Mosaic. ......................................................................................... 3
Figure 3: Location of the Project Area on Aerial Imagery of Frederick County ...................... 6
Figure 4: 1864 Map of Battlefields Fisher’s Hill and Cedar Creek, Virginia with the Project
Area Demarcated by a Pink Circle .................................................................................. 11
Figure 5: 1878 Survey of the Land of William H. and David B. Dinges ............................... 24
Figure 6: 1809 Map of Frederick County, Virginia ................................................................ 26
Figure 7: 1864 Map of the Battle of Belle Grove, Virginia .................................................... 27
Figure 8: 1885 Map of the Frederick County, Virginia .......................................................... 27
Figure 9: 1937 (Left) and 1938 (Right) USGS Topographic Quadrangle Maps of Middletown,
Virginia (Left) and Winchester, Virginia (Right) ........................................................... 28
Figure 10: 1968 USGS Topographic Quadrangle Map of Middletown, Virginia .................. 28
Figure 11: 1986 USGS Topographic Quadrangle Maps of Middletown, Virginia (Left) and
Stephen City, Virginia (Right) ........................................................................................ 29
Figure 12: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources Not Resurveyed During the Current
Study ............................................................................................................................... 30
Figure 13: Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) on Current Aerial ......................................... 31
Figure 14: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources Resurveyed During the Current
Study ............................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 15: Newly Recorded Architectural Resources Surveyed During the Current Study... 40
List of Tables
Table 1: Previous Cultural Resource Surveys within a 0.5-Mile Radius of the Project Area. 18
Table 2: Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites Located within a 0.5 Mile Radius of the
Project Area. ................................................................................................................... 18
Table 3: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources within a 0.5-Mile Radius of the Project
Area. ................................................................................................................................ 20
Table 4: Previously Recorded Resources within the Architectural Project Area Not
Resurveyed. ..................................................................................................................... 32
Table 5: Previously Recorded Resources Surveyed During the Current Study. ..................... 34
Table 6: Newly Recorded Resources within the Architectural Project Area .......................... 39
Table 7: Summary of Identified Resources and Recommendations. ...................................... 43
List of Photos
Photo 1: View of Project Area and the Jeff Henson House (034-1030), Looking East from
Valley Pike. ....................................................................................................................... 5
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INTRODUCTION
On behalf of Middletown, LLC, Dovetail Cultural Resource Group (Dovetail) conducted a
Phase I architectural survey of the Hester Trust property in Frederick County, Virginia (Figure
1–Figure 2, pp. 2–3). The project area is located along the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11)
in southern Fairfax County. The architectural survey was completed in compliance with the
criteria set forth by the Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB). The
survey also complies with the Virginia Department of Historic Resources (DHR) guidelines.
The architectural survey examined the architectural project area, which is defined as the 101-
acre project footprint plus all adjacent parcels as required by the HRAB. The goals of the
survey were to identify all previously recorded and newly identified cultural resources 50 years
in age (construction year 1972) or older and to make recommendations on the National
Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility for all identified resources.
The project included a background review and reconnaissance-level field studies. The limited
desktop survey was conducted using Virginia Cultural Resource Information System (VCRIS)
to provide a background review for previously recorded resources and surveys within 0.5 miles
(0.8 km) of the project area to provide general contextual data. The field study involved an on-
site review of extant, above-ground resources that meet the age criteria of the survey.
The architectural survey was completed on June 6, 2022, by Kurtis Rogers and Dan Dilks, Jr.
The archaeological component of the background review was done by Edward McMullen.
Kerri Barile served as the Principal Investigator. Mr. Rogers, Mr. McMullen, and Dr. Barile
all meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for their respective disciplines.
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Figure 1: Map of Frederick County, Virginia, and the Project Area (Esri 2021).
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Figure 2: Location of Project Area on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Frederick
County, Virginia, 7.5-Minute Digital Raster Graphic Mosaic (USGS 2001).
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PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The project area is located along the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11) in southern Frederick
County (Photo 1; Figure 3, p. 6). The project area is bound on the north by Valley Pike and
agricultural dwellings, on the south by the Middletown Elementary School and Interstate 81,
on the west by a residential property and the Laurel Ridge Community College, and on the east
by residential dwellings and farm land. The area is primarily wooded with a few built resources
located within the boundaries, including the Jeff Henson House (034-1030) located near the
northwest boundary.
Photo 1: View of Project Area and the Jeff Henson House (034-1030), Looking East from
Valley Pike.
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Figure 3: Location of the Project Area on Aerial Imagery of Frederick County (Virginia
Geographic Information Network [VGIN] 2018).
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HISTORIC CONTEXT
As this project only comprises an architectural survey, no precontact context is included in this
report. The seventeenth- through twentieth-century historical overview follows the DHR
(2017) guidelines. The cultural context, as defined by DHR’s 2017 Guidelines for Conducting
Historic Resources Surveys in Virginia, provides general historic, social and environmental
information required for evaluation of any architectural resources present within the project
area. The following provides a background for Frederick County. Data specific to the project
area can be found in the Archival Research Results section (p. 23) and the Historic Map Review
section (p. 26).
Contact Period (1607–1750)
The Contact and early historic period refers to the time period during which the native groups
had their first contact with Europeans and European goods. Native adaptations to the changing
social and political environment of the Piedmont are poorly understood. The Piedmont was
occupied by several Siouan-speaking groups during the late precontact and Contact periods
(Mouer 1983). The material culture of the period is characterized by sand- and grit-tempered
pottery decorated with simple stamped decorative motifs, often similar and likely derived from
Late Woodland styles (Potter 1993). The introduction of European goods is a distinguishing
characteristic of this period. Depopulation related to European born disease and changed trade
dynamics are the two primary factors often cited in cultural changes during this period.
The first Europeans to pass through the Shenandoah Valley were Jesuit missionaries in 1632.
The Jesuits left no written record but passed on the information to a Frenchman by the name
of Samuel de Chaplin. He detailed this frontier on one of his early maps of what became
America (Lehman 1989). Frederick County was originally owned by the Virginia Company
but was taken over by the crown in 1624. By 1681, Thomas Fairfax, the Fifth Lord Fairfax
owned the land that contained Frederick County. This land was then passed on to his son
Thomas. During this time, traders, trappers, and explorers were venturing into the Shenandoah
Valley (Frederick County, Virginia 2020). Lord Fairfax, accompanied by a group of men, road
on horseback to a new settlement called Frederick (now Winchester) and informed the
inhabitants that they were on his land and made them pay their rents to him and not to the
Commonwealth in 1736 (Fischer and Kelly 2000:85).
During this time, Quakers were slowly making their way to the valley. This was largely due to
the new tolerance by locals officially extended to Quakers, as well as the potential for more
fertile land, better trapping, abundant forest, and water resources. In 1732, a group led by
Alexander Ross acquired a charter for 100,000 acres in the area that would become Frederick
County (Fischer and Kelly 2000:109). Over the next 40 years, nearly 5,000 Quakers moved to
this colony, allured, to a great extent, by the fact that land in Frederick County was half the
price of land in Pennsylvania (Fischer and Kelly 2000:110).
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In 1738, Frederick County was formed from western Orange County by the House of
Burgesses and was named after the Prince of Wales. Because this was technically Lord
Fairfax’s land, he felt that the land should be surveyed properly. Acting on behalf of Lord
Fairfax, George Washington and other members of the surveying party came to Frederick
County to prove to the courts that Frederick County was within Lord Fairfax’s holdings
(Lehman 1989). In 1745, Fairfax won the dispute and rights to his land, which extended beyond
the Shenandoah River (Lehman 1989). His total holdings consisted of 5,282,000 acres.
Because Fairfax was so fond of this area, he immigrated to Virginia and built a home in present-
day Clarke County (Lehman 1989). A total of 11 other counties would eventually be formed
from the original Frederick County (Frederick County, Virginia 2020).
Colony to Nation (1751–1789)
Most early settlements in Frederick County were centered along Native American paths and
roadways. All of the major transportation routes in Frederick County passed through
Winchester and they “included the Great Wagon Road, now Route 11, which ran north and
south through the county; Routes 50 and 522 which ran east–west and southeast–west,
respectively; and Route 7 which ran east to Battletown (now Berryville) the county seat of
Clarke County” (Kalbian 1992a:18–19). Some of the earliest businesses to thrive were
“ordinaries” or taverns, which served as stopover points for travelers (Shellenhamer et al.
2005:3–8).
Because the soils of Frederick County were suitable for agriculture and orchards, plantation
houses dotted the rolling landscape of the county. Enslaved labor was the primary work force
except for the German farmstead settlements, who did not believe in the use of enslaved people
for labor (Shellenhamer et al. 2005:3–8). Instead, they relied heavily on their extended family
networks to work their farms where they grew a wide assortment of grains (Shellenhamer et
al. 2005:3–8). Also, the early Quakers of Pennsylvania that settled in Frederick County favored
the same family ideal. Although there were battles or other military engagements in the county
during the Revolutionary War, it was these farms that produced much of the provisions,
including food and supplies, needed during the war. Many of the prisoners that were captured
throughout the Revolutionary War were held in prisons in Winchester and Frederick County
(Frederick County, Virginia 2020). In fact, the number of British prisoners increased so much
that a new barracks was built near Winchester by 1781 (Frederick County, Virginia 2020).
Early National Period (1790–1829)
Settlers flooded the area during the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth
century. During this period, local farms in Frederick County tended to be smaller than those to
the east. Wheat and cattle production was at the center of the local economy (Frederick County,
Virginia 2020). Milling was also essential; by 1820, Frederick County had over 50 flour mills
and many sawmills (Kalbian 1992a:22). After being ground, wheat was transported by wagons
and boats traveling the Shenandoah River to markets east of the county (Kalbian 1992a:22).
Towns like Winchester, Stephens City, Middletown, Kernstown, Gainesboro, and Gore were
hubs for economic activity due to their concentrations of skilled craftspeople, while the rest of
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the county remained agricultural with large plantation properties (Frederick County, Virginia
2020).
Antebellum Period (1830–1860)
Over the next 50 years the Shenandoah Valley witnessed a series of transportation projects.
The Valley Turnpike was widened and paved as well as the Martinsburg Turnpike and
Berryville Turnpike. In 1836, the Winchester and Potomac Railroad line was finished, which
extended from Winchester to Harper’s Ferry and connected with the Baltimore and Ohio
(B&O) Railroad (Ebert and Lazazzera 1988:44–46). These improvements encouraged further
settlement of the region with smaller communities appearing in the outlying areas. The Great
Wagon Road (which would become U.S. Route 11) was used by travelers moving west from
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, through to Winchester (Frederick County, Virginia 2020). In the
mid-nineteenth century, a regional attraction, the springs, drew travelers along such roads and
rail lines to western Virginia. The natural hot sulfur springs on Like Run located just east of
Stephenson were advertised as a resort for healthful, restorative treatments (Shellenhamer et
al. 2005:3–9).
Civil War (1861–1865)
Numerous major Civil War battles occurred within and around Frederick County. The
Shenandoah Valley’s agricultural products proved useful for supplying Confederate troops
with food, livestock, and horses. Three important rail lines transported these goods from the
valley to troops stationed farther south, including the Manassas Gap Railroad and the
Winchester and Potomac spur of the Baltimore and Ohio [B&O] which were the most notable
(Gallagher 1991). Not only did the agriculture of the Valley play an important role in the war,
the Valley held a strategic place due to its proximity to Washington, D.C. (Frederick County,
Virginia 2020). In 1861, the tactical importance of the Valley was recognized by both the
Union and the Confederacy, and Winchester, Virginia was controlled by both armies on and
off during the duration of the war (Frederick County, Virginia 2020).
The first major local battle in Frederick County was the First Battle of Kernstown in March
1862 (Frederick County, Virginia 2020). This engagement was General Thomas “Stonewall”
Jackson’s first fight in the Valley Campaign and was where he experienced his only tactical
defeat (Morton 1925:154). Jackson and his men marched north on false intelligence claiming
that a small number of Union troops were stationed at Winchester. Unfortunately for Jackson,
8,500 men were waiting and stopped him at Kernstown (Quarles 1976). Jackson’s troops were
forced to retreat. Because of the Confederate army’s perceived threat to Washington, President
Lincoln reinforced the Valley with a substantial number of troops (Quarles 1976). Even though
Jackson was defeated, he succeeded in forcing the Federals to maintain a strong presence in
the Valley, which likely aided in the string of Confederate victories that followed.
Even with the influx of Union troops, Jackson was able to defeat the Union army in the First
Battle of Winchester two months later, on May 25, 1862. This major victory in General
Jackson’s Valley Campaign displayed considerable finesse on the tactical level. From this
victory, Jackson was able to capture thousands of Union prisoners and gained much-needed
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supplies and munitions (Morton 1925:156). Ultimately, this victory disrupted Union plans for
a convergence on Richmond.
