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HRAB 06-15-10 Meeting AgendaMEMORANDUM TO: Historic Resources Advisory Board FROM: Eric R. Lawrence, AICP, Planning Director RE: June 2010 HRAB Meeting Agenda DATE: June 8, 2010 COUNTY of FREDERICK Department of Planning and Development 540/665-5651 FAX: 540/665-6395 The Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) will be meeting on Tuesday, June 15. 2.010, at 6:30 P.m., in the Board of Supervisors Executive Session Room* in the Frederick County Administration Building, 1.07 North Kent Street, Winchester, Virginia. The HRAB will discuss the following items: AGENDA 1. November 2009 HRAB meeting minutes. 2. Review of the AT&T Commercial Telecommunications Facility Conditional Use Permit. 3. Review of the Homespun revised Conditional Use Permit 4. Other. Please contact this office if you will not be able to attend the meeting. Thank you. *PLEASE NOTE MEETING LOCATION Access to this building is limited during the evening hours. Therefore, it will be necessary to enter the building through the rear door of the Board Room. I would encourage Committee members to park in the County parking lot located behind the new addition (accessible off of Cameron Street). ERL/dlw Attachments 107 North Kent Street, Suite 202 • Winchester, Virginia 22601-5000 Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) November 17, 2009 Board of Supervisors Executive Session Room of the County Admministrativc building 107 North Kent Street Winchester, VA Members Present: Rhoda Kriz (Chairman), Elizabeth Fravel, Stacey Yost, Mary Turner, Claus Bader, George Kriz (for Gary Oates) Members Absent: Lauren Krempa, Robert Hess, Clint Jones, Gary Oates Staff Present: Candice Perkins Applicants Present: Steve Pettler, Toni Wallace, Greig Aitken Agenda Items: October 2009 HRAB meeting minutes, Review of the Jordan Springs Property Proffer Amendment Call to order at 6:30 PM. Item One: The October 2009 ARAB meeting minutes were approved. Item Two: Planner Perkins introduced the first item which was a proposed proffer amendment for the Jordan Springs Property. The HRAB previously discussed the proposed Jordan Springs Proffer amendment on September 15, 2009. At that meeting, the applicant provided an overview of the current Jordan Springs operation and discussed some of the uses that they would like to pursue in the future; however, at the September meeting the applicant was still trying to work on the proffers and the HRAB deferred the application for up to 120 days. Since the September meeting, the applicant has provided a revised proffer statement for the HRAB to discuss. As previously discussed, the HRAB has been asked to review and provide comment on the Jordan Springs Property (#31-110) proffer amendment (rezoning) proposal. The proposal seeks to revise the proffers approved with Rezoning #10-01, which rezoned the property from the RA (Rural Areas) District to the B2 (Business General) District with a Historic Area Overlay with proffers. The property is located at 1160 Jordan Springs Road in the Stonewall Magisterial District. Attached for your information is the rezoning application, location map and a copy of the original proffers for the project. During the meeting the HRAB reviewed the proposed new uses for the site and recommended approval of the application with the presented uses. Meeting was adjourned at 7:30p.m. Item # Z AT&T Commercial Telecommunications Facility Conditional Use Permit The Historic Resources Advisory Board has been requested to review and provide comment on the AT&T Commercial Telecommunications Conditional Use Permit application for a 120 -foot lattice microwave tower with accessory equipment building. A similar application was previously reviewed by the HRAB on January 13, 2009; at that time a monopole tower was being sought. The 2009 application was denied by the Board of Supervisors. Since the denial of the initial application, the Board of Supervisors have revised the limits of the Developmentally Sensitive Areas (DSA), as depicted on the Frederick County Comprehensive Policy Plan. The tower site is no longer within the DSA. In recognition of the revised DSA, the applicant is resubmitting the CUP for a 120 -foot commercial telecommunications facility. The most recent application is seeking the ability to construct a lattice rather than a monopole tower. The Rural Landmarks Survey Report for Frederick County Virginia does not identify any potentially significant structures on or adjacent to the property. The Study of Civil War Sites in the Shenandoah Valley, published by the National Park Service, shows that this site is located in the core area of the Second Battle of Winchester and the study area of Third Winchester. It must be noted that while this property is located within area identified as having lost its integrity, the areas directly behind this site is identified as core area for the Second Battle of Winchester that has retained its integrity. See the attached maps for further information. The Northeast Land Use Plan of the Frederick County Comprehensive Policy Plan has recently been revised resulting in the removal of the Developmentally Sensitive Areas (DSA) from the area in which the tower would be erected. The DSA designation is meant to ensure that historical features, as well as existing residential clusters, are protected from future development proposals. This DSA designation no longer affects the tower site. As noted above, the HRAB previously reviewed and provided comment on a telecommunication facility on this site, but with the recent removal of the DSA, staff felt it appropriate to seek a revised comment from the HRAB. The previous comment from January 13, 2009, read: 2 "The Study of Civil War Sites in the Shenandoah Valley, published by the National Park Service, shows that this site is located in the core area of the Second Battle of Winchester and the study area of Third Winchester. While this property is located within an area identified as having lost integrity, the area directly behind this site is identified as core area for the Second Battle of Winchester that has retained its integrity. The Northeast Land Use Plan of the Frederick County Comprehensive Policy Plan shows the area where this proposed telecommunications tower is located as a Developmentally Sensitive Area (DSA). The DSA designation is meant to ensure that historical features, as well as existing residential clusters, are protected from future development proposals. In addition to these concerns, the HRAB noted that the home located at 2042 Martinsburg Pike was built in 1947. As it is older than fifty years in age, the structure should be documented and a DHR survey should be completed. HRAB members also discussed the home's value as a part of the DSA. Ultimately, the HRAB was concerned about the visual impact of the tower on the core battlefield area and felt that the tower, which is proposed to serve the FEMA development across the street, should be located on the roof of the FEMA building or on the FEMA site. It was the Board's expressed priority that the applicants first make a serious and genuine effort to locate the tower on the FEMA site where existing trees and development would make the tower less visible from the battlefield," Representatives of the applicant will be available at the HRAB meeting to provide additional information on the proposed CUP. Staff will be seeking comments from the HRAB on the historical elements possibly impacted by the proposed development. The comments will be included in the CUP application package when it is formally submitted for consideration by the Planning Commission and the Board of Supervisors, 3 Information previously provided to the HRAB in January 2009... rora 1 ld r.ci sect rks 5 uvV,,f- ,/ v h ow s sQ vc� rte( ! f 5fori C cZ j u p ropy o r41 G(,v-Lc( - 77.c1Fl,_�^c�rck'~Vc�s'sr�c girt ese ot i^e rza ct s �'vt `E [ (` Ptt--Picce4 1-lVrE7UAJ4--5 KPICIA /- I -PWS �5 7A -'CC 7-UreE� HISTORIC RESOURCE ADVISORY BOARD REVIEW APPLICATION 0 Frederick County 107 North Kent Street, Suite 202 MEETING DATE Winchester, Virginia 22601 Telephone: (540) 665-5651 Fax: (540) 665-6395 DATE STAMP ADDRESS OF PROJECT: 2042 & 2060 Martinsburg Pike Winchester, VA 22603 PROPERTY OWNERS NAME: AT&T Corp. & Melissa Helsle Hall; Wesley Helsle , Sr.; & Bradley G. Pollack TELEPHONE NUMBER: (908) 234-8819 (540) 327-4195 PROPERTY OWNERS ADDRESS: One AT&T Way; Room 1A113A Bedminster, NJ 07921 & P.O. Box 1924 Winchester, VA 22604 ARCHITECT/DESIGNER: NIA I TELEPHONE NUMBER: NIA Description of Application: Please describe briefly the request of the application: (rezoning, master development plan, conditional use permit). Please be specific. AT&T is requesting approval of a Conditional Use Permit to allow for the construction of a 120' free standing class 3 galvanized steel lattice microwave tower microwave tower in support of a long haul line sight radio communication route. This application is not complete until all of the following information has been provided to the Department of Planning and Development. Please check the materials that have been submitted. X Copy of required application as described in 1. l (l .1.1-1.1.4) X Description of proposed development or construction project, including proposed uses and general timeframe for development (1.2) X Status of any identified historic or archaeological resources on the site or adjacent to the site (e.g., located in any identified historic area, survey area, or battlefield site or individually listed on it local, state or national historic register, relevant information on record with the Virginia Department of Historic Resources) and presence of other historic structures or significant landscape features or archaeological sites; (1.3) NIA Photographs (color) of all historic resources on the property (1.4) PROPERTY IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (PIN): 43-A-130; 43-A-132 Name of Applicant: Greenway Engineering Telephone Number (540) 662-4185 Address: Street 151 Windy Hill Lane City Winchester State VA Zip 22602 Signature: Print Name: Date: v Please note that the applicant or his/her appointed representative must he present at the meeting. GREENWAY ENGINEERING, w. 151 Windy I fill Lane Winchester, Virginia 22602 Founded in 2972 May 28, 2010 Frederick County Planning Department Attn: Mark Cheran 107 North Kent Street Winchester, VA 22601 AT&T Corp. Conditional Use Permit — HRAB Comments Dear Mark: The purpose of this letter is to request inclusion on the Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) agenda in June 2010 to discuss the referenced Conditional Use Permit (CUP) application. The subject properties are located near the Interstate 81 Exit 317 interchange and front on the east side of Martinsburg Pike adjacent to AT&T's existing communications building at 2032 Martinsburg Pike. AT&T is requesting permission to construct a 120' free standing, class 3 galvanized steel lattice tower in support a of a long haul line sight radio communications route. The tower design will support the radio route, plus have cellular and first responder capabilities. AT&T has chosen this location because of the existence of a network access point (POP). Construction of this route will primarily serve federal customers location at Mt. Weather, VA in support of mission critical customer network applications. AT&T contracted with Comsearch to survey existing structures within a ane -mile radius of the required access point and evaluate the ability of these structures to support 6 -foot diameter and 5 -foot diameter microwave dishes. None of the existing structures can support dishes at the required height. Due to the size and weight of the microwave dish antennas, a lattice tower is deemed the best means of support at this tower height. Additionally, the lattice tower will provide for less visual impact than a large diameter (6'±) monopole tower. The Frederick County Rural Landmarks Survey identifies the five sites as potentially significant, which arc located between '/2 to 314 miles from the subject site. The closest site is identified as 34-727 Rutherford's Farm, which has been developed as a retail and office center. Additionally, the subject site is located within a portion of the Second Winchester core battlefield area defined by the National Park Service Study of Civil War Sites in the Shenandoah Valley. The subject property was previously located within defined Developmentally Sensitive Area (DSA); however, this designation has been removed from the: subject property by the Board of Supervisors clue to the significant amount of development and planner{ development in this area of the County, as well as Engineers Surveyors Planners Environmental Scientists Telephone 540-662-4185 FAX 540-722-9528 www.greenwayeng.cotn the planned corridor for the Route 37 eastern bypass. A map exhibit entitled AT&T Microwave Tower Developmentally Sensitive Areas and Historic Features has been created to provide a reference for these sites for review by the Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB). Please find attached all applicable information for the June 2010 HRAB meeting. Please contact me to advise of the date of this meeting and if you need any additional information at this time. Sincerely, Evan Wyatt, A1CP Greenway Engineering Cc: Robert R. Ericksen, AT&T Corp. Thomas M. Lawson, Lawson & Silek P.L.C. Submittal Deadline PIC Meeting BOS Meeting APPLICATION FOR CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT FREDERICK COUNTY, VIRGINIA 1. Applicant (The applicant if the Z owner ® other) NAME: AT&T Corp. Attn: Robert R. Ericksen P.E. CCIM ADDRESS: One AT&T Way; Room 1Al13A Bedminster, NJ 07921 TELEPHONE (908) 234-8819 2. Please Iist all owners, occupants, or parties in interest of the property: AT&T c/o Robert R. Ericksen Melissa Helsley-Hall Wesley Helsley, Sr. Bradley G. Pollack 3. The property is located at: (please give exact directions and include the route number of our road or street) The subject properties (Tax Map Parcels 43-((A))-130 and 43-((A))-132) are located on the east side of Martinsburg Pike (U.S. Route l 1 North), approximately 3%a -mile northeast of Interstate 81 Exit 317. 