The Second Battle of Winchester was yet another victory for the Confederate army. During
June 13–15, 1863, Confederate forces attacked and defeated Union forces occupying forts on
the western side of Winchester. Led by General Richard Ewell, the Second Corps of the Army
of Northern Virginia entered Winchester on June 14th. During the night, many troops moved
toward Union camps and headquarters, and after a period of intense fighting, the Confederate
troops regained control over Winchester (Morton 1925:158; Quarles 1976).
The Second Battle of Kernstown was fought one year later in July 1864 (Frederick County,
Virginia 2020). Union Brigadier General George Crook was left to hold Winchester while the
VI and XIX Corps returned to Washington to join Grant’s army (Quarles 1976). Under orders
to prevent reinforcements from being sent to Grant, Confederate General Jubal Early marched
north against Crook. After only one hour, the Union troops were defeated, and Crook’s
divisions ran through the streets of Winchester in a panic. On July 26, Crook retreated to the
Potomac River and crossed near Williamsport (Quarles 1976).
Two months later, Union General Philip Sheridan was appointed the head of the new Middle
Military division of the Army of the Shenandoah. On September 19, 1864, Sheridan moved
his infantry and cavalry into position by Opequon Creek in the hopes of taking Winchester
from the Confederate forces (Wert 1987:43). Early’s forces were positioned in Winchester and
at Stephen’s Depot but they were outnumbered threefold (Wert 1987:43). In the early morning,
fighting began and initially Early was able to fend off the Union attack. However, by mid-day
Confederate Calvary lines were demolished. In the end, Early was forced out of Winchester
and retreated south to Fisher’s Hill (Quarles 1976). This became known as the Third Battle of
Winchester, and for several weeks, Union troops burned the Shenandoah Valley, destroying
property and grain stores (Frederick County, Virginia 2020).
The boundaries for these battles were established by the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission
(CWSAC), aided by the American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP), in the early 1990s
and were revised in 2009. As part of the 2009 revision, the ABPP created a four-tiered system
that included such factors as historic significance, current condition, and level of threat to
determine preservation priorities among the battlefields (CWSAC 2009). The boundaries for
battles, as currently mapped, include the regions of direct fighting (Core Area); the location
where battle-related actions took place such as encampment and associated marching routes
for soldiers (Study Area); and the potential NRHP (PotNR) boundaries of the battlefields. The
project area is located inside the Study Area, Core Area, and PotNR boundaries of the Cedar
Creek Battlefield (034-0303) along the east side of Valley Pike. An 1864 map suggests that
troop movements as well as fighting occurred near or within the project area (Figure 4, p. 11)
(Gillespie 1865).
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Figure 4: 1864 Map of Battlefields Fisher’s Hill and Cedar Creek, Virginia with the Project
Area Demarcated by a Pink Circle (Gillespie 1864). Not to scale. Union troop movements
likely occurred inside the project area.
Reconstruction and Growth (1866–1916)
The Civil War significantly impacted the residents of Frederick County. Homes were
destroyed, crops burned, and livestock were slaughtered with the goal of depleting Confederate
supplies (Frederick County, Virginia 2020). After the war, citizens began the process of
rebuilding roads and bridges, as well as public and private property (Kalbian 1992a:22). With
the Reconstruction period came a change in agricultural lifeways. Most of Frederick County’s
plantation labor force changed from a system of enslaved labor to tenant farming. Farmers
began growing a variety of crops including apples, which soon became more prevalent
throughout the county (Kalbian 1992a:23).
Rapid industrial growth dominated late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Frederick
County. Industries that suffered damages during the Civil War slowly rebuilt, and by 1890,
there were diverse industrial production facilities in the county including woolen factories and
mills, iron foundries, glove factories, boot and shoe factories, broom factories, marble yards,
and cigar factories (Kalbian 1992a:23). Apple production was booming and eventually
replaced wheat as the primary cash crop (Morton 1925:258). Due to the rise in apple
production, new facilities were developed relating to apple production and processing. Textile
industries, such as woolen and knitting mills, were also leading commercial ventures in
Winchester (Shellenhamer et al. 2005:3–11). Although popular during the late-nineteenth
century, by the early-twentieth century the hot sulfur springs east of Stephenson closed and
became a Catholic seminary.
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World War I to World War II (1917–1945)
During World War I, residents of Frederick County met war needs in many ways. For example,
the Virginia Woolen Company, which opened in 1901, produced cloth for military uniforms.
Many industries within the county continued to be successful during the war (Linhart
2014:128). In the early-twentieth century, apple growing remained important to the economy
of Frederick County and farmers advocated for better roads to meet the demands of
transporting their produce (Linhart 2014:102). Until 1926, the Valley Turnpike (U.S. Route
11), located near Winchester, was one of the primary “hard-surfaced” roads in the vicinity
(Linhart 2014:102). In 1927, the Bowles airport was constructed in Frederick County, further
opening transportation opportunities in the region (Linhart 2014:175). In the 1930s, it was
renamed Admiral Byrd Field.
The Great Depression did impact residents of Frederick County as was the case across the
Commonwealth, though the impacts were less severe in the county than in other parts of the
state. In 1930, approximately 8.6 percent of residents in Virginia received relief benefits,
compared to 4.7 percent of Frederick County residents (Linhart 2014:166). However, the
county did suffer from drought in 1930 which affected crop and produce production (Linhart
2014:165). As the county recovered from this period, transportation routes continued to evolve.
By 1937, the Admiral Byrd Field Airport became the Winchester Regional Airport, and was
licensed for commercial air traffic (Kalbain 1992:157).
During World War II, citizens from Frederick County supported the war effort through military
service and supply production. The Virginia Woolen Company, which had previously
produced fabric during World War I, produced cloth for military uniforms and employed over
500 workers (Linhart 2014:113).
The New Dominion (1946–1991)
After World War II, growth patterns and government expansion followed national trends
(Linart 2014:273). As elsewhere in the state, national policies which expanded transportation
routes, like the highway program, and housing policies which increased suburbanization led to
development in the county (Linart 2014:273). In the mid-twentieth century, transportation
routes continued to be improved, increasing accessibility to the Shenandoah Valley (Kalbain
1992:157). From 1962 to 1968, Interstate 81 was constructed running north–south parallel to
U.S. Route 11, formerly known as the Valley Turnpike, and it became a major thoroughfare in
the Valley (Kalbain 1992:157). From the 1980s to the 1990s, the county experienced a period
of rapid growth due to an increased spread of the Washington, D.C., area. By 1990, the county
had approximately 45,000 residents (Kalbian 1992a:224).
Post-Cold War (1992–Present)
With the urban sprawl in neighboring Loudoun and Prince William counties, Frederick County
has also undergone extensive commercial and residential growth (Kalbian 1992a:24). With
improvements to Route 7 and Interstates 81, Frederick County became more accessible. These
changes have resulted in a significant increase in both residential development and overall
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population growth. Since the 1990s, the population of Fredrick County has nearly doubled
which can be observed in historic topographic mapping where suburban residential
communities are slowing expanding from the City of Winchester on all sides. In 2019,
approximately 89,313 residents lived in the county (United States Census Bureau 2019).
Primary employers in Frederick County are in the healthcare sector, retail, government, and
manufacturing (Linhart 2014:275).
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SURVEY METHODOLOGY
During the survey, in accordance with DHR survey guidelines, Dovetail identified and
provided NRHP eligibility recommendations for all previously recorded resources and all
previously unrecorded above-ground resources (buildings, districts, objects, or structures) that
are 50 years of age (construction year 1972) or older within the architectural project area,
defined for this project as the project area and the parcels adjacent to the project area as
required by the HRAB (DHR 2017). Resources that were inaccessible during the time of the
survey, or if not enough information could be gathered from the public right-of-way, received
a suggestion of further research in order to make an NRHP determination. Any previously
recorded resource that had received a formal NRHP eligibility determination from DHR staff
and was surveyed within the last 10 years, which meets parameters set by the HRAB
guidelines, was not resurveyed during the current project.
Architectural resources identified during the current survey were documented through written
notes and digital photographs. The information obtained during the survey was then used to
update or generate a new DHR VCRIS form and to make recommendations on each resource’s
NRHP potential.
Once identified, the historic significance and integrity of each resource was assessed and the
property’s NRHP eligibility examined. Each resource was evaluated with regard to Criterion
A, for any associations with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad
patterns of our history; Criterion B, for any associations with people significant in our nation’s
history; and Criterion C, for embodiment of distinctive characteristics of a type, period, method
of construction, or that represent the work of a master and possess high artistic values. As part
of the current survey, these architectural resources were not evaluated under Criterion D for
their potential to yield information important in history. Criteria considerations were taken into
account only where necessary.
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BACKGROUND RESEARCH
Prior to conducting fieldwork, the potential of the project area to contain NRHP-eligible
architectural properties and significant archaeological resources was assessed by searching the
DHR site and survey file records, as well as examining the CWSAC maps for the area.
According to DHR and CWSAC records, the project area is located within Cedar Creek
Battlefield. See the Civil War section (p. 9) in the previous chapter entitled “Historic Context”
for a discussion of the Civil War-period in Frederick County and the surrounding region.
Dovetail conducted a background records review to locate earlier cultural resource surveys and
previously recorded historic architectural properties near the project area. There are 19
previously recorded above-ground resources within 0.5 miles of the project area. This section
of the current document summarizes the findings of the background review only; this
background review does not serve as the results of the architectural survey, which is discussed
in the subsequent chapter entitled “Results of Fieldwork” (p. 23).
Previous Cultural Resource Surveys
A total of three cultural resource surveys have occurred within a 0.5-mile radius of the project
area (Table 1, p. 18). In 1985, Thunderbird Archeological Associates (Thunderbird) conducted
a survey ahead of the proposed Meadow Brook sub-station on behalf of Allegheny Power
System and Potomac Edison. A total of three archaeological sites were recorded including two
historic tenant or mill worker houses and one indeterminate precontact lithic reduction site.
Further work was recommended if the proposed impacts would affect the historic components
of these sites (Gardner et al. 1985).
Engineering Consulting Services, Ltd. Mid-Atlantic (ECS) completed a Phase I archaeological
survey of the Corron Center located at Lord Fairfax Community College in March 2007 on
behalf of the Virginia Community College System. The survey resulted in the excavation of
17 shovel tests, of which two identified a buried plow zone (Apb). Additional metal detection
in the area of the identified Apb recovered one Minié ball. Due to the proximity of the 1864
Battle of Cedar Creek (44FK0622), ECS recommended avoidance in this area as it may contain
preserved Civil War-era deposits; however, the single artifact did not constitute an
archaeological site (Ezell et al. 2007).
GAI Consultants, Inc. conducted additional Phase I testing for the proposed Trans-Allegheny
Interstate Line (TrAIL) project within the 0.5-mile radius of the project area in 2010 on behalf
of Power Engineers, Inc. The addendum work to previous surveys associated with TrAIL
included archaeological surveys within footprints of proposed transmission tower locations,
access roads, and other support infrastructure. One new archaeological site was identified as a
result of the additional survey. Site 44WR0448 is within the floodplain of Crooked Run near
Front Royal, Virginia, and contains intact cultural deposits spanning the Woodland period.
This site was recommended for avoidance or Phase II evaluation ; however, it lies outside of
the 0.5-mile radius of the current project area (Duncan et al. 2010).
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Table 1: Previous Cultural Resource Surveys within a 0.5-Mile Radius of the Project Area.
DHR
Report No. Title Author(s)/Affiliation Year
FK-009
Phase I Archeological Investigations:
Meadowbrook Substation
William M. Gardner,
Kimberly Snyder, Timothy A.
Thompson/Thunderbird
1985
FK-086
Phase I Archaeological Survey of the
Corron Center at Lord Fairfax Community
College, Frederick County, Virginia
Raymond Ezell, Clifton
Huston, Richard Francisco/
ECS
2007
WR-073
Addendum Phase I Archaeological Survey
Report VA State Line-Meadowbrook
Substation and Meadowbrook Substation-
Appalachian Trail Segments of the Trans-
Allegheny Interstate Line (TrAIL) Project,
Frederick and Warren Counties, Virginia
Richard Duncan, Steven
Sarver, Mark Frank, Marina
Davis, Megan Mooney/
GAI Consultants, Inc.
2010
Previously Recorded Archaeological Resources
A total of three archaeological sites was recorded within a 0.5-mile radius of the project area
and include two indeterminate dwelling sites dating to unknown precontact and historic periods
and one Civil War battlefield (Table 2). Sites 44FK0055 and 44FK0820 represent a mix of
local stone and concrete foundations with small multicomponent artifact assemblages. Neither
site has been evaluated for listing in the NRHP. Site 44FK0622 represents the intact
archaeological component of the Battle of Cedar Creek (034-0303) and is recommended as
eligible for listing in the NRHP. The Battle of Cedar Creek was fought on October 19, 1864,
and is discussed in the “Civil War” section (p. 9) and “Previously Recorded Architectural
Resources” section (p. 19) of this report.
Table 2: Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites Located within a 0.5 Mile Radius of the
Project Area.
DHR No. Type Period Eligibility
Determination
44FK0055 Dwelling, single,
Other Historic/Unknown, Precontact/Unknown Not Evaluated
44FK0622 Battlefield 19th Century: 3rd quarter (1850–1874) DHR Staff: Eligible
44FK0820 Dwelling, single
World War I to World War II (1917–1945),
The New Dominion (1946–1991), Post-
Cold War (1992–Present)
Not Evaluated
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Previously Recorded Architectural Resources
There are 19 previously recorded architectural resources within 0.5 miles (0.80-km) of the
project area, with only one inside the project area (034-1030) (Table 3, p. 20). The Jeff Henson
House (034-1030) was constructed circa 1920 and is located in the northwest corner of the
project area. The dwelling has received no NRHP eligibility determination from DHR staff
and was last surveyed in 1991. In that survey, the house was in good condition and retained
most of its original elements such as the weatherboard siding, wooden fenestration, and the
standing-seam metal-clad roof. Associated resources included a smoke/meat house, chicken
house, a privy, and a garage, which were all reported to be in poor or fair condition. No
eligibility recommendation was made at the time of the survey.
The Belle Grove Plantation (034-0002) is the only resource in the 0.5-mile (0.8-km)
background study area listed in the National Historic Landmarks (NHL), NRHP, and Virginia
Landmarks Register (VLR). The Green Hill Farm (034-0081) was listed in the NRHP and
VLR. The Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) was determined to be NRHP eligible, the
Glenmore Farm (034-1422) was determined as potentially eligible, and the Harper’s Ferry and
Valley Branch of the B&O (034-5077) was determined not eligible by DHR staff. The
remaining 14 resources have not been evaluated for NRHP eligibility.
The Belle Grove Plantation (034-0002) is located within the 0.5-mile radius of the project area
and was listed in the NHL in 1969, NRHP in 2003, and the VLR in 1968 by DHR staff under
Criteria A and C. The planation was constructed in 1787 in the Georgian architectural style
and was noted as one-and-a-half stories in height and clad in limestone. The resource is
significant for its architectural style and distinctiveness of the plantation and its involvement
in the battle of Cedar Creek.
Green Hills Farm (034-0081) was determined to be eligible for the NRHP and VLR in 2016
under Criteria A and C. The main house on the farm was constructed in circa 1790 in the Greek
Revival style and I-House form. The property is significant under Criterion A for its significant
part in the history in the settlement era in the eightieth century in the Shenandoah Valley.
Additionally, the farm is located inside the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303), which
strengthens its significance under Criterion A. Under Criterion C, the farm’s main house has
unique architectural details that were uncommon in the area, such as its central-chimney house
type.
The Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) was determined eligible for the NRHP by DHR staff
in 2002. During this battle, Confederate General Jubal Early led a surprise attack against Union
forces led by Philip Sheridan along Cedar Creek. However, Sheridan led a counterattack that
resulted in a Union victory and pushed Confederate forces out of the Shenandoah Valley. A
detailed history of this battle can be found in the previous chapter “HISTORIC CONTEXT”
in the subheading “Civil War (1861–1865)” (p. 9).
The Glenmore Farm (034-1422) was determined potentially eligible by DHR staff in 2009.
DHR determined the barn on the property was an exceptional example of nineteenth-century
barn construction in the Shenandoah Valley. The two-story, open forebay bank barn rests on a
rubble stone foundation and is clad in vertical board siding. Prominent characteristics of this
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barn include its four-sided ridge ventilator and its pointed standing-seam metal roof. The main
house was not included in the determination due to its vernacular architectural style.
Also located within the 0.5-mile radius of the project area, the Harper’s Ferry and Valley
Branch of the B&O (034-5077) was determined not to have any relative significance compared
to other rail lines that were in the region decades prior to its construction. In 2009, DHR staff
determined that this railroad was not eligible for NRHP listing.
The remaining 14 resources located within the 0.5-mile radius of the project area have not been
formally evaluated for NRHP potential and comprise 11 single-family dwellings, a tract of
land, a motel, and a bridge. The Abel Tract (034-0237) is a 65-acre tract of land that is held
under a perpetual easement by the DHR that contains a nineteenth-century log and frame
dwelling, twentieth-century tenant dwelling, and several agricultural outbuildings. The
property was subjected to the easement due to its land being a part of the Cedar Creek
Battlefield (034-0303). Due to the military engagements and troop movements on the property,
the property has potential for archeological sites and deposits and warranted the protection of
the perpetual easement. The 11 single-family dwellings were constructed between the late-
nineteenth and early-twentieth century (034-0046, 034-0270, 034-0271, 034-1023, 034-1024,
034-1025, 034-1026, 034-1028, 034-1029, 034-1030, and 034-1031). The Nixon’s Motel (034-
1027) was constructed circa 1940 and the main building on the property is a two-story building
with Colonial Revival architectural elements. The property also includes a set of three
apartment buildings that have similar building materials as the main building. Constructed
circa 1927, the Bridge #6108 (034-1552) was built as a vehicular bridge. Demolished in 1994,
the bridge was replaced by a culvert.
Table 3: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources within a 0.5-Mile Radius of the
Project Area.
DHR No. Name/Address Date Previous Evaluation Status
034-0002 Belle Grove Plantation ca. 1787 NHL Listing (1969), NRHP Listing
(2003), VLR Listing, 1968
034-0046 Cooley House ca. 1800 Not Evaluated
034-0081 Green Hill Farm ca. 1790 NRHP Listing, VLR Listing (2016)
034-0237 Abel Tract ca. 1810 DHR Easement (2013)
034-0270 House, Valley Pike ca. 1900 Not Evaluated
034-0271 House, Route 11 S. ca. 1910 Not Evaluated
034-0303 Cedar Creek Battlefield 1864 DHR Staff: Eligible (2020)
034-1023 Martha Downes House ca. 1880 Not Evaluated
034-1024 Howard Kline House ca. 1890 Not Evaluated
034-1025 Wise-Chadwell House ca. 1929 Not Evaluated
034-1026 Bayliss-Seaman House ca. 1900 Not Evaluated
034-1027 Nixon's Motel ca. 1940 Not Evaluated
034-1028 David Dinges House ca. 1873 Not Evaluated
034-1029 Randall, E.H., House ca. 1900 Not Evaluated
034-1030 Henson, Jeff, House ca. 1920 Not Evaluated
034-1031 Didawick-Robinson House ca. 1890 Not Evaluated
034-1422 Glenmore Farm ca. 1890 DHR Staff: Potentially Eligible
(2009)
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DHR No. Name/Address Date Previous Evaluation Status
034-1552 Bridge #6108, Klines Mill Rd ca. 1927 Not Evaluated
034-5077
Harper’s Ferry and Valley Branch of
the B&O Railroad/Winchester and
Potomac Railroad
1831 DHR Staff: Not Eligible (2009)
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RESULTS OF FIELDWORK
Archival Research Results
The project area is a 101-acre property located just northeast of Middletown in Frederick
County. The property was a part of the Isaac Lambert farm in the first half of the nineteenth
century. Little information was found about Isaac Lambert; however, he was likely a farmer
and appears to have moved to West Virginia following the sale of his property in 1845 to David
Dinges for $3,000 (Frederick County Circuit Court, Winchester, Virginia [FCCC] 1845:Deed
Book [DB] 74:1). The Dinges occupation of the property would continue until the beginning
of the twentieth century.
David Dinges was born around 1791 in Frederick County. Not much is known about Dinges’
upbringing, but he lived in Frederick County for the entirety of his life where he raised a family
and operated a farm, which primarily grew grain. David Dinges married Catherine Miller in
1822 and they had eight children together (United States Federal Population Census [U.S.
Census] 1850). Census records indicate that Dinges was a farmer and Catherine kept house
and raised their children. According to the 1850 U.S. Census Slave Schedules, there were three
enslaved persons living and working on the Dinges farm (United States Federal Population
Census Slave Schedules [U.S. Census Slave Schedules] 1850). In 1860, this number grew to
seven enslaved persons living and working on the Dinges farm (U.S. Census Slave Schedules
1860). It was in 1860 that there were new additions to the Dinges household including
Archibald Johnson, a 15-year-old mulatto male, and Burks Wells a 15-year-old Black male
(U.S. Census 1860). Neither were listed in the slave schedules for that year and their
relationship to Dinges is unclear. Archibald Johnson is enumerated in the 1850 U.S. Census
with his mother and father who appeared to be free (U.S. Census 1850). However, there were
no further records of Burks Wells before or after 1860 found during this research.
David B. Dinges, son of David and Catherine born in 1844, served in the Confederate army
for around a year at the age of 19 after enlisting in 1863 and on April 25, 1865, Dinges was
paroled in nearby Winchester (U.S. Census 1850; United States Civil War Soldier Records
1865). Months later on August 14, 1865, Dinges received a full pardon from President Andrew
Johnson for his participation in the war (United States Pardons 1865). Following the war in
1870, David B. Dinges remained the only child living with his parents, while William had
begun a family of his own and moved into a house located on the family farm (U.S. Census
1870). At this time, David Dinges real estate was valued at approximately $50,000. The
following year, David Dinges passed away from dropsy and in his will, he bequeathed his
home farm to his sons William H. and David B., which totaled around 478 acres (FCCC
1871:Will Book [WB] 30:172). The will required the brothers to evenly divide the property
between them. Sources indicate that David B. Dinges had a new dwelling built on his portion
of the property in 1881 by Messrs. Campbell and Beaty; it is likely that this is the present
dwelling on the northside of the Valley Turnpike, known as the David B. Dinges House (034-
1028) located outside of the project area (Stephens City Star 1881). In 1885, the brothers signed
off on a new division line that was displayed in an 1878 survey of the property (Figure 5, p.
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24) (FCCC 1885:DB 101:40). The portion of land that lies on the south side of the Valley
Turnpike would become the current project area. In 1891, full rights to this land were officially
deeded from William H. Dinges and his wife, Francine, to David B. Dinges and his wife, Ida
(FCCC 1891:DB 108:157). In this deed, the land south of the Valley Turnpike was described
as containing approximately 116 acres, which contains the current project area. David B.
Dinges would sell this land in 1903 to Elliot Linden Humston (FCCC 1903:DB 124:27). The
property totaled 181 acres on both sides of the Valley Turnpike. David B. Dinges would retire
to the heart of Middletown where he worked as a Post Office Clerk and remained involved in
the community as secretary of the Valley Turnpike Company (The Daily News Leader 1918;
U.S. Census 1920).
Figure 5: 1878 Survey of the Land of William H. and David B. Dinges (FCCC 1885:DB
101:40). The project area is noted with a pink circle. Not to scale.
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Elliot Linden Humston was a native of Virginia and census records indicate that he lived by
himself on the farm in 1910 and worked as a farmer (U.S. Census 1910). It is likely that during
the ownership of Humston, the Jeff Henson House (034-1030) currently located within the
project area was constructed, circa 1920. However, it is not clear who occupied the house
during this time. As of 1930, a woman named Alice Weatherholt lived with Humston and
worked as his housekeeper (U.S. Census 1930). Earlier in life, Humston had been married and
subsequently widowed; however, he had a daughter from that marriage named Mamie E.
Humston. Mamie would marry William Ezra Coffman, a cashier for the State Bank of
Middletown, in 1909 (The Mathews Journal 1909; U.S. Census 1910). There was no further
information on E.L. Humston uncovered during this effort, other than a robbery that occurred
on the farm in 1940. Newspapers indicate that in 1940 approximately 570 pounds of sugar-
cured pork was stolen from the farm of Humston (The Times Dispatch 1940). It is not known
what became of this matter, but it can be inferred that Humston raised livestock, specifically
pigs on his farm. It was common on Frederick County farms during this time to raise livestock
including cattle and sheep (Kalbian 1992).
Humston passed away years later in 1947 (Find A Grave 2008). In his will, he made various
requests including that he be buried in a metal casket. The seventh item in his will was that the
“Dinges Farm,” formerly occupied by himself, be left to his daughter (FCCC 1947:WB
57:368). Census records indicate that Mamie would not live on the farm and instead she was
noted to be residing in Winchester (U.S. Census 1940). Mamie’s husband, William, had died
many years earlier in 1922 but had left her with one son (Find A Grave 2016a). That son was
named William Richard Coffman and records indicate that he lived on the farm in 1950 with
his wife, Julie Margaret Coffman (U.S. Census 1950). William R. Coffman was the owner of
an auto parts store in town, and if the farm was in operation during his ownership, it is possible
that it was operated by tenant farmers occupying the Jeff Henson House (034-1030). It is
unclear when the property transferred from Mamie to her son, William. It is known that when
he passed in 1964, he left the farm to his wife (FCCC 1964:WB 65:508). Mamie would outlive
her son William by six years and pass away in 1970 (Find a Grave 2016b).