4. The properties have a road frontage of 261'+ feet and a depth ranging between 402'± and 604'± feet and consist of a total of 3.32± acres. (Please be exact) Please refer to attached deed and plat information for tax map parcels 43-((A))-130 and 43-((A))-132. Tax Map Parcel 43-((A))-130 is owned by AT&T Corporation as evidenced by deed from Tad J. Naegeli and Maria Sunshine Doyle -Naegeli previous owner) recorded as Instrument No. 080006084, as recorded in the records of the clerk of the Circuit Court, County of Frederick. Tax Map Parcel 43-((A))-132 is owned by Melissa Hclsley-Hall and Wesley Helsley, Sr., as evidenced by deed from John E, & Shannon K. Hart (previous owner) recorded as Instrument No. 050026775, as recorded in the records of the clerk of the Circuit Court, County of Frederick, 6. Property Identification Numbers 43-((A))-130 (AT&T); 43-((A))-132 (Helsley-Hall), Magisterial District Stonewall District Current Zoning RP, Residential Performance District 7. Adjoining Property: Please refer to the attached Zoning Map Exhibit. USE ZONING North Residential; Unimproved RP, Residential Performance District East Church; Unimproved RP, Residential Performance District South Church; Unimproved RP, Residential Performance District West Residential RP, Residential Performance District Unimproved RA, Rural Areas District 8. The type of use proposed is (consult with the Planning Dept. before completing) Commercial Telecommunication Facility 9. It is proposed that the following buildings will be constructed: 120' microwave lattice tower with accessory equipment building_ 10. The following are all of the individuals, firms, or corporations owning property adjacent to both sides and rear and in from of (across the street) the property where the requested use will be conducted. (Continue on next page if necessary.) These people will be notified by mail of this application: Please refer to the attached Adjoining Property Owner Map and Table. NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# NAME ADDRESS PROPERTY ID# i/ H. Please use this page for your sketch of the property. Show proposed and/or existing structures on the property, including measurements to all property lines. Please refer to the AT&T Mierorvave Tower Fall Zone Exhibit that is included as information with this Conditional Use Permit Application. Please note that the exhibit reflects current property boundary information and that the two subject t properties will be consolidated subsequent to the approval of the Conditional Use Permit Application to ensure that the fall zone established for the microwave tower will be contained within the project boundary. 12. Additional comments, if any: The proposed AT&T microwave tower properties are located outside of the County's defined Urban Development Area (UDA) and are not adjacent to identified Developmentally Sensitive Areas (DSA) as depicted in the Comprehensive Policy Plan Northeast Land Use Plan.The location of the 120' microwave tower is situated adjacent to Martinsburg Pike (U.S. Route 1 1 North) and is within close proximity to Interstate 81 and the planned route for the Route 37 Eastern Bypass. The location of the proposed 120' njerowave tower is positioned to provide service for existing land use and is strategically located for future growth and development within this geographic area of Frederick County. If (we), the undersigned, do hereby respectfully make application and petition the governing body of Frederick County, Virginia to allow the use described in this application. I understand that the sign issued to me when this application is submitted must be placed at the front property line at least seven (7) days prior to the first public hearing and maintained so as to be visible until after the Board of Supervisors' public hearing. Your application for a Conditional Use Permit authorizes any member of the Frederick County Planning Commission, Board of Supervisors or Planning and Development Department to inspect your property where the proposed use will be conducted. Signature of Applicant: Signature of Owner: Owner's Mailing Address: AT&T Services, Inc.. One AT&T Way Room lAl 13A Bedminster, NJ 07921 Owner's Telephone Number: (908) 234-8819 Signature of Owner: Signature of Owner: Owner's Mailing Address: P.O. Box 1924 Winchester, VA 22604 Owner's Telephone Number: (540) 327-4195 0 AT & T Microwave Tower 4 shy Cr U DA M ap ae�` ���o m { y¢ yRa �?� sof 4w asa Z 66a � 2ybc �- �m LY 1 _ y m I 761 v� C5 L — gf,;• �kF 661@€PP �L•O.CygPaE \ a e ra oBP ® LLJ d Q 4^N s Q� S.Rb ,{ rq 6 y a JL-551CA LN N' �i? R L ,Q LU 2 � 141 �•� c''yeV r', Q' o 9 L J CF ' `b9a '4 `cRC,�, b} '�- aeccacaceeaaecce,caseeJay�eceaacc j y ga yi 9 f 'i<rG Ic,�'C. I.1 S'P NGir / J�ad'' a ttr <y u b<b o °. pQ` i rn F- m ,Q 662LU U ❑ y�'4yO �a4¢ L 2 LL ti�4; H V Er J a > � c+ C'f v. WAY �• Q D a PACTI L eye /oS�a �� �wa O � 4VD Inside UpA v 7 (A=�� Lrsla aya Legend ucm ascomxcc,e F Q y CI c c 7 sal e VO �c Q suhjac[Propartlas Outside UbA ¢ z ry c Feet¢a R�cao UQA o y PCMLI B—d3N Jf N . „Fy 1,OOC1 500 0 1,000 Ga. F , e 6 w Mwn rltlrt Sn„rmCmrinrin4 Miinw lM RIS llwnenwewi Fln.. �flnn Mt. JWtLC: Fncnnm county. W . G1S 6Cp::IrtYnAn1. my 2 cq U.'m wave Tower e Exhibit f 'V 120 Foot Fall Zone &T Microwave Tower Line of Sight to Mt. Weather ca x oc LU UJ uj W O H 0 m_ W =x W O Z � Q _U N F- ob ob Q L m L) ❑ C 4 i 0 LU 7 X. tL w LU t~n Z C LL 5 O Z 0 O U N NU 2 Y LU atl � d o 4 Z L u LL ` C y L w o T— AT & T Microwave Towercc Adjoining Property Owners Map z UJ U+I4,0, � - QCti Rp LU IL 1L Cm- ; i i 0. Q a 2 773 UJ 44 A 24 ry � C z� 3 43 A 11 QIf rZq . a 43 U O \ 130 oma. .6 z 43 A 132 O 0 IL 'a 43 A 132B CL a r " m ° W .� � � t., LU 0 2 0 o J 4 7 O LU4 O D p r U —Lr G Q < J y L a CDo - Feet Subject Prcpoios K Z ❑ prto _ Pro Q LL -5Atljoinin{ 200 1QO O 2®O Parcel Bound ° ° N T— Adjoining Property Owners Listing Fife 53'87 Tax Map Number Owner Address City & State ZIP 43 A 110 THOMAS E. & JANET RIDDICK, JR. 2045 MARTINSBURG PIKE WINCHESTER, VA 22603 44 A 24 RITA WILSON PO BOX 2996 WINCHESTER, VA 22604 43 A 113 JANE M. DEHAVEN, TRUSTEE 2073 MARTINSBURG PIKE WINCHESTER, VA 22603 43 A 132B TRUSTEES OF MARANATHA BAPTIST CHURCH 2040 MARTINSBURG PIKE WINCHESTER, VA 22603 43 A 129 IWILLIAM & SANDRA LIGHT 1405 SPRING VALLEY DR WINCHESTER, VA 22603 Source: Frederick County GIS, May 2010 Page 1 of 1 Virginia Department of Historic Resources Survey Form Exhibits File Number 34-112 ➢ File Number 34-703 D File Number 34-727 ➢ File Number 34-729 )�;- File Number 34-950 Carter -Hardesty House Helm -McCann Property Rutherford's Farm Thomas McCann House Milburn Cemetery Civil War Sites In The Shenandoah Valley Exhibits ➢ Second Winchester ➢ Opequon or Third Winchester AT & T Microwave Tower Developmentally Sensitive Areas And Historic Features • ' ` 761 C 2nd,Winc hester Core, Area Legend AT & T Property Parcel Boundary Core Battlefield Areas Developmentally Sensitive Areas Zoning B2 (Business, General Distrist) 661 ® B3 (Business, Industrial Transition District) M1 (Industrial, Light District) `-p1 C'rIV-WAY M2 (Industrial, General District) MM1 (Mobile Home Community District) Ra (Residential, Planned Community District) 4i0.c, 4't; 1 34-727 . � `1'<r✓ t 34-112 r RA (Rural Area District) RP (Residential, Performance District) Proposed Route 37 East o O � ROW Line 47 x i o { Center Line f Map Data Source: Frederick County, Va. GIS Department, May 2GO9 Data-, Shenandoah Vatley Battlefields Foundation V ED BUD -RD C 4 i a e 0 w s � a - ♦'f�••'Iw •�� a♦- a Qi P 4 •Feet 1,200 600 0 •� ••• ••• •• •�� • 1,200 N W E' ' 666 S 0 Landmarks Legend U) LU Of 4U) LU w LLl o I- I— (5 W LU C/)ILL U J Q U <i -f Z U) r LU06 = Z OQ LLI LU O w O U) F- m W U U-1 Q z 2 W W W rn � 0� 0 (D o J _ U' Q < > M1 4 U) LL tW- ~ co >_U X a W ¢ U tQ ~ Y W o 2i Z J Q ¢U 0 a-©�W Z o 0 or N@ w N a j O L v C L1.1 C0 a a 0 34-112 Carter -Hardesty House 34-703 Helm -McCann Property 34-727 Rutherford's Farm 34-729 McCann, Thomas House 34-950 Milburn Chapel & Cemetary U) LU Of 4U) LU w LLl o I- I— (5 W LU C/)ILL U J Q U <i -f Z U) r LU06 = Z OQ LLI LU O w O U) F- m W U U-1 Q z 2 W W W rn � 0� 0 (D o J _ U' Q < > M1 4 U) LL tW- ~ co >_U X a W ¢ U tQ ~ Y W o 2i Z J Q ¢U 0 a-©�W Z o 0 or N@ w N a j O L v C L1.1 C0 a a 0 VIRGINIA DIVISION OF HISTORIC LANDMARKS HISTORIC DISTRICT/BRIEF SURVEY FORM File no. 34-112 Negative no(s). 10082, 10083 City/Townl Village/ Hamlet bili., "V—.,y County ""----- Street address or route number off of Rt. 662 U.S.G.S. Quad Stephenson Historic name Stottlemeyer House Commonname Carter -Hardesty House Present use abandoned (burned) Building Style Vernacular Greek revival g Oripinal use .i d1 . r i a:l Building Dazes) c .18AD-1 g6o I. Construction Materials ❑ wood frame 2-1brick bond: ❑ English ❑ F,}envsh ['J' S course American ❑ stretcher ❑ other ❑ stone ❑ random rubble ❑ coursed rubble ❑ ashlar ❑ dressed ❑ rock -faced ❑ log ❑ squared ❑ unsquared notching: ❑ stucco ❑ V -notch ❑ half dovetail ❑ saddle ❑ full dovetail ❑ square ❑ diamond ❑ concrete block ❑ enameled metal terra cotta ❑ glass ❑ steel frame ❑ other 2. Cladding Material ❑ weatherboard ❑ composition siding ❑ vertical siding ❑ stucco ❑ board & batten ❑ aluminum or vinyl siding ❑ shingle: ❑ cast iron ❑ wood ❑ sheet metal Cl asbestos ❑ enameled metal ❑ asphalt ❑ glass ❑ bricklex ❑ other 3. Stories (number) 2 ❑ low basemen[ raised basement 4. Bayf (number): front side (church) Zzsymmetrical ❑ asymmetrical 5. Roof Type ❑ shed part? gable ❑ pediment? ❑ parapet? ❑ clipped end? ❑ cross gable? ❑ central front gable? 0 other ❑ hipped ❑ pyramidal? ❑ mansard ❑ false mansard ❑ gambrel ❑ flat ❑ parapet? ❑ roof not visible 6, Roofing Material ❑ shingle ❑ composition (asphalt, asbestos, etc.) P wood ametal ❑ unding seam [ corrugated ❑ pressed tin (simulated shingles) ❑ the EJ pantile ❑ flat ❑ glazed ❑ slate ❑ not visible 7. Dormers (number): front side ❑ gable ❑ pediment? ❑ shed El hipped 8. Primary��ai talar style stories levels full height_ bays 3 materials wood description and decorative details chamfered columns, decorative brackets: porch sits on-oLQue niers 9. General supplementary description and decoration: 6/6 windows-, wooden lintels w/corner blocks over winodws; 6 -light basement windows;2 interior end brick chimneys; 2,4-1 IV. major aQQl[[nn5 ana al[eranonS: Greek Revival door surrooun Had a rear 2 -story frame fluted trim and corner bock ell; part of the house 5-1i8ht sidelights,4-light I!. tju[buudmgs ldestroy "n the rear ell and creating a litany outbldgs. large hole in the roof of t including a frame garage, shislEen see$Tshee$ sheds s fron Merlon of the house 12. Landscape Features -t large frame hank barn w/ silo, 20t Mature trees, house century concrete tank for sprayi sits back off of roa . brick springhouse (partially i bgi 13. Significance: Fine example of the Vernacular reek Rev Style of Antebellum Frederick County. House is vacant as it has not been fixed since it burned. Someone liv behind the house in a trailer. Surveyed by: hl. Kalbian Daze: 1/90 VIRGIMA HISTORIC LANDMARKS COMMISSION SURVEY FORM a..v.R File Nuiuher County Frederick Town Winchester SueetNo. E. of 8t. 662, W, Of Rt, 661. USGS Quad Name Stephenson Quad Date 1966 Original Owner John Carter Original Use Home PresenrOw,Pr linrry L. McCann Present Owwncr Address Jerrerson St, Winchester, Va. Present Use Home I Historic Name — — — — — — — Present Name Carter -Hardesty House Date or Period (exact or estimate) ea, 1810 Architect ---- Builder, craftsman, etc. —�— Source of Name Quarles, Old Egmee Source of Date Guess 3. No. stories (dormers count as %z story); 2 Wall construction Brick Acreage .. 4. Historical Significance (Chain of Title, I amities and Events, etc., connected with the property) See Quarles, S@me 01d Homes inFred� Co_,. Oa, 5, Architectural Significance (Note interesting interior and exterior details, etc. cite significant alterations and additions) I believe 1810 is a fairly accurate crate. The W. wing of the building is a Victorian addition, as all of the windows have been Victorianized. I did not gain entry into the house. 6. Physical Condition Excellent Good Fair Poor Structure_ X Grounds Neighborhood 7. State potential threats to preservation of structure None (over) l DWISION OF HISTORIC LANDMARKS ]ve alive no s). 1 U07-1_ SURVEY FORM 34-703 Historicname Helm House, Bellevue, Fort Comn,onname n a m- c ann roper y County/Town/City Rural Fred. Co. Helm. Street address or route number Rt • 662 USCSQuad Stephenson taateorperiodmid-late 18th C.,mid 19th C.,late 1 Original owner Col. Meredith Helm Original use residential Present owner James K. McCann Present owner address Jefferson Ave. Winchester,Va. Present use ruins Acreage unknown Architect/ builder/craftsmen unknown Sourceofname Quarles Source of date Stories 2 Foundation andwallconst'n part: of part was stone and part Rooftype gable the house was log, was frame. State condition of structure and environs The house is no longer standing. The area is in very poor condition due to net `3tatepotential threats tostructure Neglect/development. Note any archaeological interest In 1809 it was referred to as Fort Helm. Is included in the Stephenson's Deppt Battlefield. Should be investigated for possible register potential? yes ❑ no K1 Architectural description (Note significant features of plan, structural system and interior and exterior decoration, taking care to point out aspects not visible orclear from photographs. Explain nature and period of all alterations and additions. List any outbuildings and their approximate ages, cemeteries, etc.) All that remains now of the Helm -McCann house is a stone springhouse. There are ruins! of the house, which burned in 1958, and the brick meathouse is alsmost completely collapsed. There are some stone ruins (foundation) of the bank barn as well. Across the road is what is left of Milburn Chapel cemetery. The old Milburn chapel, an 18th century Methodist church, was abandoned and torn down many years age. All that remains is a cemetery surrounded by a stone wall. Many of the local citizens are buiried in this cemetery including Col. Meredith Helm. 1 was able to find 2 historic photographs of the house; one taken in the 1890s and one in the late 1930s. The photos do not indicate from what view they wer taken,ibut the 1930s view appears to be a southern one because of the faint ou line of the stone springhouse which is present in the lower left hand corner.. It appears that the house was partially log, stone and frame. The house's final configuration was an I house with a rear 2 story wing. The stone spring - house probably dates to the original house (c.1752) and is in fairly reasonabl -condition. Interior inspected? Historical significance (Chain of title; individuals, families, events, etc., associated with the property.) From Quarles and others: 1752 Lord Fairfax to Col. Meredith Helm (died in 1809) 1809 appears on Charles Varle Map as "Fort Helm" 1872 to James McCann 1958 destroyed by fire ]MVISION OF HISTORIC LANDMARKSNegative no(s). 