Just a year later in 1971, Julia sold 145 acres of the farm to the Jack M. Phillips, Roland D.
Bush, and Frank O. Kerns, partners trading as the “Fairfax Development Company” (FCCC
1971:DB 376:221). The Fairfax Development Company owned the property for just under two
years and in 1973 sold 116.02 acres to A.C. Echols, Jr., Trustee and General Partner for the
Middletown Limited Partnership (FCCC 1973:DB 408:121). In 1979, roughly 15 acres of the
tract were sold to the School Board of Frederick County (FCCC 1979:DB 510:163). This land
was used to construct the Middletown Elementary School that is directly south of the project
area. The remaining tract contained roughly 101 acres, which is the current project area. In
1995, A.C. Echols, Jr., sold the tract of 101 acres to the Middletown Real Estate General
Partnership (FCCC 1995:DB 840:303). A year later, the Middletown Real Estate General
Partnership sold the tract of land to Jeffery D. Hester, Trustee of the Wedell Hester Trust for
the Benefit of Brian Jeffery Hester, Allen Thomas Hester, and Jason Gregory Hester (FCCC
1996:DB 862:675). The current property owners are Brian Jeffery Hester and Jason Gregory
Hester.
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Historic Map Review
Historic maps suggest that the area within and immediately adjacent to the project area
remained relatively undeveloped in the years prior to the Civil War. The surrounding area was
occupied by scattered farm houses, mills, a few roads, and waterways such as Cedar Creek to
the southwest and the Meadow Branch to the northwest (Figure 6) (Jones & Varle 1809).
During the Civil War, there were notable troop movements through the area, as the project area
is located directly to the northeast of the PotNR boundary of the ABPP defined Battle of Cedar
Creek. Historic mapping indicates that Union troops were located within the property area
during campaigns in 1864 (Figure 7, p. 27) (Hotchkiss 1864).
Figure 6: 1809 Map of Frederick County, Virginia (Jones & Varle 1809). The approximate
location of the project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
After the Civil War, there was not much change in local development. Population centers
within the general vicinity of the project area, such as Middletown to the southwest, continued
to grow. In 1872, the Harper’s Ferry and Valley Branch of the B&O Railroad (034-5077),
northwest of the project area, was constructed and ran northeast to southwest. During this time
there was also some roadway expansion, in particular the road known as Valley Turnpike
bordering the project area to the northwest was developed (Figure 8, p. 27) (Lake & Co. 1885).
Into the early-twentieth century, there was a lack of development as the project area remained
generally undeveloped farmland. However, by 1938 a dwelling was constructed in the
northwest corner of the project area. The Jeff Henson House (034-1030) is still extant (Figure
9, p. 28) (USGS 1937, 1938). After the mid-twentieth century, the only notable change in the
landscape was the construction of Interstate 81 to the southeast of the project area (Figure 10,
p. 28) (USGS 1968).
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Figure 7: 1864 Map of the Battle of Belle Grove, Virginia (Hotchkiss 1864). The
approximate location of the project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
Figure 8: 1885 Map of the Frederick County, Virginia (Lake & Co. 1885). The approximate
location of the project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
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Figure 9: 1937 (Left) and 1938 (Right) USGS Topographic Quadrangle Maps of
Middletown, Virginia (Left) and Winchester, Virginia (Right) (USGS 1937, 1938). The
approximate location of the project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
Figure 10: 1968 USGS Topographic Quadrangle Map of Middletown, Virginia (USGS 1968)
The approximate location of the project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
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Some notable residential development had occurred to the northwest of the project area during
the late-twentieth century (Figure 11) (USGS 1986). A community college to the southwest
between the project area and the heart of Middletown had also been constructed by the 1980s.
In the early 2000s, the southern corner of the project area had been cleared for the construction
of the Middletown Elementary School. Along with this school, Mustang Lane was constructed
which cuts directly through the project area. Currently, the project area and surrounding
landscape has seen little development and remains wooded or agricultural in nature.
Figure 11: 1986 USGS Topographic Quadrangle Maps of Middletown, Virginia (Left) and
Stephen City, Virginia (Right) (USGS 1986a, 1986b). The approximate location of the
project area is noted by the pink circle. Not to scale.
Architectural Survey
As part of the current survey, Dovetail identified previously recorded and previously
unrecorded resources 50 years in age (construction year 1972) or older within the architectural
project area, defined as the project area plus all adjacent parcels to meet HRAB requirements.
During fieldwork, Dovetail identified a total of 13 above-ground resources within the
architectural project area: nine were previously recorded with the DHR and four were newly
recorded as part of this effort. Two of the nine previously recorded resources were not
resurveyed during this effort due to receiving a formal eligibility determination within the last
10 years, per HRAB guidelines.
Previously Recorded Resources Not Resurveyed
Two of the 13 total resources located within the architectural project area were previously
recorded and received an eligibility determination from DHR staff within the last 10 years,
thus not requiring resurvey per HRAB guidelines (Figure 12–Figure 13, pp. 30–31; Table 4, p.
32).
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Figure 12: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources Not Resurveyed During the Current
Study (VGIN 2018).
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Figure 13: Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) on Current Aerial (VGIN 2018).
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Table 4: Previously Recorded Resources within the Architectural Project Area Not
Resurveyed.
DHR # Resource Name/Address Date of
Construction
DHR Eligibility
Determination
034-0237 Abel Tract ca. 1910 DHR Easement (2013)
034-0303 Cedar Creek Battlefield 1864 Eligible (2020)
In 2013, the Abel Tract (034-0237) was placed under an easement held by the DHR and was
listed as a contributing resource to the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303). The main house on
the tract is a two story, three-bay, timber-framed, single-family dwelling that was constructed
circa 1810. The dwelling features an exterior-end chimney clad in stone and a standing-seam
metal roof. The dwelling was present during the Battle of Cedar Creek, but no research has
been gathered to indicate that the house was occupied by Union or Confederate soldiers. The
DHR accepted an easement over the Abel Tract, which protects approximately 65 acres of land
within the Core Area boundary defined by the CWSAC. The purchase of this easement was
funded by a grant from the Land and Water Conservation Fund and administrated by the ABPP.
A total of 55 acres is located within the Core Aera of the Cedar Creek Battlefield, while the
remainder of the property falls in the battlefield’s Study Area. Due to the battle activity located
on the property, DHR determined it retains significance for its potential to hold archaeological
sites and deposits connecting to the Battle of Cedar Creek. It is recommended to retain its
status as a property protected by a DHR easement and contributing resource to the
Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303).
In 2020, the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) was listed in the NRHP under Criterion A.
During this battle, Confederate General Jubal Early led a surprise attack against Union forces
led by Philip Sheridan along Cedar Creek. However, Sheridan led a counterattack that resulted
in a Union victory and pushed Confederate forces out of the Shenandoah Valley. A detailed
history of this battle can be found in the previous chapter “HISTORIC CONTEXT” in the
subheading “Civil War (1861–1865)” (p. 9). It is recommended to retain its status as listed
in the NRHP.
Previously Recorded Resources Resurveyed
Seven out of the 13 resources identified within the architectural project area have been
previously recorded with the DHR and all have not received a formal NRHP eligibility
evaluation from DHR staff (Figure 14, p. 33; Table 5, p. 34).
The Cooley House (034-0046) was previously recorded as a two-and-a-half story, side-gabled,
frame dwelling built around 1800 in no indiscernible style. In 1973, the property was surveyed
along with a spring house, a shed, and a barn. During the current survey, the resource was
inaccessible; however, current online aerials indicate the shed is no longer extant.
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Figure 14: Previously Recorded Architectural Resources Resurveyed During the Current
Study (VGIN 2018).
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Table 5: Previously Recorded Resources Surveyed During the Current Study.
DHR # Resource Name/
Address Date Previous Eligibility
Determination
Eligibility
Recommendation Photograph
034-0046 Cooley House, 934 Ridings
Mill Road. ca. 1800 Not Evaluated Further Research
Needed
034-0271 House, Route 11 S. ca. 1910 Not Evaluated Not Eligible
034-1026 Bayliss-Seaman House, 6917
Valley Pike. ca. 1900 Not Evaluated Not Eligible
034-1027
Nixon’s Motel, Plantation
Garden Apartments, 6936
Valley Pike.
ca. 1940 Not Evaluated Not Eligible
034-1028 David Dinges House/House,
7114 Valley Pike ca. 1873 Not Evaluated Further Research
Needed
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DHR # Resource Name/
Address Date Previous Eligibility
Determination
Eligibility
Recommendation Photograph
034-1029 E.H. Randall House, 7180
Valley Pike. ca. 1900 Not Evaluated Not Eligible
034-1030 Jeff Henson House, 7165
Valley Pike ca. 1920 Not Evaluated Not Eligible
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The House on Route 11 S. (034-0271) was constructed circa 1910 and located on the east side
of Valley Pike. During the time of this survey heavy vegetation surrounded and obscured the
dwelling and any secondary resources. In 1989, a DHR report indicated that the dwelling was
in threat of demolition and was in poor condition. The same report indicated that the dwelling
was a one-story, three-bay, wood-framed dwelling with a standing-seam metal roof. During
the current survey, the dwelling and secondary buildings were not visible from the public right-
of-way. After reviewing aerial imagery, the dwelling and all secondary resources are no longer
extant.
The Bayliss-Seaman House (034-1026) was recorded as a two-story, three-bay dwelling
constructed circa 1900 in the Colonial Revival style. The building is clad in vinyl siding and
topped with a hipped roof sheathed in asphalt shingles featuring projecting front gables and
two interior-end, brick chimneys. The windows are vinyl replacements flanked by fixed, vinyl,
paneled shutters and a partial-width porch spans the building’s three central bays on the façade.
Associated with the house is a chicken house, smoke house, stable, barn, and a garage. During
the current survey, the stables were found to be no longer extant. Alterations to the fenestration,
siding, roofing, and additions on the primary resource has resulted in a diminished historic
integrity.
Constructed around 1940, Nixon’s Motel (034-1027), also known as the Plantation Garden
Apartments, is a two-story, six-bay, frame motel constructed in the Colonial Revival style with
Greek Revival-style elements. The building is clad in a faux decorative block siding and
covered in a side-gabled roof sheathed in asphalt shingles that is pierced by one interior-end
brick chimney. Windows are vinyl replacements with sidelights and features a rounded-corner
glass-block window. A partial-width, full-height, two-story, pedimented portico featuring a
fan light spans the three central bays of the building’s façade supported by four Tuscan
columns. Two one-story, one-bay, shed-roof wings extend from the core building and are clad
in the same materials as the core. A set of motel rooms that are one-story in height and clad in
stucco and vinyl smooth stone siding are located on either side of the main building. According
to a post card of Nixon’s Motel, the wings were very early additions or more likely original to
the core of the building, but the portico on the building’s façade was added circa 1950. The
motel units constructed to the rear of the primary resource reflect the modern style (Ebay 2022).
The portico addition and replacement materials made to the primary and secondary resources
negatively impact the historic integrity of this resource.
The David Dinges House (034-1028) is two-and-a-half-story, three-bay, single-family
dwelling constructed around 1873 in a L-plan with Folk Vernacular elements. The dwelling
features a frame structural system and is covered by a cross-gabled roof sheathed in standing-
seam metal with three interior brick chimneys. A one-story, two-bay porch spans the
dwelling’s façade with bracketed chamfered columns resting on brick piers. The fenestration
includes wood-framed windows with storm casings and two sets of French doors. This
dwelling is an excellent example of vernacular architecture with Folk Victorian elements in
the region. A 1991 report stated the house had been destroyed during the Civil War and was
rebuilt in 1873, but the secondary structures including the corn crib, bank barn, shed, and meat
house appear to be from the original period of circa-1840 construction, prior to the Civil War.
The secondary buildings were not accessible for a closer evaluation to determine their dates of
construction to see if they are, in fact, a part of the original dwelling. If these were a part of the
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original dwelling constructed prior to 1873, they would be a great collection of mid-nineteenth
century agricultural outbuildings. Furthermore, the property could have a possible connection
to the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303) according to the Civil War-era mapping (Gillespie
1864).
Constructed circa 1900, the E.H. Randall House at 7180 Valley Pike (034-1029) is a two-story,
three-bay, single-family dwelling in Colonial Revival style. The dwelling is clad in vinyl siding
topped by a hipped roof sheathed in standing-seam metal with two interior brick chimneys.
Fenestration includes vinyl replacement windows flanked by louvered shutters. A one-story,
hipped-roof, wrap-around porch spans the façade and southern elevation supported by turned
wood posts resting on piers. Associated resources include three sheds, carriage house, barn,
stable, granary, and chicken house. The modifications such as vinyl siding, vinyl window
replacements, and additions made to the primary and secondary resources have damaged the
historic integrity of the primary resource. The barn on the property still retains a moderate level
of historic integrity due to is standing-seam metal roof and weatherboard siding.