10083 SURVEY FORM 34-72-9 Historic name The Milburn douse Common name Thomas McCann House County/Town/City Rural Frederick County Street address or route number off of RE,_662__ _ USGS Quad Stephenson Date or period c842, c.1890-1910 Original owner John Milburn Architect builder/cr lsmen Original use residential unknown Present owner somas McCann Source of name Quarles Present owner address Rt. 8 Box 491 Source of date owner, architectural evidence Present use " Winchester, VA 22601 Stories Foundation and wall const'n Stone Acreage residential unknown Roof type g�ible w/standing seam metal. State condition of structure and environs The house and outbuildings are in fair condition State potential threats to structure Unknown Note any archaeological interest Unknown Should be investigated for possible register potential? yes ❑ no IX Architectural description (Note significant features of plan, structural system and interior and exterior decoration, taking care to point out aspects not visible or clear from photographs. Explain nature and period of all alterations and additions. List any outbuildings and their approximate ages, cemeteries, etc.) According to Quarles, this house vas built around 1744-1760. Architecturally 1 was not able ti verify this date. My findings lead rte to believe that the house was built in the mid- 19th Cen TNe size of the windows, the type of chimneys, the window and door trim, as well as the config. uration of the house all seem to date from this period. Mr. Thomas McCann, now 92, has lived this house his whole life. He says the house was built in 1842. A rear 2 story frame wing was added in c.1880-1910. The front stone portion is laid in a random rubble pattern with corner quoins. It is 2 stories, sits on a split --level basement, is 4 bays wide and assymetrical. It has a gable roof with standing seam metal roofing and 2'interior end brick chimneys. The winds are 2/2 and the front door has a transom light (unable to see number of lights). The door surrc is a flat architrave trim with bull's eye corner blocks. A 2 -bay 1 story porch with square dor: columns as supports is centered on the front (north) facade of the house. The east gable end : a blind one with no openings. On the other hand, the west gable end is pierced by windows on e levels; 2, 4 -light square attic windows; 6/6 windows on the first and seconds stories; and 3-1: windows in the basement. The rear 2 story frame wing was added in the late 19th -early 20th cel tory . It has german lap siding, 6/6 windows, an interior end brick chimney, and a side 3 -bay story porch. This property has many of its original outbuildings. They include a board and bat meathouse; a frame chicken coop; a frame shed; a frame barn on stone foundation and a fine frar corn crib. The setting around the Thomas McCann house is exceptionally beautiful. It is local on top of a knoll off of Lick Run. The house is architecturally significant in that it has had very few alterations since early i this century. Also, it is significant because of its connection with the Milburns and McCanns, two very prominent families in the history of Frederick county. Interior inspected? Just the rear frame section. Historical significance (Chain of title; individuals, families, events, etc., associated with the property) According to Quarles: 1735 Governor of Colony of Virginia to John Frost 1744 John Frost to John Milburn I 1761 83 acres to son John Milburn II ? acres to grandson John Milburn III (son of Robert Milburn, brother of John Milburn II) Jobb Milburn II built Milburn Chapel by 1786. It was one of the oldest Methodist churche in the Valley. 1813 to William Hickman Harris nd to Jesse Woad 1854 to Thomas Brown 1856 to George Keen 1869 to Jonathen Keen 1888 to Elizabeth Mulvahill 1893 to James K. McCann 1918 to son, Charles R. McCann 1966 to son Thomas Kemp McCann tR 4Z4 vz i-�� I I VIRGINIA File no. 36—q-30 (D77 DIVISION OF HISTORIC LANDMARKS [Negative n s . 532 El HISTORIC DISTRICT/BR1EF SURVEY FORM City/ Town/ Villagel Hamlet Rural County street address or route number Rt. 622 Historic name Milburn Methodist Cha Present use Abandoned Orii'inal use C'nnrch & Cemetery 1. Construction Materials ❑ wood frame ❑ brick bond: ❑ English - ❑ Flemish D course American D stretcher D other D stone ❑ random rubble ❑ composition siding ❑ coursed rubble ❑ stucco ❑ ashlar ❑ dressed ❑ rock -faced ❑ log: 0 cast iron ❑ squared ❑ unsquared notching: ❑ enameled metal ❑ V -notch ❑ half dovetail ❑ saddle ❑ full dovetail ❑ square ❑ diamond L3 concrete block D terra cotta ❑ steel frame ❑ other 2. Cladding Material ❑ weatherboard ❑ composition siding ❑ vertical siding ❑ stucco ❑ board & batten ❑ aluminum or vinyl siding ❑ shingle: 0 cast iron ❑ wood ❑ sheet metal ❑ asbestos ❑ enameled metal ❑ asphalt ❑ glass ❑ bricktex ❑ other County Frederick U.S.G.S. Quad Stephenson Common name Milburn Cha .1 & Cematery Building style Vernacular BuildineDate(s) ca -1788, ca -1887, ca -1945 3. Stories (number) ❑ tow basement ❑ raised basement 4. Bays (number): front side (church) ❑ symmetrical D asymmetrical 5. Roof Type shed ❑ parapet? 0 gable ❑ pediment? ❑ parapet? ❑ clipped end? ❑ cross gable? ❑ central front gable? ❑ other ❑ hipped ❑ pyramidal? ❑ mansard ❑ false mansard ❑ gambrel ❑ flat ❑ parapet? ❑ roof not visible G. Roofing Material ❑ shingle ❑ composition (asphalt, asbestos, etc.) ❑ wood ❑ metal ❑ standing scam ❑ corrugated El pressed tin (simulated shingles) ❑ the ❑ pantile ❑ flat ❑ glazed ❑ slate ❑ not visible 7. Dormers (number): front side ❑ gable ❑ pediment? ❑ shed ❑ hipped 8. Primary Porch style stories levels materials description and decorative details bays 9. General supplementary description and decoration: It is beld.eved that Milburn Chapel eras built in 1788, making it one of the earliest Methodist Chapels in Frederick Co. 10. Major additions and alterations: to a Mr. Schreck Liao used them to build a barn on his property (ithich no long— er stands). The money Tras used to help.build^the re. 11. Outbuildings: Stephenson. Tre cemetery still remains. Its stone wall was repaired by Mr. Paul Sternitzke, a German prisoner of Saar staying in Winchester durin, the early .tinter of 1944. Some important families & 12. Landscape Features: figures are buried :fere including tate helms (Amelia 1803, Meredith 1304), it is also presumed that John Milburn eras buried here. 13. Significance: Surveyed by: Date: 11/90 Landmark awaits restoration preachers, held regular services at the newly constructed church on ne or Frederick his property. County's oldest Of the many notable Methodist landmarks' - 7-'- - - rninisteis who preached at Milburn Milburn Cemetery, Chapel, the most prominent was appears almost abandoned at its Francis Asbury; the First American quiet location beside a little- bishop of the Methodist church. travelled gravel road near ' John stu said-LbaEbefore Stephenson. construction was completed at Its most ardent visitors these Milburn Chapel, Asbury stood on a days are the groundhogs that have work bench and preached in 1788. burrowed deep under the silent It was more than 11 years later graves and the cattle that graze when Asbury returned to Milburn beside the vine -covered, limestone Chapel. The reason for his visit Wall that defines the graveyard. was to honor Milburn's retirement To one side of the cemetery is a from itinerant preaching. rocky mound—all that remains of Although Milburn died in 1813, the once historic Milburn Method- services were held at the chapel ist Chapel. until it was severely damaged by According to "Milburn Method- Civil War battles fought in the ist Chapel in Frederick County, area. Virginia," by area historian Wilbur Sometime between 1882 and S. Johnston, the log church and its 1884, Milburn's congregation met cemetery were established around to decide whether to repair the old by John Milburn. chapel or rebuild at a new location. .1788 Johnson said that Milburn Church members opted for the Chapel is believed to have been the latter and in 1887 built Emmanuel first Methodist church to be built Methodist Episcopal Church South in Frederick County and was one (now the Emmanuel United Meth - or the oldest in the Northern odist Church) in Stephenson on Shenandoah valley. U.S. 11. Its founder, who was a grandson - At the time the congregation land or the first Milburn to settle in the decided to relocate, the Frederick County area, wasn't surrounding the chapel and cem- Methodist by birth. He was a etery was owned by James Kemp convert from Quakerism. McCann, who purchased the Milburn's grandparents, John property in 1872. and Elizabeth Milburn, moved to Johnston said that at about the the county between 1743 and 1747 time the new church was built, to settle -on what is now Milburn McCann dismantled the old chapel Road (Route 062), which was a and sold the logs to a fanner, who primary road in the late 1700s and used them to build a barn near the the early 1800s. site of the former The Milburns Jordan Springs Hotel were members of the (By 1 920) on .Route 664. The = Hopewell Quaker barn is no longer Meeting near even the standing. Clearbrook. In 1779, the paths . McCann gave the andproceeds from the younger Milburn lanes sale of the logs to the was dismissed from now church. the meeting because became' There's no indica- he married his first- tion that Milburn cousin, Elizabeth. occupied was buried in the According to Johnston's book, the and cemetery, but the Johnston said it is marriage was considered "contrary opening reasonable to believe of that he was. " to discipline." Eight years after anew "If his grave grave marker were stone, it Milburn was dis- Invariably is likely fallen and missed from the buried with subse- Quaker meeting, he struck quent plant growth became a traveling or, like many others, preacher and helped unmarked stolen," Johnston form the Milburn said in his book. Methodist Society in remains. Of the few remain - his community, —Arn"rz historian ing grave markers Johnston said Wilbur S. Johnston only two date earlier that Milburn be- than Milburn's came an ordained death—Ann Amelia minister in 1789 Photos and, along with b Magruder in 1803, Y and Meredith Helm other traveling Rick Foster Sea Graves, page E4 h 4- .11" p! Grave in 1804. Helm's grave is marked by a. full-length, horizontal sandstone slab on the ground. The stone's inscription says: 'Sacred to the memory of Meredith Helm who departed this life October 12, 1804 in his 51st year of age." Johnston said that helm is probably had the "most illustri- ous burial in Milburn Cemetery." Helm was a colonel in the Vir- ginia militia during the Revolu- tionary War. Helm's father, also Meredith Helm, was the sixth sheriff of Frederick County and one of Winchester's foundingfa- thers. Johnston said that burials continued at the small cemetery until about 1920, "when even the paths and lanes became oc- cupied and the opening of a new grave invariably struck un- marked remains." After burials ceased at the cemetery, the McCann family kept it weeded and mowed for many years. The last professional repair to the limestone wall around the cemetery was during World War II. The repairs were paid for by the McCanns, who hired several German prisoners of war from a prison camp in Winchester lo- cated near Virginia Avenue. Today, the site ofthe chapel is owned by the McCann family. Care of the cemetery—planned from page E3 for complete restoration—is pro- vided by the Emmanuel church. . Emmanuel's minister, the Rev. Mark Miller, said that the restoration of the cemetery has been slow and costly. "It's slow partly because of the economy and because the people at the church don't have an at- tachment to the cemetery," Miller said. Early this year, the church's Boy Scout troop and youth group began clearing away brush and undergrowth from the cemetery. The church has also estab- lished a Milburn Cemetery fund and takes up acollection three or four times ayear to help with the restoration. "Our objective is to raise enough money to eventually have the cemetery professionally cleared and maintained," Miller said.'"So far, we have about $ 100 in the fund." "We would also like to put a • f historical marker at the cem- etery,"Johnston said recently as he stood beside the cemetery wall. '`his is such abeautiful spot." Anyone interested in making a tax-deductible donation to the Milburn Cemetery Fund can call 662-1269. Copies of Johnston's book can be purchased at the Winchester -Frederick County Historical Society office at 401 National Ave. in Winchester. ll. Outbuildings: Stephenson. The cemetery still remains Its stone gall was repaired by Mr. Paul Sternitzke a German prisoner of Saar staying in Winchester dur Urie early winter of 1344. Some important families U. Landscape Features, figures are buried. ere inc u l ng the Helms (Amelia 1803, Meredith 1804). It is als presumed that John Milburn aas buried here. 13. Significance: Surveyed by: Date: Maral .,,_ Kalbian 11/90 ,��� y V Ilil�li11�1 o HISTORICLANDMARKS COMMISSION -- Historic name Rutherford' a Far CountytTownlCity Rural County Street address or route jlumber Rt, 11 USGSQuad Winchester Original owner Original use Present owner Present owner address .�; bile ilii. 34-727 Negative no(s). 10082 SURVEY FORM Farm Common name Rutherford's farm Date or period July 20P 1669 Archilect jbu ilderjeraflsmen Source of name Source of dale Stories Foundation and wail const'n present use Acreage Roof It e State condition of structure and environs The main house of Rutherford's site isFarm sthreateneddby development State patenhal threats to strructure Mote any archaeological interest Should be investigated for possible register potential? yes no -X- oint out aspects not visible or clear from photographs. Explain nature and period of all alterations Architectural description (Note significant Features of plan, structural system and interior and exterior decoration, taking care top p approximate ages, cemeteries, etcI and additions. List any outbuildings and their app All that remains of the house at Rutherford's house is a set of concrete that lead from Rt. rrete steps 11 up to the site of the house (see photos), that the site of the house on Rt. 11 identifying is a historical marker south it. Interior inspected'! H'sstorical significance tChein of title: individuals, (emit€es, events, etc., assocla e By James Tubbesing: April 3, 1990 superior Union attacking force led by ©n July 20, 1869 at the Battle of Rutherford's Farm, Confederate General Step.• phen Ramseur's division was routed by a sup General William Averell. This debacle, which severely damaged en and four rep - of General o isionontionias a divas ualtiesnweren�fewerlthanulte300a iThehbattle itself being had littlethecan- strategic importance to either side, but is notable primarily as scene of one of the enduring legend of the war-- that of tliss Tillie Russell, Winchester's "Angel of tSercy,, who sat up all night on that field of death, ded Confederate office in her arms and thereby cradling a grievously woun saving his life- t • i _ �. I' rl± r` i f { r , - 4 �' ` .