The Jeff Henson House (034-1030) is located inside the project area at the northwest corner
adjacent to Valley Pike. The building is a two-and-a-half-story, two-bay, single-family
dwelling constructed circa 1920 in a vernacular style. The frame dwelling is clad in
weatherboard and topped with a front-gabled roof sheathed in v-crimp metal. A partial-width,
hipped-roof porch spans the façade and is supported by squared wood posts. The primary
entrance, on the east elevation, enters into the living room on the first story of the dwelling.
The rest of the first floor is comprised of a kitchen with a dining room which are accessed by
two single-leaf doorways. A single-leaf wood door leads to a set of stairs that accesses the
basement. Floors appear to be carpeted and the walls and ceilings are drywalled. A wood
stairwell lined with a wood balustrade is situated at the northeast corner of the dwelling and
leads to a second story, which was inaccessible during the time of survey. In 1991, a DHR
report indicated a smoke house, two chicken houses, privy, and garage as associated resources.
During the current survey, the chicken houses and privy were no longer extant.
Of the seven previously recorded resources, five (034-0271, 034-1026, 034-1027, 034-1029,
and 034-1030) do not have outstanding architectural merit or are known to be the work of a
master. Many resources have undergone common alterations or modifications that have
impacted their historic integrity, such as replacement siding, replacement windows and doors,
and small- to medium-size additions. Deterioration from vacancy has also diminished the
integrity of the Jeff Henson House (034-1030) in particular. For these reasons, they are
recommended not eligible for individual listing in the NRHP under Criterion C. They have no
known association with a significant event or person and are not associated with any broad
patterns in history. Therefore, they are recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criteria
A and B. As architectural resources, these properties were not evaluated under Criterion D. In
sum, these five resources (034-0271, 034-1026, 034-1027, 034-1029, and 034-1030) are
recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criteria A–C.
The David Hinges House (034-1028) is a good example of Folk Vernacular architecture in the
Shenandoah Valley. The associated buildings still standing on the property were not visible
during the current survey and the DHR report conducted in 1991 suggested the secondary
resources could be original to the main house built prior to the Civil War, which is no longer
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extant, rendering it potentially eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. The same
report stated that the house was destroyed during the Civil War and rebuilt years later, and
further study of the property could reveal its association with the Battle of Cedar Creek (034 -
0303). Thus, it is recommended that the David Hinges House (034-1028) requires further
research in order to make an eligibility recommendation. The Cooley House (034-0046)
was inaccessible, and details were indiscernible form the public-right-way; therefore,
additional data is warranted to render an NRHP eligibility recommendation for the
Cooley House (034-0046).
Newly Recorded Resources
Dovetail identified four previously unrecorded architectural resources over 50 years of age
within the adjacent parcels of the project area (Table 6, p. 39; Figure 15, p. 40). Two are single-
family dwellings, one is a community college, and one is a commercial building that were all
constructed between circa 1911 and circa 1970.
The house at 7233 Valley Pike (034-5427) is a frame dwelling constructed circa 1911 in a
Minimal Traditional style. The continuous concrete-block foundation supports a structural
system that is clad in vinyl siding and is covered by a cross-gabled roof that is sheathed in
asphalt shingles. Other fenestration includes six-over-six, single-hung-sash windows featuring
storm casings. Modern replacement materials and additions have altered the historic integrity
of this resource.
The Lord Fairfax Community College (034-5428) was constructed circa 1970 as steel-framed
building topped with a flat roof and clad in a stretcher-bonded brick veneer. Fenestration
includes fixed metal-framed windows. The primary entrance is filled by two double-leaf metal
commercial doors with a multilight fixed panels. Additions to the original core are located on
the building’s northeast elevation.
The Commercial Building at 6931 Valley Pike (034-5430) is a one-story, three-bay, frame
building clad in T1-11 and metal siding and topped with a flat roof with a faux mansard awning
sheathed in asphalt shingles. A fixed window and sliding window are the only fenestration.
The primary entrance is filled by a single-leaf, half-glazed, metal door. A double-leaf, six-
paneled metal door serves as the secondary entrance. Associated with the main structure is a
well covering and a shed. A sign indicated this resource was once the Sunrise Country Store
Bakery.
The house at 6889 Valley Pike (034-5429) was not visible during the time of the survey due to
vegetation blocking sight from the right-of-way. Historic aerials indicate an extant barn that is
associated with the dwelling, the primary resource, was built around 1960 (NETR 1963).
According to county records, the house rests on a concrete foundation clad in vinyl siding and
sheathed in asphalt shingles. During the current survey, the resource was inaccessible, and
details were indiscernible form the public right-of-way; and therefore, additional data is
warranted in order to render an NRHP-eligibility recommendation.
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Table 6: Newly Recorded Resources within the Architectural Project Area
DHR # Resource Name/Address Date of Construction Eligibility
Recommendation Photograph
034-5427 House, 7233 Valley Pike ca. 1911 Not Eligible
034-5428
Lord Fairfax Community
College, 173 Skirmisher
Lane
ca. 1970 Not Eligible
034-5429 House, 6889 Valley Pike ca. 1960 Further Research Needed
034-5430 Commercial Building, 6931
Valley Pike ca.1957 Not Eligible
99
40
Figure 15: Newly Recorded Architectural Resources Surveyed During the Current Study
(VGIN 2018).
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These three newly recorded architectural resources do not have outstanding architectural merit
or are known to be the work of a master. In addition, they have undergone common alterations
or modifications that have impacted their historic integrity, such as replacement siding,
replacement windows and doors, and small- to medium-size additions. Deterioration from
vacancy has also diminished the integrity of the Commercial Building at 6931 Valley Pike
(034-5430). For these reasons, they are recommended not eligible for individual listing in the
NRHP under Criterion C. They have no known association with a significant event or person
and are not associated with any broad patterns in history. Therefore, they are recommended
not eligible for the NRHP under Criteria A and B. As architectural resources, these properties
were not evaluated under Criterion D. In sum, these three above-ground resources (034-5427,
034-5428, and 034-5430) are recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under
Criteria A–C.
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SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
On behalf of Middletown, LLC, Dovetail conducted a Phase I architectural survey of the 101-
acre Hester Trust property in Frederick County, Virginia. The 101-acre project area is located
along the east side of Valley Pike (Route 11) in southern Frederick County. The architectural
survey was completed in compliance with the criteria set forth by the Frederick County ’s
HRAB. The survey also complies with the DHR guidelines. The architectural survey examined
the architectural project area, which is defined as the project area plus all adjacent parcels, as
requested by HRAB. The goals of the survey were to identify all previously recorded and newly
identified cultural resources 50 years in age (construction year 1972) or older and to make
recommendations on the NRHP eligibility for all identified resources.
During the architectural reconnaissance-level survey, Dovetail identified a total of 13 above-
ground resources within the architectural project area (Table 7). Nine were previously recorded
with the DHR and four were newly identified as part of this effort. Two previously recorded
resources, the Abel Tract (034-0237) and the Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-0303), were both
surveyed within the last 10 years. The Abel Tract (034-0237) was inaccessible during the
time of survey; and therefore, an eligibility recommendation could not be made, and the
resource remains formally unevaluated for the NRHP. The Cedar Creek Battlefield (034-
0303) remains eligible. The David Dinges House (034-1027), Cooley House (034-0046), and
the house at 6889 Valley Pike (034-5429) are recommended for further research in order
to make an eligibility determination. The remaining eight resources (034-0271, 034-1026,
034-1027, 034-1029, 034-1030, 034-5427, 034-5428, and 034-5430) are recommended not
eligible for listing in the NRHP.
Table 7: Summary of Identified Resources and Recommendations.
DHR # Resource Name/Address Eligibility Recommendation
034-0046 Cooley House Further Research Needed
034-0237 Abel Tract DHR Easement
034-0271 House, Route 11 S Not Eligible
034-0303 Cedar Creek Battlefield Remain Eligible
034-1026 Bayliss-Seaman House Not Eligible
034-1027 Nixon’s Motel Not Eligible
034-1028 David Dinges House Further Research Needed
034-1029 E.H. Randall House Not Eligible
034-1030 Jeff Henson House Not Eligible
034-5427 House, 7233 Valley Pike Not Eligible
034-5428 Lord Fairfax Community College Not Eligible
034-5429 6889 Valley Pike Further Research Needed
034-5430 6931 Valley Pike Not Eligible
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APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL
INVESTIGATOR
111
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112
YEARS EXPERIENCE
With this firm: 16
With other firms: 13
EDUCATION
PhD/Anthropology & Architectural History, 2004
MA/Anthropology, 1999
MCert/Museum Management, 1999
BA/Historic Preservation, 1994
REGISTRATIONS/QUALIFICATIONS
Registered Professional Archaeologist
Secretary of Interior Standards Qualified as
Archaeologist, Architectural Historian, and Historian
Council of Virginia Archaeologists
PUBLICATIONS/PRESENTATIONS/COMMITTEES
Board Member and Conference Committee
Chair/American Cultural Resources Association (2013–
present)
Co-Editor/Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of
Delaware (2011–present)
Member/Fredericksburg Architectural Review Board
(2010–present)
Co-Chair/Council of Virginia Archaeologists Award’s
Committee (2010–present)
Fredericksburg: The Official Guide (Editor, 2013)
A Woman in a War-Torn Town: The Journal of Jane
Howison Beale, 1850–1862 (Editor, 2011)
Tectonics in the Piedmont; Environmental Archaeology
on the Colonial Virginia Frontier. Historical
Archaeology (2010)
City of Fredericksburg Historic Preservation Plan
(Primary author, Adopted 2010)
Household Chore and Households Choices: Theorizing
the Domestic Sphere in Historical Archaeology (2004)
High Speed Rail and Linear Resources in the Mid-
Atlantic. Paper presented at the Transportation Research
Board ADC50 Conference, Richmond, Virginia (2019)
EXPERIENCE
Dr. Barile has almost 30 years of professional experience in the fields of
archaeology, architectural history, historic research, and Cultural
Resource Management (CRM). She has directed the excavation of a
wide array of archaeological sites in Virginia and across the country, and
has recorded and researched an abundance of historic buildings,
structures, districts, and objects. She has written and contributed to over
700 CRM reports, and she has extensive experience in a variety of
cultural resource, environmental, and transportation legislation
including authoring dozens of Memorandums of Agreement (MOA) and
Programmatic Agreements (PA). In addition to CRM experience, Dr.
Barile has taught university courses in historic preservation and
preservation law, architectural history, and archaeology. She has also
published numerous professional articles and papers on her studies,
including articles in Historical Archaeology and several National
Register of Historic Places nominations.
SAMPLE PROJECTS
Principal Investigator/Southeast High Speed Rail Corridor Study,
Raleigh, North Carolina, to Washington, D.C. (DRPT/NCDOT).
Cultural resource studies and project effect coordination for over 200
miles of rail and 100 miles of roadway, including the recordation of over
4,000 architectural resources and more than 100 sites, and involving
almost 100 agencies and consulting parties.
Principal Investigator/Cultural Resource Study of Slavery-Related
Sites, Stafford County, Virginia (Stafford County/DHR). CLG Grant
Program project to gather data on properties throughout the county with
ties to slavery. Work included extensive coordination with the local
community, archival research, and descendant interviews.
Principal Investigator/US Route 301 Cultural Resources Studies, New
Castle County, Delaware (DelDOT). Multi-year mega project to create a
new roadway in Delaware. Studies included Phase I, II, and III
archaeology, reconnaissance and intensive architectural studies, archival
research, museum displays, pamphlet production, public talks,
professional papers, and more.
Principal Investigator/Historic Context of Commercial Resources, 1961–
1980, Montgomery and Prince George’s County, Maryland (MDOT
SHA). Developed an extensive context and architectural evaluation guide
for recent resources in Maryland. Involved extensive agency coordination.
Principal Investigator/Roebling Historic Architectural Evaluation,
Burlington County, New Jersey (Kampack). Performed an intensive
architectural evaluation and archival research on this early-20th century
planned community to house and service workers at the nearby ironworks.
Project Manager/Interstate 95 Gerard Avenue Archaeological Studies,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (PennDOT/AECOM). Manager for
Dovetail’s involvement in multiyear study to conduct archaeological data
recovery at scores of sites along the Philadelphia waterfront.
Principal Investigator/Riverfront Park, Fredericksburg, Virginia (City of
Fredericksburg). Performed extensive studies on new 3-acre urban park
including all phases of archaeology, architectural analysis, archival
research, and coordinating resource avoidance with park designers.