�� is .. � Il . WINCHESTER QUADRANGLE VIRGINIA � oo' 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) tnP' o 1 745 746 2 100 000 FEET 741 78-0, —39* 15' 4348 1765 L s� � — 7.15 .'r. y 1 oy n /• 723 ' A'• Qua 1 ` -� Z A �\ M. 570 000 _6y0 q FEET 764- .730 \� _ •: ay 4346 l 709 '•, " r i 'c U . h / 10, .s ' tee! • ev o 661 ? 659 y 'I,•� •s p� .�*'x� W 171 •1 ! [ _ �V •• 4 lip 345 sm 70 �INTERC 9NGE 82.,"6 .5.4'4•.. `�Y�' ',moi' '•t �3q 'xV t 11#11V �r i fAAil "� �,�' � fir' - .,►, . mpg T V 1. vo • • • ;r t: CIVIL WAR SITES IN THE SI IENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA SECOND WINCHESTER STER Virginia ever did." The battle was won by deft flanking (13-15 JUNE 1863) maneuvers and underscores the inadequacy of relying on entrenchments when confronted by a mobile attacking force, County: Frederick VA, and City of Winchester General Location: Valley Pike (US 11 at Abrams Creek), Apple Pie Ridge and "Louisiana Heights" W of town, West Fort, Fort Milroy, and Star Fort; S. of present day Stephenson's (US 11 S of 761). Size of Study/Core Areas: 22,27413,113 acres GIS Integrity of Study/Core Areas: 48152 percent; Poor/ Fair Field Assessment of Study Area Integrity: Poor USGS Quadrants; Winchester, Stephenson Campaign: Gettysburg Campaign Principal Commanders: [c] Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell; [u] Maj. Gen. Robert H. Milroy. Forces Engaged: [c] Second Corps ANV, two divisions (Early and Johnson), about 12,500; [u] Three infantry brigades (Elliott, Ely, McReynolds), numbering about 7,000. Casualties: [c] 269 (47k/219wf3m); [u] 4,443 (95k1373w/ 3,975m&c). Significance: After the Battle of Brandy Station (9 June 1863), Gen. Robert E. Lee launched his plan for a second invasion of the north, He ordered the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, under Maj. Gen. Richard Ewell to attack the US force at Winchester and clear the Lower Valley of Union opposition. In the resulting three- day battle (13-15 June), Ewell's corps defeated, routed, and nearly destroyed a US division under Maj, Gen. Robert Milroy. This victory (the apogee of Ewell's career) offered high hopes for the success of Lee's second invasion of the North, hopes that were dashed on the battlefield of Gettysburg in July. In the words of Confederate artillerist Maj. Robert Stiles, "This battle of Winchester ... was one of the most perfect pieces of work the Army of Northern a DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE Prelude (12 June): On 12 June 1863, the Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia under Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell, three divisions nearly 19,000 strong, entered the Valley at Chester Gap and pressed on to Front Royal. Two divisions under Maj. Gen. Jubal A. Early and Maj. Gen. Edward Johnson continued north on the Valley Pike and the Front Royal Road to converge on the Union defenders of Winchester under Maj. Gen. Robert Milroy. Despite the superior forces that were rumored to be approaching, Milroy was confident that the strength of his fortifications would enable hien to repel the Confederates or withstand a siege. The ridges west of town were heavily fortified and consisted of trenches linking central strong points or "forts". The strongest of these were Fort Milroy and Star Fort. West Fort, a redoubt of six guns, featured promi- nently in the action. Phase One. US Dispositions (13 June): On 13 June, Milroy advanced elements of Elliott's brigade to Pritchard's Hill at Kernstown and sent elements of Ely's brigade to intercept any advance on the Front Royal Pike. McReynolds brigade was at Berryville. Phase Two. CS Advance on Front Royal Pike (13 June): Edward Johnson's Division of four brigades (Steuart, Williams, Walker, Jones) advanced on the Front Royal Pike driving back Union pickets. Approaching the intersection of Millwood Road about 1400 hours, Johnson deployed and swept forward, driving Union skirmishers from behind stone fences. US troops withdrew to high ground north of Abrams Creek under cover of a battery and the heavy guns of Fort Milroy. Johnson brought up a battery and engaged Union field artillery, driving several pieces from the field. The CS guns lacked the range to reply to Fort Milroy's guns and eventually were forced to withdraw. Johnson's.advance was stalled, and he awaited the arrival of Early's division to the west on the Valley Pike. Phase Three. CS Advance on Valley Pike (13 June): Early's division of four brigades (Hays, Smith, Avery, CML WAR SITES IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGMA Gordon) marched toward Winchester on the Valley Pike in conjunction with Johnson's division on the Front Royal Road. Late afternoon, Early's column reached the outskirts of Kernstown and drove back the US skirmish line encountered at Pritchard's Hill. US forces retreated to Cedar Creek Grade and briefly counterattacked, but Early extended his line to the west, out -flanking successive Union positions. US cavalry attacked several times up the Valley Pike to ease pressure on the infantry. Eventually, the Union force retreated north of Abrams Creek under cover of the heavy guns from Bower's Hill and Fort Milroy. Phase Four. Milroy Withdraws into the Forts (13 June): After dark Milroy concentrated his forces inside a triangle defined by Fort Milroy, Star Fort, and West Fort. McReynolds' brigade reached Fort Milroy after marching a round -about route from Berryville, harassed by Confed- erate cavalry. Milroy's soldiers had fought well during the previous afternoon, and he was confident that he could withstand renewed Confederate assaults in the morning. In the meantime, Ewell ordered his third division under Maj. Gen. Robert E. Rodes to advance on Martinsburg via Berryville to cut off Milroy's retreat in that direction. Phase Five. Early's Flank March (14 June): At dawn of 14 June, one of Early's brigades (Gordon) swept forward to capture Bower's Hill with little resistance. Johnson extended his line to the right against very light opposition; there was fitful skirmishing in the streets of Winchester. Early and Ewell conferred on Bower's Hill and decided on a flanking strategy. Gordon's brigade and two batteries were left on Bower's Hill, while Early led his three other brigades back to Cedar Creek Grade, west beyond Apple Pie Ridge where it was out of view of US fortifications, then north over Cloverdale Plantation to Walnut Grove. His column was accompanied by 20 guns. While Early made this march, Johnson advanced a line of skirmishers on the right to occupy the Federals' attention. The CS batteries on Bower's Hill opened up, touching off a duel with the Union guns in Fort Milroy. By mid-afternoon, Early's force had gained a position opposite West Fort on Apple Pie Ridge. Eight guns were positioned on the Brierly Farm northwest of the fort, while 12 guns were placed in an orchard southwest of the fort. By this time the field had quieted, and the US forces believed that the Confederates had been repulsed from Winchester. Phase Six. Attack on West Fort (14 June): About 1800 hours, Early's artillery opened fire on West Fort. The twenty guns fired for 45 minutes, while Brig. Gen. Harry T. Hays stealthily advanced his Louisiana brigade through the corn and wheat fields at the base of Apple Pie Ridge. On command, the brigade rushed forward across 300 yards of open fields and swept upward into the works. After a brief hand-to-hand struggle, US defenders aban- doned the works, retreating to Fort Milroy. Hays was supported in the attack by two brigades (Smith and Avery). Early consolidated his line on West Fort Ridge, but darkness prevented further gains. An artillery duel continued until long after dark. After the battle, Ewell christened. West Fort Ridge as "Louisiana Heights" in honor of Hays's brigade. Phase Seven. Johnson's Flank March (14-15 June): Ewell assumed that Milroy would retreat during the night and ordered Johnson to prevent his escape by cutting the Charles Town Road. About 2100 hours, Johnson (with Steuart's and Williams's brigades and 8 guns) marched north to Berryville Pike and west to Jordan Springs Road, where he turned north toward Stephenson's Depot. About midnight, the Stonewall brigade disengaged and joined the rear of the column, leaving one brigade (Jones) astride the Berryville Pike east of town. Phase Eight. US Withdrawal (14-15 June): After confer- ring with his officers, Milroy made the decision to try to "cut their way through" to Harpers Ferry on the old Charles Town Road. All of the cannons were spiked and their carriages destroyed. Shortly after midnight, the Union soldiers left their works so quietly that Early's Confederates did not know they were gone until morning. The column massed in the low ground between Star Fort and Fort Milroy, then moved down the railroad and the Valley Pike toward the Charles Town crossroad, just south of Stephenson's Depot. Phase Nine. US Surrender at Stephenson's Depot (15 June): Near dawn, Johnson's skirmishers encountered the head of Milroy's retreating column near the intersection of the Valley Pike and old Charles Town road. Milroy faced his column to the right on the pike and prepared to fight his way out of a "murderous trap." Johnson deployed his regiments along Milburn Road as they came up and advanced to the railroad and placed two guns on either 0, • • • CRU VICAR SITES IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGiN1A side of the Charles Town Road railroad bridge. The rest of the artillery was deployed on the heights east of Milburn Road. As it grew light, US forces made several desperate but uncoordinated attacks against the bridge and railroad embankment. The Confederates were being steadily reinforced and repulsed each attempt. The Stonewall brigade now came up in line of battle north of the road and advanced to cut the Valley Pike. This was the final blow;.Union regiments hoisted the white flag. Between 2,500 and 3,000 surrendered. Milroy and his staff, and other small units escaped to the west. (Note: US casualty figures for Second Winchester vary widely. This is explained by the fact that about two thousand Union soldiers not belonging to Milroy's command were in field hospitals in the city and were often added to the number of captured and missing. Milroy, of course, played down his losses.) CURRENT CONDITION OF THE BATTLEFIELD Contrary to popular perception, Second Winchester is not a "lost" battlefield. Because of the wide-ranging Confederate maneuvers involved, the battlefield covers a great deal of ground, but the major fighting and casualties occurred at five locations: Pritchard's Hill; the intersection of Millwood and Front Royal pikes (interchange 82 of I- 81); Abrams Creek and Bower's Hill; Apple Pie Ridge and West Fort; and Stephenson's Depot. Three of these locations retain high levels of integrity: Pritchard's Hill, Apple Pie Ridge and West Fort, and Stephenson's Depot. The parcel of ground at Pritchard's Hill figured promi- nently in both battles of Kernstown and in the rear guard actions of Opequon. The parcel of ground at Stephenson's Depot figured in cavalry actions during the battle of Opequon and in the engagement of Rutherford's Farm (20 July 1864). Although the field over which the Louisiana Brigade attacked West Fort has been divided by the rte. 37 bypass, the terrain is still intact and adds to the interpretation of the battle. Central to understanding the Union ring of fortifica- tions at Winchester are Fort Milroy, Star Fort, and West Fort. Of these, Star Fort is well preserved, while remnants survive of Fort Milroy and West Fort. Portions of related entrenchments survive on ridges north and west of Winchester, although the extent of survivals has not been measured. The view from Star Fort is essential for understanding the US position at Second Winchester. Access to Fort Milroy and creation of a viewshed among trees would enhance the ability to interpret the Union situation. The routes of CS flanking maneuvers (Early to the west and Johnson to the east) can be followed. Early's route traverses well preserved rural tracts north from Cedar Creek Grade along Apple Pie Ridge. The exact route can only be followed on foot across private property. Johnson's route crosses a portion of the Opequon battlefield and follows rural roads past Jordan Spring to the intersection of rtes. 761 and 11 near Stephenson. Much of this course is through scenic farmland, although the density of housing along segments of these roads is increasing. Driving this route offers an appreciation of CS strategy and of the final action at Stephenson's Depot. Many historic structures associated with the battle remain in and around the city of Winchester, including Taylor's Hotel which served as the US headquarters, and Cloverdale and Walnut Grove, which were passed by Early's flank march. PERCEPTION OF THREATS TO BATTLEFIELD The city of Winchester has grown up around the US defensive position, which was anchored by West Fort, Star Fort, Fort Milroy, and connecting entrenchments. In most cases, however, the ridge crests have been the last to develop as residential tracts have filled the valleys. As a result, Star Fort is well preserved; portions of Fort Milroy remain; and traces of West Fort can be located. Recently, housing has been built along West Fort Ridge ("Louisiana Heights") destroying or otherwise segmenting surviving earthworks. The northern portion of Fort Milroy was recently purchased for the purpose of development; the southern portion is owned by National Fruit Products. Seven acres of Star Fort are owned by a local preservation group, but the surrounding 50 acres are zoned commer- ciallbusiness and are currently for sale; portions of earthworks at Star Fort are in need of stabilization; grounds would need to be cleared, planted with grass, and maintained to expand visitation and interpretation. Commercial and industrial development along rte. 522 intrudes somewhat on the viewshed. Of the five main engagement areas, Bower's Hill is a housing subdivision and site of a high school, elementary school, and water tower. A degraded portion of the field (also fought over during First Winchester) remains along railroad tracks west of US 11, but this land is scheduled for high density residential development. Johnson's position CIVIL WAR STIES IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA on June 13-14 at the intersection of Front Royal and Millwood pikes lies beneath