KERRI S. BARILE, PHD, RPA
President/Principal Investigator
113
To be completed by Planning Staff:Fee Amount Paid $
Zoning Amendment Number Anticipated PC Hearing Date
Date Received Anticipated BOS Hearing Date
REZONING APPLICATION
FREDERICK COUNTY, VA DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT
1. Property Owner(s) (please attach additional page(s) if more than two owners):
Name:
Specific Contact Person if Other than Above:
Address:
Telephone: Email:
Name:
Specific Contact Person if Other than Above:
Address:
Telephone: Email:
2. Other Applicant Party (such as a contract purchaser) (please attach additional page(s)
if necessary):
Name:
Specific Contact Person if Other than Above:
Address:
Telephone: Email:
3. Law firm, engineering firm, or other person, if any, serving as the primary contact
person for this application:
Firm Name:
Specific Contact Person at Firm:
Address:
Telephone: Email:
Please note that, if a law firm, engineering firm, or other person, other than the owner of the
property, will be acting on behalf of the owner and/or executing papers on behalf of the
owner in connection with the rezoning, the owner will need to execute a power of attorney
form granting the firm or person such authority.
Brian J. Hester, Trustee, Wendell Hester Trust
165 Babbs Run Lane, Winchester, VA 22603
(540) 336-9629
brianjhester@gmail.com
Jason G. Hester, Trustee, Wendell Hester Trust
123 Carnmore Drive, Winchester, VA 22602
(540) 336-2211
jasonghester@gmail.com
Middletown, LLC
Scott Plein
8040 Industrial Park Court, Bristow, VA 20136
(703) 479-2687
splein@equinoxinvestmentsllc.com
Greenway Engineering, Inc.
Christopher Mohn, AICP
151 Windy Hill Lane, Winchester, VA 22602
(540) 662-4185 cmohn@greenwayeng.com
114
4. Project Name (if any):
5. Property Information:
a. Property Identification Number(s):
b. Total acreage of the parcel(s):
c. Total acreage of parcel(s) to be rezoned (if other than whole parcel(s) is being rezoned):
d. Current zoning designation(s) and acreage(s) in each designation:
e. Proposed zoning designation(s) and acreage(s) in each designation:
f. Magisterial District(s):
g. Location - the property is located at (give street address(es) if assigned or otherwise exact
location based on nearest road and distance from nearest intersection, using road names
and route numbers):
h. Adjoining Properties:
Parcel ID Number Use Zoning
Please attach additional page(s) if necessary.
Property identification numbers, magisterial districts, and deed book and page numbers/
instrument numbers may be obtained from the Office of the Commissioner of the
Revenue, Real Estate Division, 107 North Kent Street, Winchester, VA 22601.
Middletown LLC Rezoning
84-A-78
101.25 acres (+/-)
101.25 acres (+/-)
RA, Rural Areas District, 101.25 acres (+/-)
M-1, Light Industrial District, 101.25 acres (+/-)
Back Creek
East side of Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11), roughly 3,000 feet north of the Town
of Middletown Corporate Limits
See attached.
115
6.Disclosure of real parties in interest.
Virginia Code § 15.2-2289 provides that localities may by ordinance require any applicant
for a zoning amendment to make complete disclosure of the equitable ownership of the real
estate to be affected including, in the case of corporate ownership, the name of stockholders,
officers, and directors, and in any case the names and addresses of all real parties of interest.
Frederick County has, by County Code § 165-101.09, adopted such an ordinance.
For each business entity that is an owner or contract purchaser of the property, please list the
name and address of each person owning an interest in, or who is an officer or director
of, any entity that is an owner or contract purchaser of the property (you need not
indicate the amount or extent of the ownership interest). Please note that this requirement
does not apply to a corporation whose stock is traded on a national or local stock exchange
and having more than 500 shareholders.
Please attach additional page(s) if necessary.
7.Checklist. Please check that the following items have been included with this application:
□Location Map
□Plat Depicting Metes/Bounds of Proposed Zoning
□Impact Analysis Statement
□Proffer Statement (if any)
□Agency Comments
□Fee
□Copies of Deed(s) to Property(ies)
□Tax Payment Verification
□Digital copies (pdf’s) of all submitted items
WENDELL HESTER TRUST: Brian J. Hester,165 Babbs Run Lane, Winchester, VA 22603; Jason G. Hester 123 Carnmore Drive, Winchester, VA 22602;
Allen T. Hester, 460 Ridgewood Lane, Winchester, VA 22601
MIDDLETOWN, LLC: Scott C. Plein, 8040 Industrial Park Court, Bristow, VA 20136; William M. Smith, 8040 Industrial Park Court, Bristow, VA 20136;
Lynda M. Gibbs, 42566 Longacre Drive, South Riding, VA 20152
116
1
MAP ID TAX MAP #OWNER NAME OWNER NAME 2
1 91 A 78A FREDERICK COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD OF VIRGINIA PO BOX 3508 WINCHESTER VA 22604
2 91 A 100 COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA -C/O LORD FAIRFAX COMM. COLLEGE 173 SKIRMISHER LN MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
3 91 A 99B LORD FAIRFAX COMMUNITY COLLEGE EDUC FOUNDATION INC LINNIE CARTER 173 SKIRMISHER LN MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
4 91 A 99A HENSON KELVIN HENSON PAMELA 7233 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
5 84 A 22 WAKELAND MANOR LC 300 CRAIG DR STEPHENS CITY VA 22655
6 84 A 76 MARTIN THERESA M TRUSTEE THE THERESA M MARTIN REV LIVING TR PO BOX 457 MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
7 84 4 8 LITTLE STEPHANIE M MAGDINEC JOHN E II 7040 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
8 84 4 7 HAPPEL KENNETH O JR 7036 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
9 84 4 6 BLOUNT HAROLD D BLOUNT PAMELA C 7024 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
10 84 4 5 THORNTON DANIEL AARON 8126 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
11 84 4 4 OWINGS JOHN K 7000 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
12 84 4 3 CARPER MARVIN LEE 6986 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
13 84 4 2 CORNWELL JASON R 6972 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
14 84 4 1 SHENANDOAH VALLEY BATTLEFIELDS FOUNDATION PO BOX 897 NEW MARKET VA 22844
15 84 A 83 6940 PLANTATION PROPERTIES INC C/O PETER C ALEXANDERSON 1454 ROUTE 22 STE B201 BREWSTER NY 10509
16 84 A 82 WANDERJAHRE INC 8021 MAIN ST MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
17 84 A 79 NELSON PAULA A 6917 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
18 84 A 79A STICKMAN RALPH A STICKMAN KATHY L 6889 VALLEY PIKE MIDDLETOWN VA 22645
MIDDLETOWN LLC REZONING: ADJOINING PROPERTY INFORMATION (as of 07-25-2022)
MAILING ADDRESS
Adjoining Property Table (07-25-2022)117
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CSXCSXMap Data Source: Frederick County, VA. GIS Department, 2021 Data. 2019 Aerial Image.ADJOINER EXHIBITMIDDLETOWN LLC.FREDERICK COUNTY, VIRGINIADATE: 07-25-2022PROJECT ID: 0127EDESIGNED BY: DJCSCALE:1 inch = 750 feet750 0 750
Feet
Legend
Su bject Parcel
Ad join ers
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Middletown To wn Limits
Pa rce l Bou ndary
µMIDDLETOWN LLC.ADJOINER EXHIBITCIVIL ENGINEERIN G | LAND PLANN ING | GIS | LAND SURVEYIN G | ENVIRONMENTAL | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY | QUALITY CONTROL TESTING & INSPECTIONS WINCHESTER, VA | ASHBURN, VA | MARTINSBURG, WV118
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Tax Parcel 84-A-78
File# 0127E/CM 1
MIDDLETOWN LLC REZONING
TAX PARCEL 84-A-78
PROFFER STATEMENT
REZONING: RZ# ____
RA, Rural Areas District to M-1, Light Industrial District
PROPERTY: Tax Parcel 84-A-78 (hereinafter the “Property”)
MAGISTERIAL
DISTRICT: Back Creek Magisterial District
RECORD OWNER: Wendell Hester Trust, Brian J. Hester Trustee & Jason G. Hester Trustee
(hereinafter “Owner”)
APPLICANT: Middletown LLC (hereinafter “Applicant”)
PROJECT NAME: Middletown LLC Rezoning
ORIGINAL DATE
OF PROFFERS: July 19, 2022
REVISION DATE: TBD
Preliminary Matters
Pursuant to Section 15.2-2296 Et. Seq. of the Code of Virginia, 1950, as amended, and the
provisions of the Frederick County Zoning Ordinance with respect to conditional zoning, the
undersigned Owner hereby proffers that in the event the Board of Supervisors of Frederick County,
Virginia, shall approve Rezoning Application #_______ for the rezoning of 101.25± acres from
the RA, Rural Areas District to the M-1, Light Industrial District with proffers, development of
the Property shall be done in conformity with the terms and conditions set forth herein, except to
the extent that such terms and conditions may be subsequently amended or revised by the Owner
and such be approved by the Frederick County Board of Supervisors in accordance with the said
Code and Zoning Ordinance. In the event that such rezoning is not granted, then these proffers
shall be deemed withdrawn and have no effect whatsoever. These proffers shall be binding upon
the Owner and any legal successors, heirs, or assigns.
The Property is identified as Tax Map Parcel 84-A-78, owned by the Wendell Hester Trust, Brian
J. Hester Trustee and Jason G. Hester Trustee, recorded as Deed Book 862 Page 0675, and is
further identified by the Boundary Survey Plat prepared by Greenway Engineering, Inc., dated
November 22, 2006, recorded as Instrument No. 070017020.
119
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Tax Parcel 84-A-78
File# 0127E/CM 2
PROFFER STATEMENT
A) General Development Plan
1. The Applicant shall develop the Property in substantial conformance with the General
Development Plan – Middletown LLC Rezoning, prepared by Greenway Engineering, Inc.,
dated July 1, 2022 (the “GDP”).
2. The purpose of the GDP is to identify the general location of the Industrial and Public use
development areas, the general location of regional stormwater management (SWM)
facilities, the general location of buffer and tree save areas along Valley Pike (U.S. Route
11), the adjoining Frederick County Public Schools property, and Mustang Lane, the
general location of ornamental landscaping, and the general location of improvements to
Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11), to include entrance locations.
3. The content and components of the GDP may be adjusted by the Applicant to accommodate
final design and engineering constraints without the need for new conditional rezoning
approval by the Frederick County Board of Supervisors, provided said adjustments do not
eliminate, relocate, or substantially alter the areas described in Section A2.
B) Industrial Use Development Area
1. Land Use
a. The GDP designates 77± acres of the Property on the north side of Mustang Lane
as the Industrial Use development area. This area shall be developed with land uses
permitted in the M-1, Light Industrial District.
b. The Applicant shall limit development of M-1 uses within the Industrial Use
development area to a maximum gross floor area of 848,000 square feet.
2. Access
a. The Applicant hereby proffers to prohibit vehicular access to the Industrial Use
development area from Mustang Lane. All vehicular access to the Industrial Use
development area shall occur via commercial entrances on Valley Pike (U.S. Route
11).
b. Vehicular access to the Industrial Use development area shall be limited to a
maximum of two (2) commercial entrances on Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11).
c. The Applicant shall construct a right turn lane along Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11)
between the Mustang Lane intersection and the entrance(s) to the Industrial Use
development area, as generally depicted on the GDP. The Applicant shall complete
construction of this improvement prior to the issuance of the first certificate of
occupancy permit within the Industrial Use development area.
120
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Tax Parcel 84-A-78
File# 0127E/CM 3
3. Buffering and Screening
a. Valley Pike Buffer: The Applicant shall provide a landscaped buffer along the
frontage of the Industrial Use development area on Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11), as
depicted on the GDP. The buffer shall consist of two segments, as follows:
i. The first segment shall extend from Mustang Lane to immediately north of
the proposed SWM/BMP pond. The landscaping within this segment shall
consist of the preservation of existing trees within a minimum 50-foot-wide
area between Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) and the proposed SWM/BMP
pond, identified as Tree Save on the GDP, and a mix of evergreen trees,
deciduous trees, and shrubs planted within a 25-foot-wide area on the east
side of the proposed SWM/BMP pond. All trees shall be comprised of
native plant materials and cultivars.
ii. The second segment shall extend from immediately north of the proposed
SWM/BMP pond to the northern Property boundary. This segment shall be
a minimum of 150 feet in depth. The landscaping within the buffer shall
consist of the preservation of existing trees, identified as Tree Save on the
GDP. Limited clearing within the buffer shall be permitted to accommodate
site entrances and utilities.
b. School Property Buffer: The Applicant shall provide a landscaped buffer along the
segment of the south Property boundary adjacent to the property owned by
Frederick County Public Schools. The buffer shall be a minimum of 150 feet in
depth. The landscaping within the buffer shall consist of the preservation of
existing trees, identified as Tree Save on the GDP.
c. Mustang Lane Buffer: The Applicant shall provide a landscaped buffer along the
Mustang Lane frontage of the Industrial Use development area, as depicted on the
GDP. The buffer shall be a minimum 150 feet in depth extending from the School
Property Buffer tapering to 75 feet in depth at its terminus immediately east of the
proposed SWM/BMP pond. The landscaping within the buffer shall consist of the
preservation of existing trees, identified as Tree Save on the GDP. Limited
disturbance within the buffer shall be permitted to accommodate utility connections
and/or emergency access, if required by Frederick County.