I-81 interchange #82. Land contours have been extensively altered and viewsheds blocked by dense commercial/industrial development in the vicinity. These two segments for most interpretive activities have been lost. Pritchard's Hill is privately owned and remains m a relatively pristine state. The land between Pritchard's Hill and Bower's Hill has already been densely developed for residential and commercial purposes. The Apple Pie Ridge -West Fort parcel across which the Louisiana brigade attacked West Fort is bisected by rte. 37 -bypass but is visually well preserved, maintained as pasture and apple orchards. Two historic stone houses survive adjacent to the highway, which runs through a ravine and is not particularly intrusive to the view from Apple Pie Ridge. An excellent vantage point for understanding this phase exists just south of the intersection of rtes. 522 and 679. The area south ofStephenson's Depot, site of the massive US surrender, is by far the best preserved parcel of Second Winchester. Except for power lines and towers, the land retains its Civil War appearance. This parcel covers much of the ground where the battle culminated, where the most desperate fighting occurred, and where nearly 3,000 Union soldiers surrendered; its significance should not be underestimated. The parcel is owned by a local developer, but is not currently serviced by sewage lines. IDENTIFIED SITES AND FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE BATTLEFIELD (UNSURVEYED*) Abrams Creek Milburn Road Abrams Delight Milltown Apple Pie Ridge National Cemetery Battery Hill Northwestern Pike Battery Heights Old Charles Town Road Berryville Pike Old Town Winchester Bower's Hill. Parkin's Mill Camp Hill Pritchard's Hill Cedar Creek Grade Star Fort Cloverdale* Stephenson's Depot Collier Redoubt Stine's Chapel (site of) Entrenchments Stone Houses Fort Milroy Stonewall Cemetery Front Royal Pike Taylor's Hotel Jonathan Smith House Tidball's Spring Jordan Springs Tollgate (site of) Keckley Mills Valley Pike Kernstown West Fort Louisiana Heights Walnut Grove* Middle Road Willow Lawn* Milburn Cemetery Winchester & Potomac Railroad C • • r RNAF3 25. SFCOMa WINCHr-s a rF iNTEORP T V — 1991 r� r� • CIVIL WAR SITES IN THE SIIENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA OPEQLTON OR TFIIRD WINCHESTER (19 SEPTEMBER 1 8f 4) County: Frederick, VA and City of Winchester General Location: Area east of Winchester from 1-81 along Berryville Pike (VA 7) to Opequon Creek. Also combat north of Red Bud Run W to US 11. Stephenson's Depot. Star Fort. Collier Redoubt. Size of Study/Core Areas: 11,67014,914 acres GIS Integrity of Study/Core Areas: 54147 percent; Fair/ Poor Field Assessment of Study Area Integrity: Poor USGS Quadrants: Winchester, Stephenson Campaign: Sheridan's Valley Campaign Principal Commanders: [c] Lt. Gen. Jubal Early; [u] Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan. Forces Engaged: [c] Four divisions (Gordon, Rodes, Ramseur, Breckinridge/Wharton), two cavalry divisions (Fitz Lee, Lomax), about 15,200; [u] Three infantry corps (Wright, Emory, Crook), cavalry corps (Torbert), about 39,236. Casualties: [c] 3,611 (226k/1,567w/1,818m&c); [u] 5,018 (697k/3,983w/338m). Significance: Opequon or Third Winchester (fought 19 September 1864) was the largest and most desperately contested battle of the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, resulting in more than 9,000 casualties. The battle was a turning point of the war in the Valley, marking the rise of Sheridan and the decline of Confederate power. Sheridan defeated the Confederate army again three days later at Fisher's Hill (22 September), forcing it to retreat up the Valley to near Waynesboro. The CS army of Lt. Gen. ]ubal A. Early suffered about 23 percent casualties. Casualties for the larger Union army under Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan exceeded 5,000, nearly 20 percent. The Union XIX Corps sustained 40 percent casualties (2,074 a men) and lost every regimental commander during its assaults on the Middle Field and Second Woods. The most severe fighting and casualties occurred in the large parcel east of I-81, north of rte. 7, west of rte. 656, and south of rte. 661. The Middle Field ranks with some of the most sanguinary fields of the Civil War, witnessing more than 3,000 casualties. CS general Robert E. Rodes and US general D. A. Russell were both killed within a few hundred yards of the Dinkle Barn site at the entrance to Winchester Mall. DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE Phase One. US Advance (19 September): Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan's array advanced from the vicinity of Berryville on the Winchester -Berryville Pike about 0200 hours, 19 September 1864. At earliest light, Brig. Gen. James Wilson's cavalry division crossed the Opequon at Spout Spring and advanced through a defile known as Berryville Canyon, followed by the US infantry (VI Corps, XIX Corps, and Crook's corps). At the canyon's mouth the cavalry met the first elements of Maj. Gen. Stephen Ramseur's CS division and drove them back on their supports. Johnston's brigade deployed across the pike and held back the Union advance, while the rest of the division came into line to cover the Berryville Pike and Senseny Road farther to the south. The US cavalry launched several mounted and dismounted charges, driving the CS infantry back about 150 yards to the vicinity of the Dinkle Barn. Here Ramseur stiffened his defense with artillery, and the US cavalry withdrew as its infantry began to deploy. Wilson's division moved to cover the US left flank where it remained for the rest of the battle. Phase Two. Cavalry Action: About 0200 hours Brig. Gen. Wesley Merritt's cavalry division of three brigades (Custer, Devin, Lowell) advanced toward Seiver's and Locke's fords from the vicinity of Berryville. Their crossings were resisted by Brig. Gen. John McCausland's cavalry brigade dismounted behind barricades. The Reserve brigade (Lowell) pushed across at Seiver's Ford against fitful opposition. Custer's brigade met heavier resistance at Locke's Ford and made several mounted charges before securing a foothold on the western bank. By 0800 hours both wings were across the creek, but the cavalry did not advance for several hours. About 1030 hours, McCausland's skirmishers withdrew, and Merritt's division moved cautiously forward. Waiting for them was CIVIL WAR SITES IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA Wharton's infantry division about a mile west of the fords, deployed across the roads in woods and behind stone fences. About 1100 hours, the US cavalry began testing the CS defenses with skirmishers and artillery. Custer launched one mounted attack but was quickly repulsed. About noon, Sheridan's main infantry attack was under- way, and Wharton's division withdrew to cover the CS left flank on the Valley Pike north of Winchester. Merritt continued forward along Charles Town Road. Custer followed the Line of the Winchester & Potomac Railroad. About 1400 hours Merritt's division converged with Averell's cavalry division on the Valley Pike near Stephenson's Depot. (See phase seven.) Phase Three. Deployment of US Infantry: In the mean- time, the Union infantry bogged down in the narrow confines of Berryville Canyon, dashing Sheridan's hopes of quickly taking Winchester and defeating the CS army in detail. Maj. Gen. Horatio Wright's VI Corps of three divisions (Getty, Ricketts, Russell) emerged from the canyon in order. Getty's division deployed south of the pike with its left flank resting on Abrams Creek. Ricketts' division formed north of the pike on Getty's right and extending to Redbud Run. Russell's division was held in reserve. The XIX Corps of two divisions (Dwight and Grover) did not begun crossing until after 0900 hours and eventually deployed north of the pike into the First Woods, connecting with Ricketts' right. Sheridan established his headquarters near the Berryville Pike, probably south of the road on the Eversole Farm. As the US infantry deployed, the CS batteries opened a furious fire from behind the Dinkle Barn. Union batteries swung into action on both sides of the pike to engage the CS guns. In the meantime, Lt. Gen. tubal Early concentrated his scattered divisions. Rodes' division, marching from near Stephenson's Depot, deployed to the left and rear of Ramseur's division in the West Woods. Gordon's division extended the line across the Hackwood Farm to Redbud Run. Wharton's infantry and Fitz Lee's cavalry division drew a line across the Valley Pike north of town near Stephenson's Depot. CS batteries deployed on high ground along Baker Lane north and south of the West Woods, and north of Redbud Run. Skirmishing contin- ued along Ramseur's front. Phase Four. Fighting in Middle Field: At 1140 hours, a t N signal gun boomed and Grover's division of four F brigades (Birge, Molineux, Sharpe, and Shunk) launched its attack from the First Woods across Middle Field toward the Second Woods behind which Gordon's division waited. CS horse artillery north of Redbud Run played havoc with the flanks of Grover's attacking line. Birge's brigade reached the woods, driving back skirmish- ers, but then canoe up against Gordon's main line and were staggered. Sharpe's brigade came up on Birge's left, and the fighting became desperate. The Confederate line broke, falling back across the Hackwood property. Seven CS cannon in the Hackwood Lane fired canister pointblank into the US attackers, throwing them back Gordon now launched a counterattack with two brigades, driving Birge and Sharpe out of the Second Woods and back across Middle Field. Grover ordered Molineux to advance and plug the gap that had opened between Birge and Sharpe. The firing was so intense that Molineux's flanks seemed to "melt away." Shunk's brigade was thrown forward to bolster the wavering Union line, coming in on Molineux's right rear. Shunk closed to within sixty yards of the CS line in the Second Woods. The two lines delivered pointblank volleys into each others' ranks. Gordon again counterattacked, and the Union attack collapsed. The wreckage of Grover's division went streaming back across the Middle Field to the safety of the First Woods. The CS horse battery (Breathed) north of Redbud Run again worked execution among the retreating division. Every regimental com- mander in Grover's division was killed or wounded; casualties totaled nearly 1,500..,-Beal's brigade of Dwight's division deployed in the treeline at the east end of the Middle Field and advanced into "that basin of Hell" to stem the retreat. Gordon's men waiting along the treeline of the Second Woods laid down a murderous fire. The Union brigade did not reach within 200 yards of the Second Woods before being pinned down. They ex pended all of their ammunition before retreating back to the First Woods. The 114th New York suffered casualties of 60 percent (188 of 350 effectives). McMillan's brigade, personally directed by Corps commander Maj. Gen. William Emory, advanced. They reached a shallow ravine about 200 yards from the Second Woods, where two regiments (8VT and 12CT) clung on for nearly two hours. By 1300 hours, the main thrust of the XIX Corps attack was blunted and its ranks decimated. By 1400 hours, firing on this end of the field sputtered out from sheer exhaustion. • • • • • CML WAR SrrEs IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY Or VIRGINIA Phase Five. Fighting Near Dinkle Barn. At 1140 in conjunction with the XIX Corps' advance on the right, Getty's and Ricketts's divisions of the VI Corps launched their attack against Ramseur's line, which was positioned on high ground, stretching from the Dinkle Barn south behind Abrams Creek. Ricketts' division on the right was ordered to guide its attack on the Berryville Pike, which takes a sharp jog to the left in front of the Dinkle Barn. As they advanced, a gap widened between the VI Corps and the XIX Corps on the far right. Keifer's and Emerson's brigades ruptured the Confederate center at the Dinkle Barn and moved to capture.a battery of artillery in front of the West Woods. Ramseur's left flank now gave way and Confederates began to drift back toward Winchester. Phase Six. Rodes's Counterattack: Just as Ramseur's left flank gave way from the Union attacks, Maj. Gen. Robert E. Rodes brought his division forward from its protected position in the West Woods. About 1330 he launched a devastating counterattack into the gap that had opened between the VI and XIX Corps. Battle's Alabama brigade "came out of the woods like a whirlwind," crushing Ricketts's division, which formed the right flank of the VI Corps. About this time, General Rodes was killed by shrapnel. He fell somewhere along the woods line. Union soldiers streamed back along the Berryville Pike, while two US batteries astride the pike tried to slow the CS assault. From his command post on Eversole's Hill, Sheridan and Wright witnessed the disaster. Sheridan immediately committed his reserves to stave off certain defeat, this was David A. Russell's division of three brigades (Campbell, Upton, and Edwards). Campbell advanced his brigade astride the Berryville Pike with Edwards' brigade to his right. General Russell, directing these maneuvers, was mortally wounded. The two brigades struck Battle's attackers head-on and stalled them in the ravine from which they had emerged and drove them back on their supports at the edge of the West Woods—the rest of Rodes' division. Upton's brigade came in on Edwards' right advancing from the edge of the Second Woods. The two divisions—Rodes' and Russell's—closed, exchanging murderous volleys. Upton's impetuous charge stopped the CS counterattack and drove it back into the West Woods. Russell's division was then withdrawn out of range to regroup. Wright called Upton's attack the turning point of the battle. M Phase Seven. Cavalry Action: Concurrent with the above events, there was cavalry fighting along the Valley Pike north of Winchester. About 0500 hrs. the Union cavalry division of William Averell crossed the Opequon near Darkesville and moved to the Valley Pike, steadily pushing back the 23rd Virginia Cavalry, which fought a delaying action back to Bunker Hill. There the 23VA were rein- forced by the 62nd Virginia mounted infantry. About 10 o'clock, Union cavalry attacked at Bunker Hill, forcing the CS cavalry to retire. Averell continued pushing south on the pike to link up with Merritt's division about 1400 hours, near Stephenson's Depot. South of the old Charles Town road, the Confederate cavalry units were stiffened by Smith's infantry brigade (Wharton's Division). About 1330, Devin's brigade arrived on the road to the depot. About one mile south of the depot, it encountered McCausland's brigade drawn up in line of battle and attacked, driving the Confederates back in confusion. The 23VA cavalry and the 62VA mounted infantry attacked the Union flank disrupting the charge. McCausland and Smith retired one mile to the lightly entrenched line at near Collier Redoubt where they were reinforced by Fitz Lee's two brigades (Wickham and Payne) and Wharton's infantry division. Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee fell wounded, during the fighting south of Stephenson's Depot. The Union cavalry deployed five brigades in line of battle, stretching from the railroad west toward the ridge near the intersection of the Valley Pike and Welltown Road. Phase Eight. Crook's Flank Attadc About 1300 hours, Sheridan directed Crook's corps of two divisions (Thoburn and Duval) to advance from its reserve position near Spout Spring. The divisions marched to near the "Factory" on Redbud Run, where they split up. Thoburn's division moved west on the south bank of Redbud into the First Woods to relieve the XIX Corps. Duval's division crossed the run and turned west accom- panied by the artillery of Capt. Henry DuPont. Duval's division deployed near the Huntsberry House. DuPont unlimbered 18 guns on what has been named DuPont Hill, opposite Gordon's flank in the Second Woods and opened fire. Crook now ordered Duval's division forward into a "wall of flame." They swept across Redbud Run at the Hackwood House, turning Gordon's flank and advancing against Wharton's line, stretching from Collier Redoubt east. About this time, Thoburn's division CIVIL WAR SITES IN THF SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA charged out of the First Woods into the Middle Field. This two-pronged assault forced Gordon to abandon the Second Woods and align himself with Breckinridge to his left rear. The CS line was now drawn into a compact L - shape, anchored by cavalry at Star Fort. Wharton's division faced north. Gordon's division made the turn of the L and Rodes' and Ramseur's divisions extended the line south to Abrams Creek. Phase Nine. Collapse of CS Line; With the success of Crook's attack on the right, Sheridan ordered a general advance against the constricted CS position on the plateau just north and east of the town. The Confederates were posted behind stone fences, rail barricades, and in shallow eartbworks constructed in 1862. They could retreat no farther without losing organization in the streets of Winchester. As the Union advance closed from east and north, firing became fierce and desperate. The massed artillery of both sides fired case shot and canister, General Sheridan rode forward to the battle lines to urge his troops forward. About 1530 hours, as the infantry fighting reached a crescendo, Averell and Merritt advanced their cavalry divisions astride the Valley Pike, first at a walk and then at a thundering gallop. They swept over the CS line at Collier Redoubt driving back the CS cavalry on the low ground below Star Fort. Schoonmaker's brigade of Averell's division repeatedly attacked Munford's cavalry at Star Fort, eventually overrunning the work. The CS infantry withdrew to another line about 150 yards to the rear but the damage was done. The sound of Union cavalry pounding in their rear spread panic all along the Confederate he, and soldiers began streaming to the rear and "whirling through Winchester." Wharton's and Gordon's divisions seemed to disintegrate, Seven Federal horseman captured Confederate battle flags, each earning a Medal of Honor. Rodes's division (commanded now by Grimes) performed the difficult maneuver of "changing front" to the north to stop the onrushing US cavalry. Early's army retreated in disorder, Phase Ten. Rear Guard Actions; General Early fashioned a defensive line at Kernstown (probably at Pritchard's Hill and behind Hoge's Run) which saved his wagons and most of his artillery. Cavalry and elements of the VI Corps probed this makeshift CS defense as night fell, but the US forces were too disorganized by success to mount an effective pursuit. After dark, the CS army withdrew up the R Valley Pike to Fisher's Hill south of Strasburg. Gen. Sheridan established his headquarters in Winchester at the home of Lloyd Logan. Casualties were so severe that nearly every sizeable structure in Winchester served as a hospital after the battle. CURRENT CONmum OF THE BATTLEFIELD The Opequon battlefield is large and sprawling, covering thousands of acres east and north of Winches- ter. In general, much of the battlefield has been greatly degraded or destroyed by the expanding urban environs of Winchester, but several significant parcels currently remain, perhaps 800-900 acres: these include the Cavalry Field north of Collier Redoubt, the Hackwood Estate, northern half of Middle Field and Fust Woods adjacent to Redbud Run, and the heights (including DuPont's Hill) north of Redbud Run. Together, these parcels form a block of battlefield core that retains a high degree of integrity. Many historic structures remain in the vicinity, including Hackwood; Spout Spring (Wood House) on rte. 7 adjacent to a sewage treatment plant; an old house, mill site, and a dye house where rte. 656 crosses Redbud Run; an old log house where rte. 659 crosses Redbud Run; Brumley House; Valley Mill Farm Jordan Springs; Tanquary House; and others. The Hackwood Estate dates from 1777 and is a historic treasure in its own right, Preservation of this house and parcel alone would allow substantial interpretation of the battle of Opequon. Other parcels, such as the Opequon Crossing and Spout Spring, Seiver's and Locke's fords, and the Second Winchester parcel at Stephenson's Depot (which was scene of cavalry actions during this battle) would expand interpretation. Star Fort and Collier Redoubt appear protected, although without sufficient buffers. Although -hemmed in by development and severely degraded, the Dinlde Barn site adjacent to the I-81 entrance ramp off rte. 7 is key to understanding the attack of the VI Corps and Rodes' counterattack. A portion of the ravine down which Rodes attacked is intact northeast of 1-81 interchange in front of the Dinkle Barn site at the entrance of Winchester Mall. The battery heights west of 1-81 are being developed for business, industrial, and residential uses. The last surviving parcel of West Woods (adjacent to 1-81) is currently being bulldozed for townhouses. • • • • CML WAR SYM IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA The Hastings marker is the only monument erected on IDENTIFIED SITES AND FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH the battlefield that remains. It is enclosed by an iron fence THE BATTLEFIELD (UNSURVEYED*) and sits next to the road in the midst of Fort Collier Business/Industrial Park east of Collier Redoubt. Nearby are the remains of old stone fences and an old farm lane defended by CS troops in the battle's later phases, PERCEPTION OF THREATS TO BATTLEFIELD Threats are immediate and of large order. If contin- ued as planned, the residential development of Caleb Heights and associated development would destroy the last remaining intact parcels of the infantry fighting at the battle of Opequon. According to county -approved plans, construction would occupy most of the area south of Redbud Run with more than 600 single family homes, townhouses, and a commercial strip. A connector road would be pushed through from the north, separating Hackwood and DuPont's Hill. As of this writing, con- struction has not begun and has been held up by financial transactions. The Hackwood House and property (144 acres) was recently offered for auction but the sale was postponed. This property could potentially be subdivided. Regency Lakes subdivision was built several years ago on southern portions of Middle Field and First Woods. Further phases of housing development, if constructed, would cover the last portion of Second Woods, "Rodes' Ravine," and another segment of the First Woods. Star Fort itself is owned by a Civil War reenactment group but the sur- rounding 50 -acres is for sale and zoned commercial] industrial. The Shenandoah Valley Civil War Foundation, a local preservation group, has negotiated to preserve a small portion of the Second Woods area as a park if develop- ment proceeds. The developer, Top of Virginia Corpora- tion, has agreed to set aside 63 acres in the area adjacent to Hackwood as a commemorative park. A forty -acre parcel of Middle Field next to Redbud Run is privately owned; the owner has stated in the past that he will not develop it. Baker House (site of) Berryville Canyon Berryville Pike Brumley House Burnt Factory Farm C. Wood's Mill (site of*) Carter House Cleridge Farm (Opequon Inn) Collier Redoubt Dinkle Barn (site of) DuPont's Hill Eversole House (site of) First Woods Greenwood Church Hackwood Hackwood Lane Hasting's Monument Hoffmann House (site of) Huntsberry House (site of) I. Wood House Jordan Springs Locke's Ford Milburn Cemetery Middle Field Morgan's Mill (ruin) National Cemetery Old Town Winchester Opequon Crossing Ravine up which Rodes attacked Red Bud Mill (site of) Rutherford House (site of) Second Woods Seiver's Ford Spout Spring (Wood House) Star Fort Stephenson's Depot (site of) Stonewall Cemetery Tanquery's Ford Thomas McCann House Valley Mill Farm Valley Pike West Woods Wood's Mill (site of) Wright's Ford 0 P rE Cl U 0 IM � W T F Q R I T V - 19 OT (�Wmworoevs Em-yed to balittilc pAE-71,9G-C-4 Item # 3 Homespun revised Conditional Use Permit The Historic Resources Advisory Board has been requested to review and provide comment on a revised Conditional Use Permit application for the Homespun country store at 949 Cedar Creek Grade. The HRAB originally reviewed the Homespun application in September 2001, and forwarded comments (see attached letter from Rebecca Ragsdale, dated September 19, 2001). The applicant now seeks to expand the use to include a tea room and a photography gallery. The gallery would be located in an adjacent building that would be constructed on the site. These additional uses warrant a revised Conditional Use Permit. Homespun dates from the late eighteenth century and has a very unique floor plan. Ownership of the property can be traced, in part, since its original construction but the exact details are not clear. The house was once part of a plantation complex that totaled 466 acres. This is revealed on an 1858 engineer survey of the property conducted for a previous owner, John N. Bell. Staff consulted the Rural Landmarks Survey Report and Homespun is listed as a property potentially eligible for the State and National Register of Historic Places. What today is known as Cedar Creek Grade was a major road by 1810, and it was popular to build homes along that way. This is mentioned in the photocopied pages, "They Built Their Homes on Cedar Creek" which are included. Staff has also included other information gathered relevant to discussion: summary made in the Rural landmarks Survey about the significance of Homespun, information presented on the Rural landmarks Tour about Homespun, a newspaper article featuring renovations that took place on the house, and the Historic landmarks Commission survey form. This information is consistent with the materials provided to the HRAB in 2001. A brief description of the proposed changes to Homespun has been provided by the applicant, titled Homespun and 1790 Team Room, are attached. 5 Homespun and 1790 Tea Room A description as prepared for the Historical Resources Advisory Board Homespun Gifts and Gardens is located on the south side of Cedar Creek Grade, specifically at 949 Cedar Creek Grade, % mile from the center of Winchester at the Winchester City -Frederick County line. It is literally at the doorstep of two large subdivisions called "Harvest Ridge," one part of which houses single family homes and the other part of which houses an active "over 55" community. Homespun is a unique, 2500 square foot, 18th century log dwelling with stone, frame and brick additions, including a double porch and deck area that adds another 900 square feet of useable space. It is one of the few known examples of a house with a "dog -trot" plan in Frederick County and as such was added to the Virginia Historic Register and the National Register of Historic Places shortly after being renovated to full commercial standards) in 2002. Homespun Gifts and Gardens is an existing business that has been operated successfully over the last seven years by Mary Turner, wife of local commercial realtor RJ Turner. It currently offers a wide selection of locally made, hand crafted goods ranging from wood carvings and statues, stained glass, quilting, jewelry, and other small gift items, all displayed under a consignment arrangement between Ms. Turner and the artists. The one acre lot and structure are currently zoned residential but are being operated under a conditional use permit granted in 2002. (note: the one acre adjoining lot is located over the county line in the City of Winchester, and is zoned B-1 commercial). Starlite Companies, LLC, owned by Jane Nelson, has the intention of entering into a sales agreement with Turner Enterprises ,LLC for the purchase of Homespun and is currently seeking the support of the HRAB for proposed use as follows: 1. Starlite Companies LLC intends to retain the existing business called "Homespun", augmenting its retail offerings with gourmet candy, snacks, and baked goods. We intend to make no adjustments to the exterior of the existing log structure (except perhaps a refresher painting and the addition of period shutters on the facade). 