C) Public Use Development Area
1. Land Use
a. The GDP designates 11.2± acres of the Property on the south side of Mustang Lane
as a Public Use development area, exclusive of the adjoining SWM/BMP facility.
No other M-1 land uses except for public uses shall be allowed to develop in this
area.
121
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Tax Parcel 84-A-78
File# 0127E/CM 4
b. The Applicant shall dedicate the 11.2± acres designated as Public Use to
Frederick County, or such other entity Frederick County designates for future
development of a public parks and recreation facility or other public or quasi-
public use as permitted in the M-1 District. Such facility may include, but shall
not be limited to, an indoor aquatics center, ice rink, or combination thereof,
and/or any other public or quasi-public facility deemed appropriate by Frederick
County. The Applicant shall complete this dedication within ninety (90) days of
receiving Frederick County’s written request for same, but no sooner than
eighteen (18) months of the date of rezoning approval or unless a site plan has
been approved for the Industrial Use development area, whichever occurs first.
2. Landscaping
a. The Applicant shall provide ornamental landscaping along the Property frontage
between the SWM/BMP facility and Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11) and on both sides
of the existing Mustang Lane site entrance, as depicted on the GDP. Such
landscaping shall consist of a mix of deciduous trees, evergreen trees, and flowering
shrubs. All trees shall be comprised of native plant materials and cultivars.
3. Stormwater Management
a. The Applicant shall design and construct a stormwater management (SWM/BMP)
facility as depicted on the GDP to accommodate the stormwater detention
requirements of both the Industrial Use and Public Use development areas.
D) Regional Transportation Contribution
The Applicant shall provide a monetary contribution of $300,000.00 for future regional
transportation improvements involving the intersections of Interstate 81 and Reliance Road
(VA Route 627) and/or Reliance Road and Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11). These improvements
may include signalization, turn lane installation, widening or extension of existing travel or
turn lanes, or such other improvements as deemed necessary and appropriate by Frederick
County and the Virginia Department of Transportation. The monetary contribution shall be
made payable to Frederick County prior to issuance of the first certificate of occupancy for the
Property.
E) Monetary Contribution
The Applicant shall provide a monetary contribution of $0.10 per developed building square
foot for County Fire and Rescue services. The monetary contribution shall be made payable
to Frederick County at the time of issuance of the certificate of occupancy permit for the
Property.
OWNER SIGNATURE ON FOLLOWING PAGE
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Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Tax Parcel 84-A-78
File# 0127E/CM 5
Owner Signature
The conditions proffered above shall be binding upon the heirs, executors, administrators,
assigns and successors in the interest of the Owner. In the event the Frederick County
Board of Supervisors grants this rezoning and accepts the conditions, the proffered
conditions shall apply to the land rezoned in addition to other requirements set forth in the
Frederick County Code.
Respectfully Submitted:
By:
Wendell Hester Trust Date
Brian J. Hester, Trustee
Commonwealth of Virginia,
City/County of To Wit:
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day of
20 by
My Commission Expires
Notary Public
By:
Wendell Hester Trust Date
Jason G. Hester, Trustee
Commonwealth of Virginia,
City/County of To Wit:
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day of
20 by
My Commission Expires
Notary Public
123
TREE SAVE TREE SAVE TREE SAVEVALLEY PIKE ( US ROUTE 11)MUSTANG LANE 60' VARIABLE WIDTH INGRESS /EGRESS EASEMENT+/-11.2 Acres
PUBLIC USE
FOREBAY
SWM/BMP
POND
FOREBAY
SWM/BMP
POND
+/-77.0 Acres
INDUSTRIAL
USE
LANDSCAPING AND BERM150'
LANDSCAPE SCREEN SCHOOL PROPERTY BUFFER150'MUSTANG LANE BUFFERORNAMENTAL
LANDSCAPINGORNAMENTALLANDSCAPING
75'
A
A
B
B
VALLEY PIKE BUFFER
VALLEY PIKE BUFFER
25'TREE SAVE1" = 120'
1MIDDLETOWN, LLC. REZONINGGENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLANFREDERICK COUNTY, VA07/19/2022
CMM/
TNA
1
0127E151 Windy Hill LaneWinchester, Virginia 22602Telephone: (540) 662-4185Fax: (540) 722-9528www.greenwayeng.comFND1971ENGINEERINGSHEET OF
DESIGNED BY:
FILE NO.
SCALE:
DATE:PROUDLY SERVING VIRGINIA & WEST VIRGINIAOFFICES IN: WINCHESTER, VA & MARTINSBURG, WVPROJECT INFORMATION / SUMMARY
Tax Map #: 84-A-78
Address: 7165 Valley Pike,
Middletown, VA
Size: 101.25 acres
Proposed Zoning: M1
Land Use:Development Areas
Industrial +/- 77 Acres
Public +/- 11.2 Acres
50' TREE SAVE
124
710
720
730
740
0+00 0+50 1+00 1+50 2+00 2+50 3+00 3+50 4+00 4+50 5+00 5+30
750
PROPOSE
RIGHT TURN
TAPER
S. BOUND LN N. BOUND LN
VALLEY PIKE ( US ROUTE 11)
EXISTING
POWER POLE
AND LINES
VALLEY PIKE
CENTERLINE
SWM BMP /
FORE BAY
PARKING OR
PAD SITE AREA
EXISTING VEGETATION TO REMAIN
APPROXIMATE
PROPERTY LINE
OR RIGHT OF WAY
APPROXIMATE
PROPERTY LINE
OR RIGHT OF WAY
PROP. 25' LANDSCAPE SCREEN
C/L
CENTER
TURN LN
PROP. SWM BMP AND FORE BAY
EX. GRADE
PROP. GRADE
710
720
730
740
750
710
720
730
740
0+00 0+50 1+00 1+50 2+00 2+50 3+00 3+50 4+00 4+50 5+00 5+30
750
PROPOSE
RIGHT TURN
TAPER
S. BOUND LN N. BOUND LN
VALLEY PIKE ( US ROUTE 11)
EXISTING
POWER POLE
AND LINES
VALLEY PIKE
CENTERLINE
SWM BMP /
FORE BAY
APPROXIMATE
PROPERTY LINE
OR RIGHT OF WAY
APPROXIMATE
PROPERTY LINE
OR RIGHT OF WAY
PROP. 25' ORNAMENTAL PLANTINGS
BETWEEN VALLEY PIKE AND
PROPOSE SWM BMP POND
C/L
CENTER
TURN LN
PROP. SWM BMP AND FORE BAY
EX. GRADE
PROP. GRADE
710
720
730
740
750
700 700
PROP. GRADE
PROP. GRADE
EXISTING PLANTS
EXISTING VEGETATION
EX. GRADE
EX. GRADE
EX. GRADE
EX. GRADE 151 Windy Hill LaneWinchester, Virginia 22602Telephone: (540) 662-4185Fax: (540) 722-9528www.greenwayeng.comFND1971ENGINEERINGSHEET OF
DESIGNED BY:
FILE NO.
SCALE:
DATE:PROUDLY SERVING VIRGINIA & WEST VIRGINIAOFFICES IN: WINCHESTER, VA & MARTINSBURG, WVV: 1"=20'
1MIDDLETOWN, LLC. REZONINGCROSS SECTIONS A-A AND B-BFREDERICK COUNTY, VA07/19/2022
CMM/
TNA
1
0127E
H: 1"=20'
PROJECT INFORMATION / SUMMARY
Tax Map #: 84-A-78
Address: 7165 Valley Pike,
Middletown, VA
Size: 101.25 acres
Proposed Zoning: M1
Land Use:
Industrial +/- 77 Acres
Public +/- 11.2 Acres
125
MIDDLETOWN, LLC
REZONING
IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT
Tax Parcel 84-A-78
Back Creek Magisterial District
Frederick County, Virginia
July 29, 2022
Current Owner: Wendell Hester Trust
Brian J. Hester, Trustee & Jason G. Hester, Trustee
Applicant: Middletown, LLC
Contact Person: Christopher Mohn, AICP
Greenway Engineering, Inc.
151 Windy Hill Lane
Winchester, VA 22602
540-662-4185
126
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Middletown, LLC Rezoning
File #0127E
2
MIDDLETOWN, LLC
REZONING
IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report has been prepared for the purpose of assessing the impact to Fredrick County of
the proffered rezoning of 101.25± acres from RA, Rural Areas District to M-1, Light
Industrial District, as proposed by Middletown, LLC (Applicant). The subject property is
identified as Tax Parcel 84-A-78 and located on the east side of Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11
South) roughly 3,000 feet north of the Town of Middletown Corporate Limits. The subject
property is currently owned by the Wendell Hester Trust, Brian J. Hester Trustee and Jason
G. Hester Trustee.
The Applicant proposes to rezone the subject property to allow development of a mix of
industrial and public uses as permitted by the M-1 District. Specifically, as shown on the
proffered General Development Plan (GDP), the Applicant seeks to establish an Industrial
Use land bay totaling approximately 77± acres, within which light industrial uses would be
permitted to develop up to a maximum gross floor area of 848,000 square feet.
The Applicant further proposes a Public Use land bay comprised of approximately 11.2±
acres that will be reserved for future dedication to Frederick County for development of
public or quasi-public uses. Ultimate use of this acreage will be at the discretion of Frederick
County. That said, the site’s proximity to Interstate 81 and adjacency to Middletown
Elementary School make it well suited for parks and recreation uses, such as, but not limited
to, an indoor aquatic center, ice rink, or other passive or active facilities to meet community
needs.
The inclusion of the public use component represents a unique approach to achieving the
mixed-use concept envisioned for the subject property by the Frederick County
Comprehensive Plan (Comprehensive Plan). Specifically, by combining the proffered
reservation of land for public use with the wide array of light industrial uses permitted in the
M-1 District, this rezoning provides a framework for ensuring the subject property develops
with a diverse mix of land uses. As such, the proposed rezoning application will promote
realization of the long-term vision for the subject property and is therefore aligned with the
applicable provisions of the Comprehensive Plan.
The Applicant has proffered to mitigate the impacts attributable to the proposed rezoning
through a combination of design features and monetary contributions. To minimize impacts
to adjoining uses, extensive buffers comprised of existing mature trees along with
supplemental landscaping will be provided along Valley Pike, Mustang Lane, and the site
boundary with Middletown Elementary School. Additionally, vehicular access to the
Industrial Use land bay will be prohibited on Mustang Lane, with access for such traffic
127
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Middletown, LLC Rezoning
File #0127E
3
instead limited to two entrances on Valley Pike served by dedicated right and left turn lanes.
The combination of these features will ensure the physical integration of the proposed
industrial uses into the surrounding community with minimal disruption to established
residential and institutional uses.
The traffic analysis prepared by Wells + Associates (Wells) for this application indicates that
intersections impacted by the projected industrial trips will function at acceptable level of
service conditions, assuming signalization of the Interstate 81 northbound ramp/Reliance
Road and the Valley Pike/Reliance Road intersections. The latter signalization is proffered
to be completed by the developer of the Village at Middletown project when requested by
VDOT. The Wells analysis indicates that signalization of the Interstate 81 northbound
ramp/Reliance Road intersection will be needed regardless of this rezoning application, as
this improvement will be required to address the impacts of regional traffic growth and
construction of previously approved developments. While not solely responsible for the need
for this regional transportation improvement, the Applicant has proffered a monetary
contribution of $300,000 for use by Frederick County and VDOT in completing the
signalization project. Alternatively, this contribution could be combined with other funding
sources by Frederick County and VDOT to complete other needed improvements in and
around the interchange area. In either case, the Applicant’s proffered contribution will
ensure that any potential impacts to the surrounding road network are effectively mitigated.
Site and Application Information
Location: East side of Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11), approximately
3,000 feet north of Town of Middletown
Magisterial District: Back Creek District
Property ID Numbers: 84-A-78
Current Zoning: RA, Rural Areas District
Current Use: Undeveloped
Proposed Zoning: M1, Light Industrial District with proffers
Proposed Use: Industrial and Public
Total Rezoning Area: 101.25±-acres
Rezoning Area Breakdown: 77± acres – Industrial Use Development Area
11.2± acres – Public Use Development Area
13.05± acres – SWM/BMP and Proffered Buffer Areas
128
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Middletown, LLC Rezoning
File #0127E
4
FREDERICK COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
Sewer and Water Service Area
The Sewer and Water Service Area (SWSA) is generally consistent with the UDA, but also
extends outside of the UDA to accommodate areas of the County in which commercial,
industrial, and institutional land uses are desired, but residential development is not. The
subject property is currently located wholly within the SWSA as established by the
Middletown/Lord Fairfax Sewer and Water Service Area Plan and is therefore properly
situated for development served by public water and sewer.