2. Starlite Companies LLC intends to add to the concept of "Homespun" by offering a limited service, 24 -seat tea room offering a traditional British menu, five days per week from 11A-4PM. There will be no adjustments to the interior of the property to accommodate seating for the tearoom. The only necessary interior modification will be the conversion of the lower floor "kitchen" area (currently designated for a kitchen but lacking fitments) to a health department approved semi -commercial grade kitchen that will be able to service the tearoom. There will be no structural additions or deletions to the kitchen area; upon discussion with Matt Bloom of the Frederick County Health Department we learned that given the nature of the menu, the existing space and type of materials used in the renovation of the building are of an acceptable grade. We need only add additional lighting, appliances, cabinetry and sinks. We intend, insofar as we are able, to retain the period feel of the kitchen when doing the fitting out. 0 3. V2V Gallery, a DBA of Starlite Companies, LLC, is a photography company that intends to use Homespun as its base. V2V intends, with proper zoning and building approval, to build a 600 square foot (300 square foot per floor) log structure completely in keeping with the main house. This building would utilize the spring house as a portion of its gallery space to exhibit photography done both by V2V and by local artisans. The log structure would be attached to the rear wall of the spring house and would consist of a small pass through/foyer area opening into the main display area. This plan would require that a doorway be cut into the rear stone wall of the spring house, an opening not to exceed the standard door measurements of 78" X 36" (to allow for wheelchair access). We intend to add disabled access from the parking area to the main door of the gallery, namely in the pass through, by building a ADA approved ramp. Note: the log building type being considered would be an original 18th or 19th century log building that is purchased intact, disassembled and rebuilt on site. It will not be a log home"kit" or other look a like. We look forward to meeting with all of you and look forward to your support in our use of Homespun. Kind Regards, Jane Nelson Managing Member Starlite Companies, LLC 7 COUNTY of FREDERICK Department of Planning and Development 5401665-5651 FAX: 5401665-6395 October 25, 2001 TURNER ENTERPRISES, LLC Mr. and Mrs. R. J. Turner 317 Greenwood Avenue Winchester, VA 22602 RE: CUP #15-01 OF HOMESPUN GIFTS & GARDENS Property Identification Number 63 -A -2H Dear Mr. and Nlrs. Turner: This letter is to confirm action taken by the Frederick County Board of Supervisors at their meeting on October 24, 2001. Your request, Conditional Use Permit #15-01 for a Country General Store ("Homespun Gifts & Gardens") was approved with the following conditions: 1. All review agency comments shall be complied with at all times. 2. An engineered site plan shall be approved by the County. All improvements shall be installed prior to operation of the country general store. 3. Maximum height of a freestanding sign shall be.six (6) feet. 4. Maximum size of a freestanding sign shall be twenty-five (25) square feet. 5. No internally -illuminated signs shall be allowed outside of the building. 6. Maximum size of a building -mounted sign shall be ten (10) square feet. 7. Dumpsters shall be completely enclosed by an opaque fence with a minimum setback of fifteen (15) feet from the property line. 8. Parking shall only be, permitted behind the structure. 9. No petroleum sales, restaurant or deli operation shall be allowed. 10. Any expansion or change of use will require a new Conditional Use Permit. If you have any questions regarding this action, please feel free to call this office. Sincerely, i ar heran Planner I MRC/ch cc: Harrington Smith, Shawnee District Supervisor Jane Anderson, Real Estate p',AgennaMpprova! ItrsTUP's\200i1Homespun Gifts.CUP_wpd 107 North Kent Street - Winchester, Virginia 22601-5000 COUNTY of FREDERICK Department of Planning and Development 540/665-5651 FAX: 5461665-6395 September 19, 2001 Mr. R. J. Turner Turner Enterprises, LLC 317 Greenwood Road Winchester, VA 22602 RE: Homespun Gifts & Gardens CUP - 949 Cedar Creek Grade Dear Mr. Turner: The Frederick County Historic Resources Advisory Board (HRAB) considered the referenced proposal during their meeting of September 18, 2001. The HRAB reviewed information associated with the Frederick CoupRural Landmarks SunLe the Battlefield Network Plan, and information which Mr. Boyd provided at the meeting. Historic Resources Advisou Board Concerns The historic structure located on the parcel, known as Homespun, is proposed for utilization as a General Country Store, accomplished through the acquisition of a Conditional Use Permit (CUP). The FMAB considered the details of the proposed business and its impact on the historic structure known as Homespun. Given the property's close proximity to the City of Winchester, the HRAB also considered possible improvements the City would require for such a business along Cedar Creek Grade. After discussion and consideration, the HRAB recommends approval of this CUP and requests that the applicant make the following provisions: • Maximum height of six (6) feet for freestanding signs Maximum freestanding signs of 25 square feet in size • Prohibition of internally illuminated signs • Maximum building -mounted sign of ten (10) square feet • No expansion of use without a revised CUP • Minimum setback of 15 feet for dumpsters and complete enclosure of them • Parking in the rear 107 North Kent Street • Winchester, Virginia 22601-5000 Page 2 Mr. R..1. Turner Re. Homespun Gins & Gardens CLIP September 19, 2001 The HRAB believed the proposed use of the property would be appropriate and was impressed with the applicant's preservation initiatives. The HRAB also believed the provisions mentioned above should be included as conditions of the CUP. Please contact me with any questions concerning these comments from the HRAB. Sincerely, d OWA 414 Rebecca Ragsdale Planner T RR/rsa U:ICON&UT`I'E &S1HR AB\Recomm endal ion&Womes punCUP. wpd Conditional Use Permit Application for 949 Cedar Creek Grade in Frederick County, Virginia g south of the front of the building Looking nofth at the back of the building Homespun Gifts & Gardens, as the name implies, will sell a variety of items with and Early American theme. An on ,premises kitchen will produce apple and vegetable specialties from the Homespun Gardens (caramel apples, zucchini bread, relishes) as well as candies and cookies. One of the buildings eight rooms will serve as an office; all other rooms will be furnished with merchandise for sale. The merchandise will include furniture, bedding, throws, pillows, games and toys, books and stationery, toiletries, garden accessories, pottery, vases and candles. In addition, customers will be offered the opportunity to select; plants, cut flowers, vegetables and pots from the gardens. The hours of business operation, initially, will be 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Tuesday through Saturday, closed Sunday and Monday. There will be no service of gas or other petroleum products, alcohol for consumption on the premises, fried food, and no restaurant or deli operation. � h I i' .o9EPff A. RID(. ET Al rm-" ((A)) P --P r9.0.5 AGR4.T f El F�---F,?ACF-7--- „u--63 ((A)) P -2—H AUEA� 43,556.627 5q. k. �i '?CW Ca11NERCW- ERTRANCE— Put ACIItEN"r wall Aamumr FROPEWY awls ER H = 1,402.s9 - Ch - 1�9_C-2' Ch. Brg. = ;7212'54-E APPROL �r[A� U Lx MUM% NrRAIC r-� C4 r7f� p -r . PROPOSED A% FM14ffG A9E:A 305' FTlCCFA1aS KWIfiY. VA. IRF WINCH 57-R CORPORATE UNE -1" r1r( a: Vium;! a.R, VA. RlUSrn, OF Ac na)w a ALLEY me-=uIL w -,,r USM" OF EW1 W A AILD! Ot CCA2W D9 sac PO 377 PARCCC-1, 24 ACVCS� 03-252, PC421 (qre OF IN"Qi&SrrF aAr"`i 6"-Irz) C SHKfi �NM IX T41 k Wo uw 365.,62' 949 CEDAR CREEK GRADE` RGHCRT lei. WHITE PROPERTY CALF: V" M OAA1111 BY: jc;— '.OATti:30AUC01 .k49 -Fn10703 I RE%I5=0: n �L pi J r r 1J 131 :J P4VTER—LEWIS. P.L.C_ _ MCHESTFR, VIRGINIA TURNER REAL ESTATE, LLC GRAVIlc SKETCH FLAN EXHIBIT 1 1791-1830 33 Ficure 2.12 The Bell House, also knotm as Homespun, avas oria nally owned by John Miller and left to his daughter Rebecca Nfiller Bell in I815. Located on the outskirts of Winchester, it remained in the Bell family until the Civil War, when John N. Bell lost the prmperty to creditors while being held as a ,prisoner of war. Stewart Bell Sr., a b andson, bought the property back and finished pay- ing off the debt seventyflue years later. (Photo by John G. Uivis) The Bell House, located along Cedar Creek Grade west of Winchester, is another highly unique log building that was con- structed in the latter part of the eighteenth century (Figure 2.12). Preliminary investigation indicates that the house is a variation on a dogtrot plan, which consists of two pens separated by a central breezeway under a common roof The Bell Hoarse is composed of two large log cells connected by a frame section, all Lander the same roof. Each log pen is two stories and has its own exterior -end stone chim- ney with a brick stack. The end chimney on the east log portion acts as a central chimney because of a side stone and brick addition. It is not known if the central frame section between the log units was originally an open breezeway that was later enclosed. It appears that both log pens were constructed at the same time, probably dur- ing the Iast decade of the 1 eOs. The Bell Hoarse is one of only a few known buildings with this type of plan in the county. The dogtrot plan is most common in the lower Midwest and South, where the climate is warmer and the central breezeway affords a cool and shady place. 36 W114CITESTER AND VICINITY erI'HE i 13UII..,T THEIR HOMES ON CEDAR CREEK" This borne on Cedar Creek was built before there'waa a Winchester - It is the ancestral home of the Richards fatntlt. Among rite ;ittdians, lite bears, the panthers, the wildcats, the deers and The wolves, pioneers built their homes on Cedar Creek before there was a Winchester and even before Fred- erick County t'�as laid out, in 1733. In the year George Wash- iaVon ~was born 1732, Joist Hite a German, came from York, I'a. as the firs` settler in the Vit}ley. His family consisted of, his wile Anna Maria, their fi.-e sons, John, Jacob, Isaac, Abram, and Toseph, and their three daughters: Mary Bow- man, .bfagdelena Cl,risman, and Elizabeth Froman. All of these children'were by his first wife who died in 1738. There were no children by his second wife whom lie married in 1741. George Bowman, son-in-law settler] on Cedar Creek, Jacob Chrisman settled at Christman's Spring now known as Vau Close and Pat,l Froman settled on Cedar Creek nine miles West of the Bowman settlement. Among other families that carate in with Hite, were Robert McKay, Robc-t Green, William Duff, Peter Stephens, founder of Stcphetl City aml others making up sixteen families Hite ryas to settle nn his land. Following on the heels of the first Hite inlmi,,rttinv, John Richards, pioneer of the Richards family and ancestor of the author of this sketch, carate front Devonshire, England and located his grant fm a large tract of land along upper Cedar Creek and its drains. (This grant was direct from the Crown.) He then proceeded to settle other farnilics. fourteen in all following the Ylite immigration. Thin was in 1135. ' WINCIIESTER AND VICINITY 37 ancestor that this quiescent spirit of the lntliaats offered t into lite opportttrnity of acquiring cmasicicralale strength as to number and the accuntttlation of considerable ltrraperty elle' intlaroven,ents, t,cfore Indian 116'stilities .commenced. During this period many I;t,ncl d`11'11" nonoses �vcrC If grecl. 11crr„rw of these tti°cre httilt cif stvnc anti later }teCaTnC (ti great irnlir)r- tat,ee as places, of protection and security against lite attael:s of tine Indi;ttns. In 1751. lathes \Wilson erected a stone house which is now standing. In 1753, C ol. Jolntr I -lite built a stone lncTuse at 13artonsville otnce oecttlaied b�' D°lr. artd Mrs. Robert l„ by far the finest dwellinggtatt'e Barton. This eras considered ~rest of the BlueRidge. (In 1739, Iicury Richards, I)cvcans}tire, England, soil of II Peter Richards, brother of )c�l,n I:icltards, the first settler on the large Richards estate built a hoose that is still standing ill good repair. Tltc old arigi*tat t` Karn, built of intnte.nse logs is still being used. The n,eatlolvs r, of this Diel Richards estate extend for about too miles along Cedar Creek. The last of the old slave houses which hor=sed a very }ar;;c ntrmber of slaves have fallen clown. b,n lite larotiv ref a hill vvcrlooking this estate is the ilicl,nr�ls nected by marriage F= Cemetery where many old families con 4 are buried.), fames INI. Richards who was born lliarch 20, I 07 i ;trod died in 1957 and Alargaret E. Richards, his %vif tsloitile horn September l3, v { , 1919 and died it' 1907 fi l tt i author of this sketch are huried here. Some of the old £ant- ilies pioneers that settled on these upper drains of Ced nr Creek are: the Frys, Keckleys, 13rills, Orndorfl's, Williams, J.I�1cSl�veen ' ILtlssefls, Richards, Richard. Beans, Coopers. 1i11ntes. Turners, J {;ott its, Vances, Hinteirights, Wilsons, . t T'ifers, Findleys. Where did these first settlers get their sula- plies and what slid they do for amusement? There, ti�: ere no paellas, no telephones, no automobiles, no stores, no l:crosene ' for lamps for john D. Rockefeller had not yet refined the crude oil. There ~fere no roads leading to 4Vitlr_hcster .tvknich teas not built until nearly ten years later. The first rF eat rtln^ County Court vias held on November 11, 1743a ]t°larch term; 1745 the Court appointed Samuel Glass, Nathatnicl Cartmell, Vance blarks, Pau! Froman and others "to lay out c tine best and nearest route to the county seat and mark the way through the hi; timbers, said road to commence at I�ro- 111an's Uttn earl Cedar Cri•ek. pass by the Cartmell SPriT19S at the hear} of Opr-rluon--and thence to the County Scat." This roacl is the Cedar Creek (.rade. The early settlers 'lad work k to do. Every member of the family would help with . task. The tallow: candles had to be made, the corn t„nst be „round into meal, leather 111tnst be tanned, shoes and dresse' were hc,menrade. :1lrntnst every home had a loom aril the ladies made their ptrn clvtiling. Big trees were cut tlowu enc. rs flan lous used for building hattses.with the }nclp^of 1.1l 11Af rT FREDERJCX COUNT"I RUR L L 4XDk1.R1TeS SUIT? '!L'I CHAP= 15: RECOMMENDA77OP15 an earthen fort that was constructed in (guard 861 her General Joseph E. 