Comprehensive Plan Conformity
The subject property is a component of the Middletown/Lord Fairfax Sewer and Water
Service Area Plan, which is a small area plan within the Frederick County Comprehensive
Plan (Comprehensive Plan). The Area Plan designates the subject property for future Mixed-
use Industrial/Office land use. Neither the Area Plan nor Comprehensive Plan describe the
intended characteristics of this land use designation, meaning there are no policy guidelines
for how industrial and/or office uses are expected to be configured or allocated on properties
designated Mixed-use Industrial/Office. The M-1 District permits a variety of light
industrial, institutional, and office uses by right and is therefore an appropriate zoning
category through which the intended mix of uses can be achieved.
The proffered General Development Plan (GDP) designates an approximately 77±-acre land
bay for development of industrial land uses, identified as the Industrial Use land bay.
Additionally, the Applicant has proffered to reserve approximately 11.2± acres of the subject
property for future development of public uses, identified as the Public Use land bay. While
Frederick County will have discretion regarding the ultimate use of the acreage, the site is
well situated as a potential location for a regional parks and recreation facility that includes
an indoor aquatic center and/or ice rink. Regardless of the type of public facility ultimately
developed, by combining the proffered reservation of land for public use with the wide array
of uses permitted in the M-1 District, this rezoning provides a framework for ensuring the
subject property develops with a diverse mix of land uses as envisioned by the
Comprehensive Plan.
SUITABILITY OF THE SITE
Access
The subject property has approximately 2,275± feet of frontage on the east side of Valley
Pike (U.S. Route 11) and is bifurcated by Mustang Lane, a private access easement roadway
that provides access to Middletown Elementary School. To avoid impacts to the adjoining
school use, the Applicant has proffered to prohibit access to the Industrial Use land bay from
Mustang Lane. As such, only public uses will be accessed via Mustang Lane. Access to the
Industrial Use land bay will be provided by two commercial entrances on Valley Pike served
by a dedicated right turn lane and the existing dual use left turn lane. The traffic analysis
129
Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Middletown, LLC Rezoning
File #0127E
5
prepared by Wells + Associated for this application indicates that this access arrangement
will adequately serve the planned industrial uses, and further that VDOT entrance spacing
requirements can be satisfied.
Flood Plains
The 101.25±-acre subject property does not contain areas of floodplain as demonstrated on
FEMA NFIP Map #51069C0320E Effective Date January 29, 2021.
Wetlands
A Wetland Delineation Report was prepared for the subject property by Greenway
Engineering, Inc., dated April 7, 2021. The delineation identified one Pond (Pond A) and
three stream channels (Stream A, Stream B, and Stream C) within the site area. Stream A is
approximately 1-2 feet wide located in the northeast corner of the site. Stream A flows from
the west and feeds into Pond A and then outfalls from Pond A and flows east offsite to a
culvert under I-81. Stream B is located roughly in the eastern center of the project boundary
and is approximately 1-3 feet wide. Stream B flows from the north to the southeast south
before flowing offsite to the east into a culvert under I-81. Stream C is approximately 1-2
feet wide and flows into stream B. Stream C was mostly dry during field investigation.
Sporadic erosional channels were observed on the southwest portion of the property most
likely the result of receiving stormwater runoff from the adjacent school and Mustang Lane.
These features were not deemed streams based on field observations. Pond A is
approximately 0.23 acres in total size located in the northeastern portion of the site. One data
point was collected during the wetland delineation behind the dam of the pond to
demonstrate that no wetlands were in that area. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
confirmed these findings upon issuance of Jurisdictional Determination NAO-2021-01189,
dated July 27, 2021. All delineated wetland areas can be avoided during site development.
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Greenway Engineering July 29, 2022 Middletown, LLC Rezoning
File #0127E
6
Soil Types
The subject property contains soil types as demonstrated by the Soil Survey of Frederick
County, Virginia and the Frederick County GIS Database. The following soil types are
present on site:
1C - Berks Channery silt loam 8 to 15 percent slopes: these soils are described as
having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of
moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained soils that have
moderately fine texture coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water
transmission.
3B - Blairton silt loam 2 to 7 percent slopes: these soils are described as having a
drained area of slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of
soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of
moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
3B - Blairton silt loam 2 to 7 percent slopes: these soils are described as having an
undrained area of very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly
wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that
have a high-water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface,
and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very
slow rate of water transmission.
5B - Carbo silt loam 2 to 7 percent slopes: these soils are described as having a very
slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that have a high-water
table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are
shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water
transmission.
6C – Carbo-Oaklet, very rocky silt loams 2 to 15 percent slopes: these soils are
described as having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential,
soils that have a high-water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the
surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a
very slow rate of water transmission.
8B - Chilhowie silty clay loam 2 to 7 percent slopes: these soils are described as
having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet.
These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that have a
high-water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and
soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow
rate of water transmission.
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8C - Chilhowie silty clay loam 7 to 15 percent slopes: these soils are described as
having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet.
These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that have a
high-water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and
soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow
rate of water transmission.
32B - Oaklet silt loam 2 to 7 percent slopes: these soils are described as having a
slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a
layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine
texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission.
32C - Oaklet silt loam 7 to 15 percent slopes: these soils are described as having a
slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a
layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine
texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission.
41D – Weikert-Berks channery silt loam 15 to 25 percent slopes: these soils are
described as having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential,
soils that have a high-water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the
surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a
very slow rate of water transmission.
Other Environmental Features
The property does not contain areas of steep slope, lakes or natural stormwater retention
areas as defined by the Frederick County Zoning Ordinance. The subject property is also
located in the geographic portion of the County that is underlain by karst geology. This
environmental feature will not constrain development of future M-1 uses and will be
managed during final engineering design in accordance with all applicable ordinances and
regulations.
SURROUNDING PROPERTIES
Adjoining property zoning and present use:
North: RA, Rural Areas District Use: Agricultural/Residential
South: RA, Rural Areas District Use: Institutional
East: RA, Rural Areas District Use: Agricultural/Residential
West: RA, Rural Areas District Use: Agricultural/Residential
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TRANSPORTATION
Wells + Associates prepared a traffic impact study for the development of industrial uses on
the subject property. The existing conditions analysis indicates that all study intersections
currently operate at an acceptable level-of-service (LOS) “C” or better during the weekday
AM and PM peak hours. With the addition of regional traffic growth and the construction of
pipeline developments (e.g., background traffic growth), the I-81 NB Ramp/Reliance Road
and the Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11)/Reliance Road intersections are projected to operate
beyond capacity and require signalization to maintain acceptable levels-of-service.
The Industrial Use land bay is planned to be built in a single phase by 2025. This land bay is
proposed to include a maximum of 848,000 square feet (S.F.) of light industrial uses that are
estimated to generate 580 AM peak hour trips (510 in and 70 out), 188 PM peak hour trips
(26 in and 162 out), and 3,239 average daily (24-hour) trips when fully occupied. Trucks
would account for eight (8) AM peak hour, eight (8) PM peak hour, and 212 daily trips.
With the addition of the site’s industrial traffic, acceptable levels-of-service at I-81 NB
Ramp/Reliance Road and the Valley Pike (U.S. Route 11)/Reliance Road intersections would
continue to be maintained assuming the installation of traffic signals. While I-81 SB
Ramp/Reliance Road intersection would approach capacity under stop-control conditions,
and installing a traffic signal, while not essential, would improve the overall level-of-service.
This signal would likely be installed in conjunction with signalization of the adjacent I-81
NB Ramp intersection. All proposed traffic signals would satisfy warrants for signalization
and have been previously recommended in other area traffic studies, and therefore represent
existing improvement needs. All other study intersections are anticipated to operate at an
acceptable level-of-service.
Acceptable levels-of-service would be maintained at the stie driveways whether one or two
entrances are provided. The proposed access would meet VDOT spacing standards but would
warrant exclusive right and left turn lanes, with the existing dual-left turn lane being
sufficient for such access.
The Applicant has proffered to make a monetary contribution in the amount of $300,000 for
use by Frederick County and VDOT to address projected signalization requirements at study
area intersections and related improvements. The signal at the Valley Pike/Reliance Road
intersection is proffered to be installed by the developer of the Village at Middletown project
when requested by VDOT. As such, the Applicant’s contribution can be targeted to ensure
acceptable level-of-service conditions at the I-81 NB Ramp/Reliance Road intersection or
leveraged by Frederick County and VDOT to complete other improvements in and around
the interchange area. Coupled with access-related improvements, the monetary contribution
toward regional road improvements will ensure that all traffic-related impacts of the
proposed rezoning are effectively mitigated.
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PUBLIC WATER AND SEWER
The subject property is located within the Sewer and Water Service Area (SWSA) and is
therefore entitled to be served by public water and sewer pursuant to applicable County
policy. Existing development within the Middletown/Lord Fairfax SWSA obtains public
water from the City of Winchester and public sewer from the Town of Middletown.
However, with a 2014 update to the Area Plan, the Board of Supervisors identified Frederick
Water as the required service provider for any new development within the Middletown/Lord
Fairfax SWSA, even though the nearest Frederick Water infrastructure is located roughly 5
miles north of the SWSA boundary. The Applicant has been engaged with Frederick Water
and the Town of Middletown to determine the agreements and system requirements
necessary to serve the subject property in conformance with this policy. These discussions
remain ongoing and will continue while this rezoning application moves forward, with the
expectation that a mutually agreeable approach to serving the site will be reached.
Water Supply
Using current utility planning guidelines, analysis of the public water demand for the
Industrial Use land bay determined a maximum capacity need of 20,000 GPD, assuming a
maximum gross floor area (GFA) of 848,000 SF. A 24-inch water main owned by the City
of Winchester extends along the length of the site frontage within the Valley Pike right-of-
way. A meter extends off this main into the subject property, from which an 8-inch water
line extends within the Mustang Lane private access easement to Middletown Elementary
School. The City of Winchester previously provided a “will serve” letter to the Applicant
indicating sufficient capacity to serve the proposed industrial development on the site, and
preliminary dialogue with Frederick Water indicates it too can meet this demand with
installation of required infrastructure.
Sewage Conveyance and Treatment
The subject property contains existing sewer infrastructure that includes a privately
maintained sanitary sewer pump station and 8-inch gravity sewer main. Such infrastructure
currently conveys effluent flows from Middletown Elementary School to the Town of
Middletown system via inter-connected 4-inch and 6-inch force mains extending along
Valley Pike. In addition to flows originating from the elementary school, the 6-inch segment
of the Valley Pike force main also conveys effluent from Lord Fairfax Community College
(LFCC). Upon reaching the Town of Middletown’s system, the flows convey via gravity
mains to the Town’s wastewater treatment plant.
Development of the Industrial Use land bay is anticipated to require peak flow capacity of 35
gpm. Per the design plans, the existing pump station is operating (per the design plans) at 93
gpm. The existing school utilizes in their peak month a flow of 18 gpm (3,420 GPD over an
8-hour period). Flow calculations show the existing pump station and subsequent force main
has appropriate capacity to handle the anticipated flows from the proposed industrial uses.
Given these capacities, the Applicant has proposed using these existing systems to the extent
possible and will seek to incorporate such use into the ultimate service agreements forged
between Frederick Water and the Town of Middletown.
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SITE DRAINAGE
The topographic relief on the subject property generally follows a northeast to southwest
pattern which directs drainage from the subject property towards the front of the property
towards Valley Pike (Route 11). A complete stormwater management plan will be designed
at the time of final engineering design. All associated stormwater quantity and quality
measures will be designed in conformance with all applicable state and local regulations;
therefore, site drainage and stormwater management impacts to adjoining properties and the
community will be mitigated. Based on preliminary analysis, the Applicant has identified the
location of regional SWM/BMP facilities on the GDP that will be designed and constructed
to serve both the Industrial Use and Public Use development areas.
HISTORICAL SITES AND STRUCTURES
The Frederick County Rural Landmarks Survey identifies the presence of the Jeff Henson
House (DHR ID 034-1030) on the subject property but does not indicate any potential
significance. Three other surveyed resources exist in proximity of the site, identified as the
Abel Tract (DHR 032-0237), Sunnyside (DHR 034-1028), and Valley View Farm (DHR
034-1029). The Abel Tract is associated with the Cedar Creek Battlefield and is subject to an
easement held by the Board of Historic Resources.
The National Park Service Study of Civil War Sites in the Shenandoah Valley identifies the
subject property as being located within the Battle of Cedar Creek study area boundary (DHR
ID 034-0303); however, the subject property is located well outside of the defined core
battlefield area and is also defined as having lost integrity due to existing development
patterns. That said, due to the Civil War history in the Middletown area and proximity of the
resources noted above, the Applicant commissioned Dovetail Associates to complete a
Cultural Resources Survey to validate these conditions. The findings of Dovetail’s report
confirm that the site did not play a significant role in the Battle of Cedar Creek or other Civil
War action, and further that no other potentially significant resources are located on the
subject property. Therefore, the proposed rezoning of the subject property will not generate
negative impacts associated with historic resources.
135
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