'Johnston's command to approaching northern troops. Homespun 34-180: This large 19th -century dwelling appears to be a dog -trot plan. it consists of two very large log, two-story rooms attached by a central frame hall. This is the only plan of this type identified in the survey. Gano House 34-185: Although in fairlyque dleteriorated condition, the Gano House is a architectural resource in Frederick County. Unlike any other dwelling of this period identified s rvice wing survey, the this he Gano House features a stone 1 1/2-storY h a pair of exterior chimneys that is sited at a right angle to the main house. Located in the northwestern -most portion of the county, it is one of the few significant historic buildings in the area. Stephens Fort 34-197: This hexagonal -stone structure locats in Marlboro, es on the site of Isaac ananes' iron l8th-centuryvrfort used to protect locally considered as Jeff O'Dell, an settlers against Indian attacks. Although,the architectural historian at the vDHR, recently inspected oche site and believes that it is in fact an ice house, citizens still maintain its use as a fort. Other architectural historians who have viewed the building agree with Mr. O'Dell. Whatever�lof Frederick County.ere is no other building like it in Family Drive -In 34-300: Constructed in the early 1950s, this complex is se nifict as a new uenceanof the automobile. It is the developed as a. con 4in the county. most intact resource of its type Cedar Creek Battlefield 34-303: The site of the battle that took place on October 19, 1864 that assured the Union troops control of the Valley until the end of the War, isncurrent-prof3lt bbeing purchased form developers by organization. The National battlefield. Property, Belle Grove, is at the center of this bat -314, Hilandale Earthworks 34-321: These Zig-Zag Trenches 34works two sites are part of a series of earth located troops din vthe of Winchester that were constructed by Fall of 1864, after they had gained control of the area. tro Star Fort 34-322 : Constructed in 1861 S 6 commandnfederaStart Fort vis under General Stonewall Jackson' unique for its star-shaped plan. Third Battle of Winchester 34-456: This battlefield was determined eligible by the VDHR in February of 1990. It is RURAL LANDMARKS 'SOUR ----October 23, 1988 Winchester -Frederick County Historical Society dl '-.,,West Va. VirginiaN-1 LL/ 'i;1z Clear Brook Fred. l roCo.� Fairgund say s2z KENILWORTH Stephenson Charles W. and Joline ©rndoff 73' C. Gd CLERmGE C. Stanley and Martha Clevenger 37 ^�----- SHALOM ET BENE.D�JCTUS ',-'(formerly Jordan's sa uo White Sulphur Springs s Hotel) Opequon RACE MILLS FARM '--m E.C. and Marjorie Copenhaver -`f iza ^Kernstown!'' Cedar Creek Grade 1'/ OPEQUON PRESBYTERIAN 7az CHURCH: 73Z Middle Road j Stephens Cityr'' r FREDERICK COUNTY QCLARKE COUNTY Sa r J Q Interchange MOTES ON WINCHESTER -FREDERICK COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TOUR "Explore the Frederick County Landscape" Sunday, October 23, 1988 _ Proceeds will benefit a survey of Frederick County Sites and Structures i'mespun - located h mile west of Route 11, south on Cedar Creek Grade (#622). This large house stands on the crest of a hill on Cedar Creek Grade. For years travelers on that road have watched as it crumbled and piles of junk col- lected inthe surrounding yard, Now it has been purchased by Mr. Robert White, who is slowly, but carefully restoring it to its former elegance. Names of early property owners are uncertain but at some unknown time it came into the Miller family. The will of John Miller, probated on December 2, 1815, left one-half of his 458 acre farm, known as "Homespun" to his daughter, Rebecca Miller Bell, and the other half to his son, Dr. Godfrey Sperry Miller. It remained in the Bell family until the Civil War when John N. Bell, whose property was devastated while he was held prisoner -of -war, lost his land to his creditors. Mr_ Stewart Bell, Sr., a grandson bought it back and finished paying off the debts 100 years later. The structure appears to have been two log houses that were joined together, thus forming a large central hall. The east end of the building is of stone on the first floor and brick on the second floor. There are large fireplaces and the woodwork in the spacious rooms is quite handsome. The house is in the process of restoration at this time. 2. Race Mills - (Follow Route 622, Cedar Creek Grade west approximately 5 miles). This residence, now restored and owned by Mr. and Mrs. Edward C. Copenhaver, stands on land which was granted to Samuel Class by Joist Hite on November 6, 1742. It is located on Cedar Creek Grade, which was at one time the only road running north and south through this area. The original Glass Mill on the Opequon Creek adjoins the property. In 1833, the Glass family sold the house and mill to Robert Smith. It was then purchased in 1851 by Caspar Rinker and remained in the Rinker family for 99 years, when it was bought by M.C. Copenhaver. In 1952, his nephew, E.C. Copenhaver and his wife became the current owners. The center section of the house is believed to be designed as a typical Irish - Ulster home with one middle door and two windows on either side. A two-story wing was added around 1810. At the time the property was purchased by Caspar Rinker it in- cluded the dwelling, dam, mill race, mill, saw mill, dwelling and other buildings, some of which are still in existence today. 3. Opequon Presbyterian Church - (turn west beside 7-11 at Kernstown) The present Opequon Presbyterian Church is located on land donated in 1736 by William Hoge, who also gave two additional acres to be used as a "burying place". A group of residents organized as a Presbyterian congregation in 1736 or 1737 and met in a log meeting house. Itinerant ministers served for a number of years and in 1755, the Rev. John Hoge, grandson of William Hoge, became the first "settled" minister. After 18 years, he asked to be relieved of his duties as minister "on account of none payment." In 1790, a stone structure replaced the log meeting house, and this building continued in use until it was severely damaged during the First Battle of Kernstown in 1862. In 1863, services were discontinued, except for occasional ones in a stone school house that was about 40 feet north of the present structure. A small congrega- tion made repairs to the structure after the war, but in 1873, a fire during a Sunday morning service, left only the walls standing. In 1897, the present sanctuary was completed. The west and south walls were built on the foundations of the 1790 structure, and many of the stones in the walls and the graveyard fence are from that early building. In order to raise money for this structure descendants of those buried in the ancient graveyard were contacted to THEvaMCHESTERSTAR. iyadnesday,Noverrbar23,IJ&a N�� j r u i v i smakers/ F 1 e n c tl 1 f. L Pereri mu.• Homespun Farm, built in the 1Boos, Is being renovated by its aurrentowner. Robert White. T Homespun Gets Another chance Not only is Homespun Farm one of Frederick County's histor- ic structures, but its ownership has included some of the area's foremost citizens, including former Winchester Mayor Stewart Bell. Located just west of Win- chester and perched on a hill just a few feet from Cedar Creek Grade, Homespun has seen bet- ter days. The earliest owners of Home- spun Farm are.unknown, but in 1815 it was bought by John Miller, who deeded the property to his children Rebecca Miller Bell and Dr. Godfrey Sperry Miller. During the Civil War, then - owner John N. Bell lost Home- spun W cradito_s tvhi!e'!° '.raw z prisoner of war. Roughly 100 years later, Bell's grandson, Stewart Bell, paid off the old debts and bought the house back. There have been other owners since Bell, most recently Robert While, who bought the house and one acre last February from Glyanell Headley. Everybody wanted to tear it down and I wanted to remodel it," he said of the have. The two-story stone, woad, and brick house was constructed in stages during the 18tAs, accord- ing to local historian Virginia Miller. The mid-section of the house is believed to be the oldest, follow- ed by a western wing made of wood. An eastern wing of stone (Front row, left to right) Barbara Mason, Josh Matt Feltner celebrate Mickey Mouse's birth - Van Noy, William Funk, (back row, Left to day during a class party at Apple Pie Ridge right) Emily Thomas, Shanta Green, and Elementary School. and brick were added later in the century. In the log section, there is ex- tensive chinking and daubing be tween the logs. The floors appear to be made of yellow pine, Miller said, a common usage for the tree that is now extinct in the northern Shenandoah Valley due to exten- sive use. The home is now in consider- able disrepair, although While hopes to make it livable by next spring. class Salutes Mickey In Linda Shaw's special education class at Apple Pie Ridge Elementary School, stu- dents ]earn by association. They've learned, for instance, that September is the month when school starts and October is when Halloween occurs. To rememi er November, the logical association would be Thanksgiving, but this year. Shaw selected a mor monumental occasion in the ey of her students—the Mill birl: day of Mickey Mouse. Shaw, her aide, Sharon Robi: son, and their eight studena threw a party for the rever+ rodent, complete with cake and balloon launch. `Each of Shaw's eight studen released two balloons with thy names, school address, and meution of Mickey's birthday. "We were honing one made to Disneyland, "Shaw said. - - -- LANDMARKS .. . - -C - - . TF—ii no. 3N-2nil ' .. Il rl,O� IC Lei Nll 1iAS CONI� ISSIO Negative na(s). 12034 S O1 SURVEY FORM tstarie name Dr. William A. Bell (Lake' Common name Homespun County/Town/City Frederick Atlas Street address or route number Rt. 622 USGS Quad Winchester Date or period Irate 18th -early 19th C., early to mid Original owner John Miller {?) Architect/builder/craftsmen 19th C. Original use Residential Present owner Robert White Source of name wFC Historical Society files Present owner address Winchester, Va. Source of date architectural evidence Stories 2 Present use Residential Foundation and wall const'n log on stone foundation w/ Acreage stone & brick addition Roof type Gabled w/ standing seam metal State condition of structure and environs Good State potential threats'to structure Expansion of Cedar Creek Grade Note any archaeological interest Unknown Should be investigated for possible register potential? yes --Y,- no Architectural description (Note significant features of plan, structural system and interior and exterior decoration, taking care to point out aspects not visible or clear from photographs. Explain nature and period of all alterations and additions. List any outbuildings and their approximate ages, cemeteries, etc.) This house is highly unusual in that the right 3 -bay section is a log dog -trot type house that is 2 log pens connected by a frame covered breezeway. Each log pen has an ext. end stone chimney w/ brick stack. The east end chimney on the log section is now a central chimney because of the side stone & brick addition. The log portion has batten doors w/ a 4 -light transom over the front & rear entrances. It also has 6/6 windows, 2 4 -light attic windows in the west gable ends, and is covered in weatherboard sidiing. It appears that both log pens and the breezeway were all built at the same time. The 2 -story brick & stone side addition is 2 bays asymmetrical. The first floor is laid in ransom rubble stone and the second floor is laid in 5 -course American bond brick. It has 6/6 windows w/ wooden lintels, a stepped brick cornice, and an ext. end stone and brick chimney. It also has a 1 -bay vernacular shed -roofed stoop. The brick and stone have been painted. TTe house recently had the addition of 2 -story 2 -level rear porches made of modern pres- sure treated lumber. The replaced the original rear porch. Beneath the east log section is a basement w/ an entry on the south side. The entire log section sits on this baserant. Additions to the house include a modern rear deck; new snap -in 6/6 windows in the log section and new weatherboard siding. Outbuildings include a ]-story stone meathouse; a frame corn crib, and several frame sheds. The property sits itmnediately off of Cedar Creek Grade (Rt. 622) amid several mature trees. A 2 -rail split rail fence is located in the front. A highly rare example of a double pen log dwelling attached by a frame connector. Interior inspected? Yes. Historical significance (Chain of titled individuals, families, events, etc., associated with the property.) 1615 John Miller left house & approx 225 acres to daughter Rebecca Miller Hell - It remained in Bell family until Civil War when John N. Hell lost the property to creditors while he was being held prisoner -of -war. Mr. Stewart Bell, Sr., a grand- son bought the property back & finished paying off his debt 100 years later. Sources and bibliography icles, etc.. with bibliographic data.) Published ,a=ce= (Bnoi"s. art I�scation-) Primary sources [Manuscript documentary or graphic materials., give Names and addresses of persons interviewed Site ,,an (Locate and identify outbuildings, uLYt f I �'4 t—r 4 i i �- l DatC..., Name, address and title of recorder Ntaral S. K�lbian -2- 4. GENERAL DATA �y1 A. Date or Dates of Building(s): 1- �J>O ' B. Outbuildings: Yes Lam' No C. Approximate Acreage: F- C)�: bf��{, rrJl�L FA�iti� D. Architect or Carpenter/Mason (if known): 1-�07 E. Use: S�G1Y11 1�"�2rnA� C.ounl�rr�l.t� 5. GENERAL ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPT ON (Number of stories, unusual architectural features, additions, remodelings, and any features not apparent in photographs) I wo sTofLkA, Lor, 4owAse W iTN. CLAP boArb Slot .Qcr. PDD IT10&'� W 9T\A ST o N� F- i3o—(T- o n. r�-+,� D R) Q L r✓k _ LJ rTH Co rw, p u4-r- ATT4 C ,r Luc,2S RC)S E l CaoS tJ P'sl L5 } '2)4-2,'P LocTs ci x posg7n or l S�r-o&3 r::' 6, HISTORY Briefly note any significant events, personages and/or families associated with the property. (Detailed family genealogies are not necessary.) Please list any additional sources of information. Only material contained on the form will be forwarded to the Review Board members. l��Ll_ FaV - � > cwU.,�Efl l40 Sit JvQ �"oo $ o b t3rt-L- PvTr- �tz S . 411 e) r i Qnr. e 2 `r te X(-� 1-73t� UrT� c� Sr,,U�� (us i►�c 4�� N S� E� . (fifl S r �L �FiNL T� �s�p,r-.l< uQ IAC, Gv L wrQ, O�F4 Erg T.N FO `Clt-L Cu m k%3(' to t Are there any known manuscrints or family papers, drawings, or old photographs that could he made available- to the VNLC staff? Yes No 1�AQt�,�4w1 L<<3+2ttr2u` rs V-A Ib.fG LDr-AT e 5vme, X ) ro furan 3u L l4f ►.CRL2 �-oc L t ► Sr6czwiz�,v l S ALC -L) w►rR M4-�0�5�LL WfiGSC- amr�y -3- 7. PHOTOGRAPHS Two interim and two exterior huts ra hs, black and white, must be provided. Photographs of Other buildings an the property would also be helpful. Thd inc Iusiun of photographs is essential to the completion of this application. Without 1 photographs, the application cannot be considered. r` 8. HAP Please include a map showing the location of the property. A sketch map is acceptable, but please note street and route numbers. Any outbuildings on the property should also be noted. Please include a "north" arrow. 9. Is the property incoming Producing? Yes No V If so, will the applicant seek the Rehabilitation Tax Credit? Yes No Mon] 10. APPLICANT !NFOP.HATION NAME: (SrL T WNNATITELEPHONE- to0 S ADDRESS: 4 CITY/STATE: 1r TYtk hjj ZIP CODE: SIGNATURE,: � DATE: WlwJC4#-�,7m,0I2eTIes6A M ou-gNb RkL-tX Su;- X sar-nwpL� W CWT Or-1,}tijC